CPSC 1050 - Ch. 3: Data Representation
with Complete Solutions
A ______ is a series of commands that describe shapes using mathematical properties
(e.g. direction, length, thickness, color). - ANSWER-vector graphic
A digital signal... - ANSWER-has only a high or low state, corresponding to the two
binary digits
Adding and subtracting in two's complement are the same as in ______. - ANSWER-
ten's complement
Adding with negative numbers in signed compliment: (-4) + (6) = - ANSWER-96 + 6 = 2
Adding with negative values in ten's complement - ANSWER-Add the numbers and
discard any carry
Ex. 96 + 6 = 2
Almost all video codecs use ______ compression to minimize the huge amounts of data
associated with video - ANSWER-lossy
An analog audio signal is digitized by... - ANSWER-sampling (periodically measuring
the voltage) and quantization (representing the voltage as a number using a finite
number of bits)
An analog signal... - ANSWER-continually fluctuates in voltage up and down
An audio signal is an ______ representation of a sound wave. - ANSWER-analog
An RGB value of (255, 255, 0) maximizes the contribution of ______ and ______, and
minimizes the contribution of ______, which results in a bright yellow - ANSWER-red
and green, blue
Analog data - ANSWER-A continuous representation, analogous to the actual
information it represents
ASCII stands for - ANSWER-American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCII uses ______ bits to represent each character. - ANSWER-8
BMP (bitmap) - ANSWER-- TrueColor color depth, or less to reduce file size
- Well suited for compression by run-length encoding
Character set - ANSWER-A list of characters and the codes used to represent each one
, Color is expressed as an ______ value - three numbers that indicate the relative
contribution of each of these three primary colors. - ANSWER-RBG (red-green-blue)
Colour depth - ANSWER-The amount of data that is used to represent a color
Compression ratio - ANSWER-The size of the compressed data divided by the size of
the original data - between 0 and 1 (0% and 100%)
Computers represent text by assigning each character a ______. - ANSWER-binary
string
Convert 0.75 to binary - ANSWER-0.75 x 2 = 1.50
0.50 x 2 = 1.00
= .11
Convert 20.25 to binary - ANSWER-20 = 10100
0.25 x 2 = 0.50
0.50 x 2 = 1.00
=.01
= 10100.01
Converting fractions to binary - ANSWER-1) Multiply by the new base
2) The carry from the multiplication becomes the next digit to the right in the answer
3) The fractional part of the result is then multiplied by the new base
4) The process continues until the fractional part of the result is 0
Data compression - ANSWER-Reduction in the amount of space needed to store a
piece of data or the bandwidth to transmit it
Digital data - ANSWER-A discrete representation, breaking the information up into
separate elements
Digitize - ANSWER-Breaking data into pieces and representing those pieces separately
Electronic signals (both analog and digital)... - ANSWER-degrade as they move down a
transmission line
Example of adding in two's complement: - ANSWER--127 - 10000001
+1 - 00000001
= -126 - 10000010
Floating-point - ANSWER-A representation of a real number that keeps track of the
sign, mantissa, and exponent.
with Complete Solutions
A ______ is a series of commands that describe shapes using mathematical properties
(e.g. direction, length, thickness, color). - ANSWER-vector graphic
A digital signal... - ANSWER-has only a high or low state, corresponding to the two
binary digits
Adding and subtracting in two's complement are the same as in ______. - ANSWER-
ten's complement
Adding with negative numbers in signed compliment: (-4) + (6) = - ANSWER-96 + 6 = 2
Adding with negative values in ten's complement - ANSWER-Add the numbers and
discard any carry
Ex. 96 + 6 = 2
Almost all video codecs use ______ compression to minimize the huge amounts of data
associated with video - ANSWER-lossy
An analog audio signal is digitized by... - ANSWER-sampling (periodically measuring
the voltage) and quantization (representing the voltage as a number using a finite
number of bits)
An analog signal... - ANSWER-continually fluctuates in voltage up and down
An audio signal is an ______ representation of a sound wave. - ANSWER-analog
An RGB value of (255, 255, 0) maximizes the contribution of ______ and ______, and
minimizes the contribution of ______, which results in a bright yellow - ANSWER-red
and green, blue
Analog data - ANSWER-A continuous representation, analogous to the actual
information it represents
ASCII stands for - ANSWER-American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCII uses ______ bits to represent each character. - ANSWER-8
BMP (bitmap) - ANSWER-- TrueColor color depth, or less to reduce file size
- Well suited for compression by run-length encoding
Character set - ANSWER-A list of characters and the codes used to represent each one
, Color is expressed as an ______ value - three numbers that indicate the relative
contribution of each of these three primary colors. - ANSWER-RBG (red-green-blue)
Colour depth - ANSWER-The amount of data that is used to represent a color
Compression ratio - ANSWER-The size of the compressed data divided by the size of
the original data - between 0 and 1 (0% and 100%)
Computers represent text by assigning each character a ______. - ANSWER-binary
string
Convert 0.75 to binary - ANSWER-0.75 x 2 = 1.50
0.50 x 2 = 1.00
= .11
Convert 20.25 to binary - ANSWER-20 = 10100
0.25 x 2 = 0.50
0.50 x 2 = 1.00
=.01
= 10100.01
Converting fractions to binary - ANSWER-1) Multiply by the new base
2) The carry from the multiplication becomes the next digit to the right in the answer
3) The fractional part of the result is then multiplied by the new base
4) The process continues until the fractional part of the result is 0
Data compression - ANSWER-Reduction in the amount of space needed to store a
piece of data or the bandwidth to transmit it
Digital data - ANSWER-A discrete representation, breaking the information up into
separate elements
Digitize - ANSWER-Breaking data into pieces and representing those pieces separately
Electronic signals (both analog and digital)... - ANSWER-degrade as they move down a
transmission line
Example of adding in two's complement: - ANSWER--127 - 10000001
+1 - 00000001
= -126 - 10000010
Floating-point - ANSWER-A representation of a real number that keeps track of the
sign, mantissa, and exponent.
