APHY 101 FINAL EXAM / ACTUAL TEST
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS /
ALREADY GRADED A.
Terms in this set (263)
What is the difference Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts,
between anatomy and whereas physiology is the study of the function of body
physiology? parts
subatomic particles, atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue,
What are the levels of organ, organ system, organism
organization?
What are the requirements Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
of life?
What are the characteristics Movement (internal or gross); Responsiveness
of life? (reaction to internal or external change); Growth
(increase in size without change in shape);
Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2);
Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption
(movement of substances through membranes and into
fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids);
Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different
forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
Define homeostasis Body's maintenance of a stable environment
What is a homeostatic the body maintains homeostasis through a number of self-
mechanism? regulating control systems; examples are regulating body
temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate
body pressure
,Define matter Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is
composed of elements.
Define element fundamental substance composed of chemically identical
atoms
Define atoms smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
What is the structure of an An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and
atom? neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Neutron subatomic particle that has no charge
Electron subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Atomic number
number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass number of protons plus number of neutrons
What are covalent bonds? Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share
electrons to become stable with filled outer shells
What are ionic bonds? 2 oppositely charged atoms form this bond when electrons are
transferred from one atom to another atom
Weak attraction between positive end of one polar molecule
What are hydrogen bonds? and negative end of another polar molecule; formed
between water molecules
Define ion When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction Two or more atoms or molecules are joined together
, Define decomposition Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones
reaction
Define exchange reaction Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms, ions, or
molecules
Define product Substances formed at the end of the chemical reaction
Define catalyst influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? Electrolytes that release ions that combine with hydrogen ions
in water
What is a salt? Acids and bases that react to form water and electrolytes
What is a pH scale? represents the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] in solution
Neutral solution pH 7; indicates equal concentrations of H+ and OH-
Acidic solution pH less than 7; indicates a greater concentration of
H+
Basic solution pH greater than 7; indicates a greater concentration of OH-
organic compounds have hydrogen and carbon; inorganic
What is the difference compounds do not
between an organic molecule
and an inorganic molecule?
What is dehydration Dehydration reactions link monomers together into
synthesis and hydrolysis? polymers by releasing water, and hydrolysis breaks
polymers into monomers using a water molecule.
Monomers are just single unit molecules and polymers are
chains of monomers.
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS /
ALREADY GRADED A.
Terms in this set (263)
What is the difference Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts,
between anatomy and whereas physiology is the study of the function of body
physiology? parts
subatomic particles, atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue,
What are the levels of organ, organ system, organism
organization?
What are the requirements Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
of life?
What are the characteristics Movement (internal or gross); Responsiveness
of life? (reaction to internal or external change); Growth
(increase in size without change in shape);
Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2);
Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption
(movement of substances through membranes and into
fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids);
Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different
forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
Define homeostasis Body's maintenance of a stable environment
What is a homeostatic the body maintains homeostasis through a number of self-
mechanism? regulating control systems; examples are regulating body
temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate
body pressure
,Define matter Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is
composed of elements.
Define element fundamental substance composed of chemically identical
atoms
Define atoms smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
What is the structure of an An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and
atom? neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Neutron subatomic particle that has no charge
Electron subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Atomic number
number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass number of protons plus number of neutrons
What are covalent bonds? Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share
electrons to become stable with filled outer shells
What are ionic bonds? 2 oppositely charged atoms form this bond when electrons are
transferred from one atom to another atom
Weak attraction between positive end of one polar molecule
What are hydrogen bonds? and negative end of another polar molecule; formed
between water molecules
Define ion When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction Two or more atoms or molecules are joined together
, Define decomposition Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones
reaction
Define exchange reaction Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms, ions, or
molecules
Define product Substances formed at the end of the chemical reaction
Define catalyst influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? Electrolytes that release ions that combine with hydrogen ions
in water
What is a salt? Acids and bases that react to form water and electrolytes
What is a pH scale? represents the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] in solution
Neutral solution pH 7; indicates equal concentrations of H+ and OH-
Acidic solution pH less than 7; indicates a greater concentration of
H+
Basic solution pH greater than 7; indicates a greater concentration of OH-
organic compounds have hydrogen and carbon; inorganic
What is the difference compounds do not
between an organic molecule
and an inorganic molecule?
What is dehydration Dehydration reactions link monomers together into
synthesis and hydrolysis? polymers by releasing water, and hydrolysis breaks
polymers into monomers using a water molecule.
Monomers are just single unit molecules and polymers are
chains of monomers.
