PATHO370 - WCU - Pathophysiology Final Exam Study Questions And Answers

PATHO370 - WCU - Pathophysiology
Final Exam Study Questions And
Answers
Aq10-year-
oldqboyqhasqaqmetastaticqlesionqinqtheqmetaphysealqregionqofqtheqfemurqthatqisqreferredqtoqa
sq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Anqosteosarcoma

Osteosarcomaqisqanqextremelyqmalignantqbone-
formingqtumor.qItqoccursqinqyoungqadultsqfromqageq10qtoq30qorqinqadultsq60qtoq70qyearsqofqag
e.qItqoccursqinqtheqmetaphysealqregionqofqlongqbones.qOsteoidqosteomaqisqpainfulqbutqbenig
n;qtheseqtumorsqoccurqinqindividualsq10qtoq20qyearsqofqage.qRadiographsqshowqtheqlesionqe
nclosedqinqaqscleroticqshell.qGiantqcellqtumorsqareqbenignqbutqaggressive.qTheyqcommonlyq
occurqbetweenqtheqagesqofq20qandq40qyears.qChondromaqisqaqcartilage-
formingqtumorqlocatedqwithinqtheqboneqandqcanqbeqlocatedqwithinqtheqmedullaryqcavityqofqth
eqbone.

Aq39-year-
oldqpatientqwhoqhasqbeenqtakingqaqspecificqantibioticqforqyearsqwithoutqproblemsqdevelopsqt
achycardia,qloweredqbloodqpressure,qwheezing,qandqurticariaqwhenqgivenqthisqantibioticqinq
theqclinic.qTheqmostqlikelyqexplanationqforqthisqoccurrenceqisqthatqtheqpatientq-
qCORRECTqqANSWER-

isqexperiencingqanqanaphylacticqhypersensitivityqreactionqtoqtheqantibiotic.

Aqcontributingqfactorqtoqtheqformationqofqanqembolusqincludesqwhichqofqtheqfollowing?q(Sele
ctqallqthatqapply.)

Aqchronicqbloodqdisorderqlikeqanemia
q

Dislodgedqfatqafterqlong-boneqsurgery
q

AirqbolusqintroducedqbyqIVqtherapy
q

Foreignqobjectqinqtheqbloodqstream
q

Anqinfectedqbloodqvesselq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Dislodgedqfatqafterqlong-boneqsurgeryq
AirqbolusqintroducedqbyqIVqtherapy
Foreignqobjectqinqtheqbloodqstream
Anqinfectedqbloodqvessel

Aqfactorqthatqpredisposesqelderlyqpersonsqtoqcystitisqisqwhichqofqtheqfollowing?q(Selectqallqth
atqapply.)

,q

Chronicqillnessqsuchqasqdiabetes
q

decreasedqestrogenqinqwomen
q

Benignqprostaticqhypertrophy
q

Urinaryqincontinence
q

Bowelqincontinenceq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Chronicqillnessqsuchqasqdiabetes
Decreasedqestrogenqinqwomen
Benignqprostaticqhypertrophy
Bowelqincontinence

Aqheartqthatqhasqtoqpumpqharderqinqorderqtoqeffectivelyqcirculateqbloodqisqlikelyqtoqundergoq
whichqtypeqofqcellularqadaptation?q-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Hypertrophy

Cellsqhypertrophyqinqresponseqtoqincreasedqphysiologicqorqpathophysiologicqdemands.qIfqt
heqheartqhasqtoqpumpqharderqthanqnormalqtoqmeetqtheqbodysqdemandqforqoxygenqandqnutri
ents,qtheqcardiacqcellsqwillqbecomeqlarger,qresultingqinqcardiacqhypertrophy.qAtrophyqresult
sqinqcellqdeathqthatqwouldqrenderqtheqcellsqnon-
functional.qMetaplasiaqisqtheqreplacementqofqoneqdifferentiatedqcellqtypeqwithqanother.qMus
cleqcontractionqcouldqpossiblyqbeqlostqratherqthanqenhanced.qHyperplasiaqwouldqresultqinqa
nqincreasedqnumberqofqcellsqratherqthanqanqenhancedqpumpingqcapacity.

Aqpatientqexperiencingqanqacuteqmyocardialqinfarctionq(MI)qisqgivenqaqdrugqtoqlyseqtheqclotqi
nqtheqcoronaryqartery.qWhatqisqtheqbestqexplanationqforqtheqsuddenqdevelopmentqofqaqserio
usqarrhythmiaqonceqcirculationqisqrestored?q-qCORRECTqqANSWER-
Theqreturnqofqoxygenqperfusionqresultedqinqreperfusionqinjury.

Aqpatientqisqadmittedqtoqtheqhospitalqwithqleft-
sidedqheartqfailure.qWhichqclinicalqmanifestationqwouldqtheqnurseqexpectqtheqclientqtoqexhib
it?q(Selectqallqthatqapply.)
q

Cough
q

Dyspnea
q

Bradypnea
q

Cracklesqinqlungs
q

Peripheralqedemaq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Cough
Dyspnea
Cracklesqinqlungs

Aqpatientqisqdiagnosedqwithqdementia.qThereqhasqbeenqanqincreaseqinqcerebrospinalqfluidq(
CSF)qvolume,qbutqnoqincreaseqinqintracranialqpressure.qWhatqtypeqofqhydrocephalusqisqthis
qpatientqdemonstratingq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Normalqpressure




Aqpatientqreportsqaqsensationqofqpressureqwithinqtheqvagina.qOnqexamination,qanqanteriorqb
ulgeqisqnoted.qThisqfindingqsupportsqaqdiagnosisqofq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Cystocele

, Aqpatientqwithqchronicqrenalqfailureqwhoqexhibitsqtheqinabilityqtoqexcreteqfluidqisqlikelyqtoqpres
entqwithqwhichqofqtheqfollowing?q(Selectqallqthatqapply.)
q

Rales
q

Nausea
q

Boundingqpulses
q

Peripheralqedema
q

Jugularqvenousqdistentionq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-Rales
Boundingqpulses
Peripheralqedema
Jugularqvenousqdistention

Aqsevereqlife-threateningqtypeqIqhypersensitivityqreactionqisq-qCORRECTqqANSWER-
Anaphylaxis

Aqseverelyqhypertensiveqpatientqpresentsqwithqtheqclassicqtriadqofqheadache,qtachycardia,q
andqdiaphoresis,qandqlaboratoryqtestsqshowqexcessiveqcirculatingqcatecholamineqlevels.q
Whichqrare,qbutqtreatable,qdisorderqisqsuspected?q-qCORRECTqqANSWER-
Pheochromocytoma

Aqpheochromocytomaqisqaqcatecholamine-
secretingqtumorqthatqisqusuallyqlocatedqinqtheqadrenalqmedullaqandqpresentsqaqclassicqtriadq
ofqsymptomsq(headache,qtachycardia,qandqdiaphoresis)qthatqresultqfromqeffectsqofqtheqmas
siveqcirculatingqcatecholamineqlevelsqonqtheqsympatheticqnervousqsystem.qAdrenalqcortica
lqhypertensionqandqhypertrophyqorqhypotrophyqofqtheqadrenalqglandqdoqnotqpresentqwithqthe
seqsymptoms.

Aqtrueqstatementqregardingqatherosclerosisqisqwhichqofqtheqfollowing?q(Selectqallqthatqapply
.)
q

Atherosclerosisqobliteransqoccursqwhenqtheqperipheralqsystemqofqupperqextremitiesqareqaff
ected
q

Atherosclerosisqusuallyqaffectsqtheqcoronary,qcerebral,qcarotid,qfemoralqarteriesqandqtheqa
orta.
q

Atherosclerosisqobliteransqisqusedqtoqdescribeqatherosclerosis;qtheqtermsqareqinterchange
able.
q

Atherosclerosisqisqaqresultqofqmediumqandqlargeqarteriesqbeingqoccluded.
q

Atherosclerosisqisqtheqdominantqtypeqofqarteriosclerosis.q-qCORRECTqqANSWER-
Atherosclerosisqusuallyqaffectsqtheqcoronary,qcerebral,qcarotid,qfemoralqarteriesqandqtheqa
orta.
q

Atherosclerosisqisqaqresultqofqmediumqandqlargeqarteriesqbeingqoccluded.
q

Atherosclerosisqisqtheqdominantqtypeqofqarteriosclerosis.