Nutrients
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, -Carbohydrates
-Proteins
-Lipids/Fats
-Vitamins
-Minerals
-Water
Lipids
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-Saturated fats: Eating foods that contain saturated fats raises the level of
cholesterol in your blood.
Ex: fatty beef, lamb,pork,poultry with skin,beef fat,
lard and cream,butter,cheese and other dairy products made from whole
or reduced-fat (2 percent) milk.
-Unsaturated fats: These fats are found in meat and other animal products,
such as butter, cheese, and all milk except skim. Saturated fats are also in
palm and coconut oils, which are often used in commercial baked goods
(the kind you buy at the store). Eating too much saturated fat can raise
blood cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease.
-Triglycerides: Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) found in your blood.
When you eat, your body converts any calories it doesn't need to use right
away into triglycerides. The triglycerides are stored in your fat cells.
-Cholesterol:
--> 'Bad' Cholesterol:
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad"
cholesterol, is the type that tends to deposit on the walls of the arteries
--> 'Good' Cholesterol
Not all cholesterol is bad. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is
considered "good" cholesterol because it actually works to keep the LDL,
or "bad" cholesterol from building up in your arteries.
,Maintaining Homeostasis: Kidney Hormones
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Atrial natriuretic factor
Major Electrolytes: Calcium
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Function: forming bones and teeth
Normal Lab values: 8.6 to 10 mg/dL
Food Sources: milk products
Hypocalcemia: serum calcium is lower than 8.6 mg/dL
Hypercalcemia: serum calcium is higher than 10 mg/dL
Vitamin A
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Function:
-Night and color vision
-Maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes
Food sources:
, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, mango, fish liver oil, liver, butter, cream, egg
yolks, yellow fruit, green leafy, vegetables
Return-Flow Enema
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-Expel gas
-Relieve abd. Distention
-100-200 ml water or saline
-Allow solution to flow back into container
Special Diets
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-Regular
-NPO (can't drink or eat anything)
-Clear liquids
-Full liquids
-Soft diet
-Pureed diet
-Diet as tolerated
-Calorie restricted
-Fat restricted
-Sodium restricted
-Dysphagia (Difficulty swallowing)
Positive Trousseau's Sign
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Give this one a try later!
, -Carbohydrates
-Proteins
-Lipids/Fats
-Vitamins
-Minerals
-Water
Lipids
Give this one a try later!
-Saturated fats: Eating foods that contain saturated fats raises the level of
cholesterol in your blood.
Ex: fatty beef, lamb,pork,poultry with skin,beef fat,
lard and cream,butter,cheese and other dairy products made from whole
or reduced-fat (2 percent) milk.
-Unsaturated fats: These fats are found in meat and other animal products,
such as butter, cheese, and all milk except skim. Saturated fats are also in
palm and coconut oils, which are often used in commercial baked goods
(the kind you buy at the store). Eating too much saturated fat can raise
blood cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease.
-Triglycerides: Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) found in your blood.
When you eat, your body converts any calories it doesn't need to use right
away into triglycerides. The triglycerides are stored in your fat cells.
-Cholesterol:
--> 'Bad' Cholesterol:
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad"
cholesterol, is the type that tends to deposit on the walls of the arteries
--> 'Good' Cholesterol
Not all cholesterol is bad. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is
considered "good" cholesterol because it actually works to keep the LDL,
or "bad" cholesterol from building up in your arteries.
,Maintaining Homeostasis: Kidney Hormones
Give this one a try later!
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Atrial natriuretic factor
Major Electrolytes: Calcium
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Function: forming bones and teeth
Normal Lab values: 8.6 to 10 mg/dL
Food Sources: milk products
Hypocalcemia: serum calcium is lower than 8.6 mg/dL
Hypercalcemia: serum calcium is higher than 10 mg/dL
Vitamin A
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Function:
-Night and color vision
-Maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes
Food sources:
, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, mango, fish liver oil, liver, butter, cream, egg
yolks, yellow fruit, green leafy, vegetables
Return-Flow Enema
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-Expel gas
-Relieve abd. Distention
-100-200 ml water or saline
-Allow solution to flow back into container
Special Diets
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-Regular
-NPO (can't drink or eat anything)
-Clear liquids
-Full liquids
-Soft diet
-Pureed diet
-Diet as tolerated
-Calorie restricted
-Fat restricted
-Sodium restricted
-Dysphagia (Difficulty swallowing)
Positive Trousseau's Sign
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