Psychology 1010 Exam 3 Questions With Step-by-Step
Solutions
Watson and Rayner's study of Little Albert demonstrated how specific fears
A. can interfere with the process of learning.
B. can be used as conditioned reinforcers.
C. are acquired through observational learning.
D. may be produced through classical conditioning. Correct Answer - D.
may be produced through classical conditioning.
Children often learn to associate pushing a vending machine button with the
delivery of a candy bar. This best illustrates the process underlying
A. cognitive leaning.
B. respondent behavior.
C. spontaneous recovery.
D. operant conditioning. Correct Answer - D. operant conditioning.
A dog salivates to the sound of a tone because the tone has regularly been
associated with the delivery of food. In this case, the tone is called a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned reinforcer.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. conditioned reinforcer. Correct Answer - C. conditioned stimulus.
In classical conditioning, the NS becomes a ________ after it reliably signals the
impending occurrence of the ________.
A. US; CS
B. UR; CR
C. CS; US
D. CR; UR Correct Answer - C. CS; US
John B. Watson considered himself to be a
A. physiological psychologist.
B. cognitive psychologist.
C. behaviorist.
D. psychoanalyst. Correct Answer - C. behaviorist.
,Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has
many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own
dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of
A. observational learning.
B. generalization.
C. delayed reinforcement.
D. discrimination. Correct Answer - B. generalization.
The reappearance, after a time lapse, of an extinguished CR is called
A. generalization.
B. spontaneous recovery.
C. conditioned reinforcement.
D. acquisition. Correct Answer - B. spontaneous recovery.
The occurrence of spontaneous recovery suggests that during extinction
A. the CS is eliminated.
B. the CR is eliminated.
C. the CS is suppressed.
D. the CR is suppressed. Correct Answer - D. the CR is suppressed.
After a fear-provoking biking accident, Alex extinguished his conditioned fear
of bikes by cycling on a safe biking trail every day for a week. The
reappearance of his previously extinguished fear when Alex rode a bike on the
same trail two weeks later best illustrates
A. cognitive learning.
B. conditioned reinforcement.
C. generalization.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - D. spontaneous recovery.
Just after they taste a sweet liquid, mice are injected with a drug that produces
an immune response. Later, the taste of the sweet liquid by itself triggers an
immune response. This best illustrates
A. operant conditioning.
B. cognitive learning.
C. classical conditioning.
D. observational learning. Correct Answer - C. classical conditioning.
, After one chimpanzee sees a second chimp open a box that contains a food
reward, the first animal opens a similar box with great speed. This best
illustrates
A. operant conditioning.
B. spontaneous recovery.
C. respondent behavior.
D. observational learning. Correct Answer - D. observational learning.
Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.
A. UR; CR
B. CS; UR
C. US; UR
D. CS; US Correct Answer - D. CS; US
In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after
books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise. In this fictional example,
the loud noise is a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned response.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. conditioned response. Correct Answer - A. unconditioned stimulus.
Jacqueline is sexually aroused by the sight of her handsome boyfriend but not
by the sight of her equally handsome brother. This best illustrates the value of
A. cognitive learning.
B. conditioned reinforcement.
C. discrimination.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - C. discrimination.
The acquisition of mental information by observing events, by watching
others, or through language is called
A. classical conditioning.
B. cognitive learning.
C. operant conditioning.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - B. cognitive learning.
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before
conditioning is called a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
Solutions
Watson and Rayner's study of Little Albert demonstrated how specific fears
A. can interfere with the process of learning.
B. can be used as conditioned reinforcers.
C. are acquired through observational learning.
D. may be produced through classical conditioning. Correct Answer - D.
may be produced through classical conditioning.
Children often learn to associate pushing a vending machine button with the
delivery of a candy bar. This best illustrates the process underlying
A. cognitive leaning.
B. respondent behavior.
C. spontaneous recovery.
D. operant conditioning. Correct Answer - D. operant conditioning.
A dog salivates to the sound of a tone because the tone has regularly been
associated with the delivery of food. In this case, the tone is called a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned reinforcer.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. conditioned reinforcer. Correct Answer - C. conditioned stimulus.
In classical conditioning, the NS becomes a ________ after it reliably signals the
impending occurrence of the ________.
A. US; CS
B. UR; CR
C. CS; US
D. CR; UR Correct Answer - C. CS; US
John B. Watson considered himself to be a
A. physiological psychologist.
B. cognitive psychologist.
C. behaviorist.
D. psychoanalyst. Correct Answer - C. behaviorist.
,Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has
many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own
dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of
A. observational learning.
B. generalization.
C. delayed reinforcement.
D. discrimination. Correct Answer - B. generalization.
The reappearance, after a time lapse, of an extinguished CR is called
A. generalization.
B. spontaneous recovery.
C. conditioned reinforcement.
D. acquisition. Correct Answer - B. spontaneous recovery.
The occurrence of spontaneous recovery suggests that during extinction
A. the CS is eliminated.
B. the CR is eliminated.
C. the CS is suppressed.
D. the CR is suppressed. Correct Answer - D. the CR is suppressed.
After a fear-provoking biking accident, Alex extinguished his conditioned fear
of bikes by cycling on a safe biking trail every day for a week. The
reappearance of his previously extinguished fear when Alex rode a bike on the
same trail two weeks later best illustrates
A. cognitive learning.
B. conditioned reinforcement.
C. generalization.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - D. spontaneous recovery.
Just after they taste a sweet liquid, mice are injected with a drug that produces
an immune response. Later, the taste of the sweet liquid by itself triggers an
immune response. This best illustrates
A. operant conditioning.
B. cognitive learning.
C. classical conditioning.
D. observational learning. Correct Answer - C. classical conditioning.
, After one chimpanzee sees a second chimp open a box that contains a food
reward, the first animal opens a similar box with great speed. This best
illustrates
A. operant conditioning.
B. spontaneous recovery.
C. respondent behavior.
D. observational learning. Correct Answer - D. observational learning.
Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.
A. UR; CR
B. CS; UR
C. US; UR
D. CS; US Correct Answer - D. CS; US
In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after
books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise. In this fictional example,
the loud noise is a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned response.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. conditioned response. Correct Answer - A. unconditioned stimulus.
Jacqueline is sexually aroused by the sight of her handsome boyfriend but not
by the sight of her equally handsome brother. This best illustrates the value of
A. cognitive learning.
B. conditioned reinforcement.
C. discrimination.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - C. discrimination.
The acquisition of mental information by observing events, by watching
others, or through language is called
A. classical conditioning.
B. cognitive learning.
C. operant conditioning.
D. spontaneous recovery. Correct Answer - B. cognitive learning.
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before
conditioning is called a(n)
A. unconditioned stimulus.
