Biology 117 Final Exam137 COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.
Biology 117 Final Exam137 COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.
Which type of reproduction creates offspring with the highest amount of genetic diversity, sexual or
asexual reproduction? Why? - ANSWER Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes to form diploid
zygote) because asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to parent
What is budding? - ANSWER offspring form on or in the parent via mitosis
when fully formed, offspring break free of the parent
ex/ occurs in hydra
What is fission? - ANSWER parent splits in two
ex/ occurs in anemones
What is parthenogenesis? - ANSWER female offspring develop from unfertilized eggs
ex/ occurs in lizards
What occurs for external fertilization to be successful? - ANSWER occurs in a moist environment
union of sperm and eggs require cooperative behavior
produce and release many gametes
Internal fertilization - ANSWER Fewer eggs
require specialized reproductive systems for the transport of gametes and copulation
gonads produce the gametes
several tubes and glands to transport and protect gametes
Which hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary that triggers puberty in both
male and female humans? - ANSWER LH (leuteinizing hormone)
, Biology 117 Final Exam137 COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
produce testosterone in males or estradiol in females
What are the terms used to describe the cells produced in each stage of male gametogenesis? -
ANSWER spermatogonium (2n) --> primary spermatocyte (2n) --> secondary spermatocyte (n) -->
spermatids (n) --> mature sperm cells (n)
What occurs between each stage of male gametogenesis? - ANSWER mitosis and differentiation
meiosis I
meiosis II
How many functional gametes are produced from one diploid germ cell in male gametogenesis? -
ANSWER 4
Are all cells produced the same size in male gametogenesis? - ANSWER yes
What hormone do leydig cells produce and what is their function? - ANSWER testosterone
What hormone do sertoli cells produce and what is their function? - ANSWER inhibin
In what structure do sperm cells mature, become motile, and gain the ability to fertilize? - ANSWER
Epididymis
What are the terms used to describe the cells produced in each stage in female gametogenesis? -
ANSWER oogonium (2n) --> primary oocyte (2n) --> secondary oocyte + polar body (n) --> ootid (n) -->
mature egg cell/ovum (n)
What occurs between each stage in female gametogenesis? - ANSWER mitosis and differentiation
meiosis I
SOLUTIONS.
Biology 117 Final Exam137 COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.
Which type of reproduction creates offspring with the highest amount of genetic diversity, sexual or
asexual reproduction? Why? - ANSWER Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes to form diploid
zygote) because asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to parent
What is budding? - ANSWER offspring form on or in the parent via mitosis
when fully formed, offspring break free of the parent
ex/ occurs in hydra
What is fission? - ANSWER parent splits in two
ex/ occurs in anemones
What is parthenogenesis? - ANSWER female offspring develop from unfertilized eggs
ex/ occurs in lizards
What occurs for external fertilization to be successful? - ANSWER occurs in a moist environment
union of sperm and eggs require cooperative behavior
produce and release many gametes
Internal fertilization - ANSWER Fewer eggs
require specialized reproductive systems for the transport of gametes and copulation
gonads produce the gametes
several tubes and glands to transport and protect gametes
Which hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary that triggers puberty in both
male and female humans? - ANSWER LH (leuteinizing hormone)
, Biology 117 Final Exam137 COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
produce testosterone in males or estradiol in females
What are the terms used to describe the cells produced in each stage of male gametogenesis? -
ANSWER spermatogonium (2n) --> primary spermatocyte (2n) --> secondary spermatocyte (n) -->
spermatids (n) --> mature sperm cells (n)
What occurs between each stage of male gametogenesis? - ANSWER mitosis and differentiation
meiosis I
meiosis II
How many functional gametes are produced from one diploid germ cell in male gametogenesis? -
ANSWER 4
Are all cells produced the same size in male gametogenesis? - ANSWER yes
What hormone do leydig cells produce and what is their function? - ANSWER testosterone
What hormone do sertoli cells produce and what is their function? - ANSWER inhibin
In what structure do sperm cells mature, become motile, and gain the ability to fertilize? - ANSWER
Epididymis
What are the terms used to describe the cells produced in each stage in female gametogenesis? -
ANSWER oogonium (2n) --> primary oocyte (2n) --> secondary oocyte + polar body (n) --> ootid (n) -->
mature egg cell/ovum (n)
What occurs between each stage in female gametogenesis? - ANSWER mitosis and differentiation
meiosis I
