Summary MCB 2210 exam notes

CELL CYCLE
· CELL GROWTH :
Pl3-KNASE PATHWAY · CHECKPOINTS
① RTK activate P13k(P13-kinase) ↳ O feedback , block cell cyc

checkpoint
& DNA-damage
② P13K phosphorylate P1(4 5) P,
=
>
-


P113 , 4 5) Ps
,




& P1(3 4 ,, 5) Ps activate Akt Spindle checkpoints
& Akt activate Tor => ↑ protein synthesis & cell growth

↑
o MITOGENS
large bud of
↳ growth factor through RTK Ras MAD-kinase end of G2
act >
pathway
-


,
>
-


& activate Gl-cyclin ,
G1/S & S-cyclin expression


·
PROTEIN DEGRAPATION >
-
↳> ubiquitin : marks protein for degradation by proteasome
↳ poly-ubiquitinated :
ubiquitin proteins covalently attached to proteins

· CDK ACTIVITY REGULATION


mutation in G , -I phase
↳ al cyain mutation :
XG1 -



mutation in G2-M phase
↳ mitotic cydin mutation : X



is cone of cyclin changes , CDK remain constant CDK mutation : mixture of lar
=> chain =
rate
limiting protein -



budding yeast we l cpk & m



⑮ >
-
· > cyclin
-
inactive caces/excess weel
inactive weel/excess cac2s :
: X



CDK ok bind cullin CAK phosphorylate Tloop
n

=> T
loop exposed => CDK active
=> partially active
· MATURATION PROMOTING FAC
inhibitor ↑ MPF & ↑ cyclin leve
↳
↓ Cdc42


I -I
↓ ↑
phosphotase
>
-

↓ Is
⑪
=> drive G2->M transit
↳ ↑MPF as cell enter mitos




AMPT
add inhibitory o active remove inhibitory p

D
T-loop phosphorylation
& weel kinase : inhibitory phosphorylation
& cdo phosphatases : dephosphorylation of inhibitory sites
mitosis
& CDK inhibitors (CKIs) : physical
inhibition X
· CELL CYCLE

& G , Cyclin-CDK ↑ mudin B anc - early mitotic
:
prepare s phase
cells for
↓ CYCiMB Cont - late mitotic
-

, S




-
Rec 8 :
specialized cohesion

andeat chromosoreplication mea
-




⑤ ⑭
d

⑱ ⑭
diploid daughter cell
⑧
haploid gametes
1'# chromosome)