University of Connecticut

Enzyme - Answer a biological macromolecule that acts as a catalyst for a biochemical reaction; although almost all enzymes are composed of protein some RNA molecules are catalytically active. Substrate - Answer reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts cofactor - Answer Non-protein helpers that may be bound tightly to the enzyme as a permanent resident, or may bind loosely and reversibly along with the substrate. Apoenzyme - Answer protein portion...

What metabolic events occur in the Cori cycle? A)Lactate produced in the liver is converted to glucose in the muscle. B)Lactate produced in the active muscle is converted to glucose in the liver. C)Lactate can exit the muscle into the bloodstream and then enters the liver to be converted to galactose via galactoneogenesis. D)Glucose is converted to pyruvate via the glycolysis pathway in the skeletal muscle and that pyruvate exits the muscle into the bloodstream and then enters the liver to...

What enzyme are we using in this lab? - Answer Alkaline phosphatase What is the purpose of an enzyme? - Answer To lower the activation energy What substrate are we using in this lab? - Answer p-nitrophenyl phosphate Alkaline phosphate does what? and works at what pH? - Answer Removes a phosphate group and works best at high pH What is Vmax? - Answer Maximum velocity of reaction Units for Vmax? - Answer M/sec What is Km? - Answer Michael...

elements essential for life - Answer Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen silicon vs. carbon - Answer -silicon has a third energy level -carbon is half the size of silicon -silicon requires more energy Amphipathic - Answer both hydrophobic and hydrophilic (phospholipids) properties of water - Answer -polar -universal solvent -bent Brownian motion - Answer movement of molecules powered by random fluctuations of environmental energy ...

What is cholesterol? - Answer It has three 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring fused together. It contains a -OH functional group on one of the rings. It provides the chemical backbone for vitamin D biosynthesis. The liver is the major site for cholesterol biosynthesis. List the steps involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. - Answer 1. Acetoacetyl CoA 2. HMG CoA 3. 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate 4. Geranylpyrophosphate 5. Farnesyl pyrophosphate 6. Squalene What is the r...

aspartate (Asp) - Answer this amino acid is negatively polar charged glutamate (Glu) - Answer this amino acid is negatively polar charged (COO-) lysine (Lys) - Answer this amino acid is positively polar charged amino (NH3+) is important arginine (Arg) - Answer this amino acid is positively polar charged and is basic amino acid. the guanidinium is important here (NH2-C-NH2+) group Histidine (His)q - Answer this is a basic positively polar charged mole...

Starting with a 0.5 M solution of NaCl, how would you make 500mL of a 150 mM solution of NaCl? Clearly explain. - Answer You would add 150mL of the 0.5M NaCl solution and then add 350mL of water to make 500mL of a 150mM solution. Math: (500mL)(0.15M) = (0.5M) V V = 150 mL solution 500mL total - 150 mL solution = 350mL water Convert: 150 μL to mL 0.075 M to mM 0.950 mL into μL - Answer 1. 0.15 mL 2. 75 mM 3. 950uL The pH of a solution with [H+] concentration les...

covalent vs. noncovalent interactions- how are they different? - Answer Electronegativity - Answer Polarity - Answer Molecules having uneven distribution of charges polar: unequal sharing, involved an electronegative atom nonpolar: equal sharing what is polarity important? - Answer -explains why molecules are hydrophilic and hydrophobic -leads to noncovalent interactions hydrophobic effect - Answer -Inability of water to dissolve nonpolar molecules...

Where does electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation occur in the mitochondria? - Answer inner mitochondrial membrane What are the complexes if the ETC? - Answer Complex I - NADH-Q oxidoreductase Complex II - Succinate-Q reductase Complex III - Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase Complex IV - Cytochrome c oxidase What are the important redox centers and their roles? - Answer - FMN (similar to FAD, Flavoproteins) - 2-electron acceptor but only pass one electron at a ti...

how many oxidation reduction reactions are in the TCA cycle - Answer 4 where can we get acetyl CoA from - Answer fatty acids, ketones, glucose to pyruvate, and ethanol in the TCA cycle, what is oxidized to carbon dioxide - Answer acetyl CoA phase 1 of the TCA cycle - Answer oxidation of acetyl CoA to CO2 ordered binding in TCA cycle - Answer oxaloacetate MUST bind first because it performs conformational changes before acetyl CoA can bind to citrate synt...