GERO FINAL nutrition and elimination questions and
answers with solutions 2025
proper nutrition means - ANSWER essential nutrients are adequately supplied and used to
maintain optimal health and well-being
what does proper nutrition provide for the body? (2) - ANSWER proper nutrition provides
energy and the building blocks necessary to maintain body structure and function
what's a major health concern in the older adults? - ANSWER nutritional deficiencies are a
major health concern in older adults
___ ___ are not well established for the elderly - ANSWER nutritional requirements
gingival and teeth function decrease or increase in the elderly? - ANSWER gingival and teeth
function decrease
Older adults's tongue ___ and that affects their taste buds. - ANSWER older adults's tongue
atrophied (shrink) and that affects their taste buds
What happen to older adults' taste sensation? what taste remained and what tastes decreased?
- ANSWER older adults' taste sensation decline but sweet taste remained. Sour, bitter, and salty
taste declined.
what happen to older adult's sense of smell? - ANSWER their sense of smell decreases
Older adults have __ dental health, missing ___, and _______ dentures - ANSWER older adults
have poor dental health, missing teeth, and ill-fitting dentures
,swallowing is difficult in older adults because there's a ____ in their saliva production. -
ANSWER decreased, therefore older adults cannot mix food or swallow well
xerostomia - ANSWER dry mouth
what happen to older adult's esophageal and stomach motility? (decreased or increased).
Because of this, what are they at risk for? (2) - ANSWER older adult's esophageal and stomach
motility decreased. This puts them at risk for aspiration and indigestion
there is an _____ stomach emptying time and therefore the food stays in the tummy longer -
ANSWER increased
In stomach, food passes rapidly from the ____ to the ____ causing an increased in the ____. -
ANSWER in the stomach, food passes rapidly from the fundus to the antrum causing an
increased in the antral stretch
an increased in the antral stretch causes an older adult to have a feeling of ____ _______ -
ANSWER an increased in the antral stretch causes an older adult to have a feeling of early
fullness. fundus can't hold large amount of food so they feel full when they start to eat.
older adult's hydrochloric acid and pepsin decreased or increased? what about the stomach pH?
- ANSWER older adult's hydrochloric acid and pepsin decreased and there's a higher stomach
pH
there's a ____ incidence of gastric irritation in older adults - ANSWER there's an increased
incidence of gastric irritation
there is a ____ absorption of dextrose, xyclose, calcium, iron, vitamin B, B12 and D in older
adults - ANSWER decreased
, Is there an increase or decrease in intestinal absorption, motility, and blood flow of older
adults? - ANSWER there's a decrease in intestinal absorption, motility, and blood flow of older
adults
in small intestine, there's an ____ of muscle fiber. Mucosal surfaces are ____ and the villi are
_____ - ANSWER in small intestine, there's an atropy of muscle fiber. mucosal surfaces are
shortening and the villi are widening.
Older adults are at risk for _____ because there's a _______ in elasticity and rectal muscle tone.
- ANSWER older adults are at risk for constipation because there's a decreased in elasticity and
rectal muscle tone
there are ____ enzymes in older adults - ANSWER more
there is an increase in _____ which decreases appetite and causes the older adults to have less
of an appetite - ANSWER cholecystokinin
What happen to the size of the liver and blood flow in older adults? how does that affect their
medications? - ANSWER they have a decreased in the size of the liver and blood flow. this leads
to not being able to neutralize their medications.
there is a ___ in thirst perception - ANSWER decrease
the digestive system, however has ____ age-related changes that really dont significantly affect
function - ANSWER NORMAL
eating alone can cause ____ or ____. how many percent of old women live alone? - ANSWER
overindulgence or depression. 40% of old women live alone.
answers with solutions 2025
proper nutrition means - ANSWER essential nutrients are adequately supplied and used to
maintain optimal health and well-being
what does proper nutrition provide for the body? (2) - ANSWER proper nutrition provides
energy and the building blocks necessary to maintain body structure and function
what's a major health concern in the older adults? - ANSWER nutritional deficiencies are a
major health concern in older adults
___ ___ are not well established for the elderly - ANSWER nutritional requirements
gingival and teeth function decrease or increase in the elderly? - ANSWER gingival and teeth
function decrease
Older adults's tongue ___ and that affects their taste buds. - ANSWER older adults's tongue
atrophied (shrink) and that affects their taste buds
What happen to older adults' taste sensation? what taste remained and what tastes decreased?
- ANSWER older adults' taste sensation decline but sweet taste remained. Sour, bitter, and salty
taste declined.
what happen to older adult's sense of smell? - ANSWER their sense of smell decreases
Older adults have __ dental health, missing ___, and _______ dentures - ANSWER older adults
have poor dental health, missing teeth, and ill-fitting dentures
,swallowing is difficult in older adults because there's a ____ in their saliva production. -
ANSWER decreased, therefore older adults cannot mix food or swallow well
xerostomia - ANSWER dry mouth
what happen to older adult's esophageal and stomach motility? (decreased or increased).
Because of this, what are they at risk for? (2) - ANSWER older adult's esophageal and stomach
motility decreased. This puts them at risk for aspiration and indigestion
there is an _____ stomach emptying time and therefore the food stays in the tummy longer -
ANSWER increased
In stomach, food passes rapidly from the ____ to the ____ causing an increased in the ____. -
ANSWER in the stomach, food passes rapidly from the fundus to the antrum causing an
increased in the antral stretch
an increased in the antral stretch causes an older adult to have a feeling of ____ _______ -
ANSWER an increased in the antral stretch causes an older adult to have a feeling of early
fullness. fundus can't hold large amount of food so they feel full when they start to eat.
older adult's hydrochloric acid and pepsin decreased or increased? what about the stomach pH?
- ANSWER older adult's hydrochloric acid and pepsin decreased and there's a higher stomach
pH
there's a ____ incidence of gastric irritation in older adults - ANSWER there's an increased
incidence of gastric irritation
there is a ____ absorption of dextrose, xyclose, calcium, iron, vitamin B, B12 and D in older
adults - ANSWER decreased
, Is there an increase or decrease in intestinal absorption, motility, and blood flow of older
adults? - ANSWER there's a decrease in intestinal absorption, motility, and blood flow of older
adults
in small intestine, there's an ____ of muscle fiber. Mucosal surfaces are ____ and the villi are
_____ - ANSWER in small intestine, there's an atropy of muscle fiber. mucosal surfaces are
shortening and the villi are widening.
Older adults are at risk for _____ because there's a _______ in elasticity and rectal muscle tone.
- ANSWER older adults are at risk for constipation because there's a decreased in elasticity and
rectal muscle tone
there are ____ enzymes in older adults - ANSWER more
there is an increase in _____ which decreases appetite and causes the older adults to have less
of an appetite - ANSWER cholecystokinin
What happen to the size of the liver and blood flow in older adults? how does that affect their
medications? - ANSWER they have a decreased in the size of the liver and blood flow. this leads
to not being able to neutralize their medications.
there is a ___ in thirst perception - ANSWER decrease
the digestive system, however has ____ age-related changes that really dont significantly affect
function - ANSWER NORMAL
eating alone can cause ____ or ____. how many percent of old women live alone? - ANSWER
overindulgence or depression. 40% of old women live alone.
