Nurs 358 Exam 1 EKG Study Guide
Questions And Actual Answers.
electrophysiology - Answer 1. automaticity
- ability to create electrical impulse spontaneously
- every cell contains
2. excitability
- ability to respond to outside stimulus
- ready to transmit/contract
3. conductivity
- receive impulse, conduct to nearby cells
4. contractility
- ability to shorten, or contract
polarization - Answer alive and ready for signal
- inta/extra cellular ions aligned
depolarization - Answer ions shift, creating wave as it shift down
- electrical signal flows down myocardial fiber
- becomes permeable and ions shift
repolarization - Answer resetting of the ions to resting state
refractoriness - Answer absolute
- cannot be depolarized
- ions not set up/stable
relative
- some of the ions have shifted/reset
- can be depolarized, but not as efficient, could lead to dangerous rhythms
conduction system - Answer 1) SA Node- sets pace for heart
,normal cardiac cycle - Answer PQRST
isoelectric line deflections - Answer 1st positive
-P
1st negative
-Q
2nd positive
-R
2nd negative
-S
isoelectric
- ST segment
3rd positive
-T
P wave - Answer represents atrial depolarization
- positive, SA node
- first section
QRS complex - Answer ventricular depolarization
-spike
T wave - Answer ventricular repolarization
- resetting to resting state
- normally positive deflection, rounded wave
atria repolarize - Answer behind QRS complex, cannot see it
positive blip - Answer U wave, electrolyte disturbances, or bradycardia waves
, 5. do the QRS look normal
6. evaluate intervals and overall appearance
7. interpret rhythm and clinical significance
rate - Answer 1. 6 second method
2. look at both atrial and ventricular
- 60-90/100
3. 6 seconds measure complexes, multiply by 10 to get 60 seconds, bpm
4. hash marks- 3 second intervals
- 2 strips
- R wave- ventricular rate
- P waves- atrial rate
- T waves- ventricular depolarization
intrinsic rates - Answer 1. sinus - 60-100 : normal sinus rhythm
- SA node working
2. AV junction - 40-60
- backup
3. ventricular 20-40
- severely injured heart
rhythm regularity - Answer 1. is it regular
2. measure the distance in between the R-waves
3. terms
- essentially regular
- irregular
- regularly irregular
- irregularly irregular
calipers - Answer measure R waves
- compare to r waves across the strip
Questions And Actual Answers.
electrophysiology - Answer 1. automaticity
- ability to create electrical impulse spontaneously
- every cell contains
2. excitability
- ability to respond to outside stimulus
- ready to transmit/contract
3. conductivity
- receive impulse, conduct to nearby cells
4. contractility
- ability to shorten, or contract
polarization - Answer alive and ready for signal
- inta/extra cellular ions aligned
depolarization - Answer ions shift, creating wave as it shift down
- electrical signal flows down myocardial fiber
- becomes permeable and ions shift
repolarization - Answer resetting of the ions to resting state
refractoriness - Answer absolute
- cannot be depolarized
- ions not set up/stable
relative
- some of the ions have shifted/reset
- can be depolarized, but not as efficient, could lead to dangerous rhythms
conduction system - Answer 1) SA Node- sets pace for heart
,normal cardiac cycle - Answer PQRST
isoelectric line deflections - Answer 1st positive
-P
1st negative
-Q
2nd positive
-R
2nd negative
-S
isoelectric
- ST segment
3rd positive
-T
P wave - Answer represents atrial depolarization
- positive, SA node
- first section
QRS complex - Answer ventricular depolarization
-spike
T wave - Answer ventricular repolarization
- resetting to resting state
- normally positive deflection, rounded wave
atria repolarize - Answer behind QRS complex, cannot see it
positive blip - Answer U wave, electrolyte disturbances, or bradycardia waves
, 5. do the QRS look normal
6. evaluate intervals and overall appearance
7. interpret rhythm and clinical significance
rate - Answer 1. 6 second method
2. look at both atrial and ventricular
- 60-90/100
3. 6 seconds measure complexes, multiply by 10 to get 60 seconds, bpm
4. hash marks- 3 second intervals
- 2 strips
- R wave- ventricular rate
- P waves- atrial rate
- T waves- ventricular depolarization
intrinsic rates - Answer 1. sinus - 60-100 : normal sinus rhythm
- SA node working
2. AV junction - 40-60
- backup
3. ventricular 20-40
- severely injured heart
rhythm regularity - Answer 1. is it regular
2. measure the distance in between the R-waves
3. terms
- essentially regular
- irregular
- regularly irregular
- irregularly irregular
calipers - Answer measure R waves
- compare to r waves across the strip
