FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING NCLEX
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
A nurse is scheduling hygiene for patients on the unit. What is the priority consideration when planning
a patient's personal hygiene?
A. When the patient had his or her most recent bath
B. The patient's usual hygiene practices and preferences
C. Where the bathing fits in the nurse's schedule
D. The time that is convenient for the patient care assistant - Answer b. Bathing practices and
cleansing habits and rituals vary widely. The patient's preferences should always be taken into
consideration, unless there is a clear threat to health. The patient and nurse should work together to
come to a mutually agreeable time and method to accomplish the patient's personal hygiene. The
availability of staff to assist may be important, but the patient's preferences are a higher priority.
A nurse caring for patients in a critical care unit knows that providing good oral hygiene is an essential
part of nursing care. What are some of the benefits of providing this care? Select all that apply.
A. It promotes the patient's sense of well-being.
B. It prevents deterioration of the oral cavity.
C. It contributes to decreased incidence of aspiration pneumonia.
D. It eliminates the need for flossing.
E. It decreases oropharyngeal secretions.
F. It helps to compensate for an inadequate diet. - Answer a, b, c. Adequate oral hygiene is essential
for promoting the patient's sense of well-being and preventing deterioration of the oral cavity. Diligent
oral hygiene care can also improve oral health and limit the growth of pathogens in oropharyngeal
secretions, decreasing the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and other systemic diseases. Oral care
does not eliminate the need for flossing, decrease oropharyngeal secretions, or compensate for poor
nutrition.
, A nurse assisting with a patient bed bath observes that an older female adult has dry skin. The patient
states that her skin is always "itchy." Which nursing action would be the nurse's best response?
A. Bathe the patient more frequently.
B. Use an emollient on the dry skin.
C. Massage the skin with alcohol.
D. Discourage fluid intake. - Answer b. An emollient soothes dry skin, whereas frequent bathing
increases dryness, as does alcohol. Discouraging fluid intake leads to dehydration and, subsequently, dry
skin.
A nurse caring for patients in a skilled nursing facility performs risk assessment on the patients for foot
and nail problems. Which patients would be at a higher risk? Select all that apply.
A. A patient who is taking antibiotics for chronic bronchitis
B. A patient diagnosed with type II diabetes
C. A patient who is obese
D. A patient who has a nervous habit of biting his nails
E. A patient diagnosed with prostate cancer
F. A patient whose job involves frequent handwashing - Answer b, c, d, f. Variables known to cause nail
and foot problems include deficient self-care abilities, vascular disease, arthritis, diabetes mellitus,
history of biting nails or trimming them improperly, frequent or prolonged exposure to chemicals or
water, trauma, ill-fitting shoes, and obesity.
Nurses performing skin assessments on patients must pay careful attention to cleanliness, color, texture,
temperature, tumor, moisture, sensation, vascularity, and lesions. Which guidelines should nurses
follow when performing these assessments? Select all that apply.
A. Compare bilateral parts for symmetry
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
A nurse is scheduling hygiene for patients on the unit. What is the priority consideration when planning
a patient's personal hygiene?
A. When the patient had his or her most recent bath
B. The patient's usual hygiene practices and preferences
C. Where the bathing fits in the nurse's schedule
D. The time that is convenient for the patient care assistant - Answer b. Bathing practices and
cleansing habits and rituals vary widely. The patient's preferences should always be taken into
consideration, unless there is a clear threat to health. The patient and nurse should work together to
come to a mutually agreeable time and method to accomplish the patient's personal hygiene. The
availability of staff to assist may be important, but the patient's preferences are a higher priority.
A nurse caring for patients in a critical care unit knows that providing good oral hygiene is an essential
part of nursing care. What are some of the benefits of providing this care? Select all that apply.
A. It promotes the patient's sense of well-being.
B. It prevents deterioration of the oral cavity.
C. It contributes to decreased incidence of aspiration pneumonia.
D. It eliminates the need for flossing.
E. It decreases oropharyngeal secretions.
F. It helps to compensate for an inadequate diet. - Answer a, b, c. Adequate oral hygiene is essential
for promoting the patient's sense of well-being and preventing deterioration of the oral cavity. Diligent
oral hygiene care can also improve oral health and limit the growth of pathogens in oropharyngeal
secretions, decreasing the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and other systemic diseases. Oral care
does not eliminate the need for flossing, decrease oropharyngeal secretions, or compensate for poor
nutrition.
, A nurse assisting with a patient bed bath observes that an older female adult has dry skin. The patient
states that her skin is always "itchy." Which nursing action would be the nurse's best response?
A. Bathe the patient more frequently.
B. Use an emollient on the dry skin.
C. Massage the skin with alcohol.
D. Discourage fluid intake. - Answer b. An emollient soothes dry skin, whereas frequent bathing
increases dryness, as does alcohol. Discouraging fluid intake leads to dehydration and, subsequently, dry
skin.
A nurse caring for patients in a skilled nursing facility performs risk assessment on the patients for foot
and nail problems. Which patients would be at a higher risk? Select all that apply.
A. A patient who is taking antibiotics for chronic bronchitis
B. A patient diagnosed with type II diabetes
C. A patient who is obese
D. A patient who has a nervous habit of biting his nails
E. A patient diagnosed with prostate cancer
F. A patient whose job involves frequent handwashing - Answer b, c, d, f. Variables known to cause nail
and foot problems include deficient self-care abilities, vascular disease, arthritis, diabetes mellitus,
history of biting nails or trimming them improperly, frequent or prolonged exposure to chemicals or
water, trauma, ill-fitting shoes, and obesity.
Nurses performing skin assessments on patients must pay careful attention to cleanliness, color, texture,
temperature, tumor, moisture, sensation, vascularity, and lesions. Which guidelines should nurses
follow when performing these assessments? Select all that apply.
A. Compare bilateral parts for symmetry
