CPOA Study Course Chpt. 1-19 (Answered)
100% Verified| 331 Questions and Correct
Answers, Latest Updated 2025/2026.
HIPAA
The government agency that protects the
privacy of patients
Three basic functions of the eyelids are
1) Replenish and spread tear film evenly across the surface of the eye 2) Regulate the amount of tear
fluid in the eyes 3) Protect the eye
Seven bones that form the orbit
Maxilla, Frontal, Zygomatic, Ethmoid,
Lacrimal, Palantine, Sphenoid.
Rapid, forceful closure of the eyelids that
protects the eye from foreign bodies and excessive light is called
reflex blinking
The palpebral fissure, which is the space between the eyelids, normally measures
10 mm
Blepharospasm
A condition in which the lids are so
tightly closed they cannot be opened.
Ptosis
Drooping of the upper lid
Ectropion
The eyelid turns outward due to loss
of elasticity of lid tissues.
Entropion
An inward turning of the lids, causing eyelashes to scratch the eye
The muscle responsible for eyelid closure.
is the
orbicularis oculi
The muscle responsible for eyelid retraction
is called the
,levator palpebrae superioris
An internal hordeolum is caused by a blockage of the ________ glands
Meibomian, or tarsal
The mucous membrane that covers the inside of the eyelids and the outside of the globe is known as
the conjunctiva
Inflammation of the conjunctiva membrane is called
conjunctivitis
Goblet cells
Produce oil to protect the eyelashes
from drying out and becoming brittle
lacrimal glands of Krause and Wolfring
Sweat glands found in the lid margin
Glands of Zeiss
Produce mucus to aid in the stability
of tear film
Glands of Moll
Produce the watery layer of the tear
film in conjunction with the lacrimal gland
Name the three layers of tear film
oily layer, watery layer, mucin layer
List four functions of the lacrimal system
1) Wash away debris and cellular waste 2) Transport oxygen to the cornea 3) Inhibit growth of
bacteria, 4) provide a smooth, optically clear corneal surface
Which of the following best represents the
flow of tears
Puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct
The fluids, or "humors," that help maintain
the shape of the eye are
aqueous, vitreous
The function of the cornea is
to focus, or refract, light
The cornea receives oxygen and nutrients
from
,1) the fluid in front of and behind it
2) conjunctival blood vessels
List three conditions that could cause
corneal neovascularization
edema, inflammation, inadequate tear film
oxygen content
Which best describes the layers of the
human cornea
Epithelium, Bowman's membrane,
Stroma, Descemet's membrane, Endothelium
A condition in which the cornea thins and
bulges forward is known as
keratoconus
The medical term for the "white of the eye"
IS
sclera
The term for a pooling of blood between the
conjunctiva and episclera is called
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
The muscle that causes the pupil to constrict in bright light
Sphincter
The muscle that is responsible for opening the pupil in dark conditions
dilator
Describe the two major functions of the
ciliary body
produce aqueous humor; accommodation
When optic nerve damage is present because
the rate of aqueous drainage is not equal to the production of aqueous, the following condition is
diagnosed
glaucoma
The type of drug used to paralyze
accommodation is a
cycloplegic
Loss of focusing ability that relates to the
process of aging is called
presbyopia
, The choroid lies between the _______
and the ________
sclera, retina
The part of the retina that is used when
reading an eye chart is the
macula
The retina is comprised of how many layers?
10
Explain the reason viewing color is more
difficult in dim illumination
Cones, which are responsible for color
discrimination, are stimulated by light
Describe the function of the eye's crystalline
lens
Allows focus on near objects
(accommodation)
Cloudiness of the crystalline lens is known as a
cataract
At what point do the fibers from the nasal
retina of each eye cross in the visual pathway?
chiasm
What type of visual field defect will be
present if damage occurs to the chiasm?
bitemporal hemianopsia
List the six extraocular muscles:
medial rectus, inferior rectus, lateral rectus,
superior rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique
An eye movement in which both eyes move
toward the nose is called
convergence
tasks a Paraoptometric might perform:
1) assist the optometrist 2) supervise the office staff 3) test the visual acuity of a patient 4) order
office supplies 5) collect and record patient data
"To keep the visual welfare of the patient
uppermost at all times" is a statement from the American Optometric Association's what?
100% Verified| 331 Questions and Correct
Answers, Latest Updated 2025/2026.
HIPAA
The government agency that protects the
privacy of patients
Three basic functions of the eyelids are
1) Replenish and spread tear film evenly across the surface of the eye 2) Regulate the amount of tear
fluid in the eyes 3) Protect the eye
Seven bones that form the orbit
Maxilla, Frontal, Zygomatic, Ethmoid,
Lacrimal, Palantine, Sphenoid.
Rapid, forceful closure of the eyelids that
protects the eye from foreign bodies and excessive light is called
reflex blinking
The palpebral fissure, which is the space between the eyelids, normally measures
10 mm
Blepharospasm
A condition in which the lids are so
tightly closed they cannot be opened.
Ptosis
Drooping of the upper lid
Ectropion
The eyelid turns outward due to loss
of elasticity of lid tissues.
Entropion
An inward turning of the lids, causing eyelashes to scratch the eye
The muscle responsible for eyelid closure.
is the
orbicularis oculi
The muscle responsible for eyelid retraction
is called the
,levator palpebrae superioris
An internal hordeolum is caused by a blockage of the ________ glands
Meibomian, or tarsal
The mucous membrane that covers the inside of the eyelids and the outside of the globe is known as
the conjunctiva
Inflammation of the conjunctiva membrane is called
conjunctivitis
Goblet cells
Produce oil to protect the eyelashes
from drying out and becoming brittle
lacrimal glands of Krause and Wolfring
Sweat glands found in the lid margin
Glands of Zeiss
Produce mucus to aid in the stability
of tear film
Glands of Moll
Produce the watery layer of the tear
film in conjunction with the lacrimal gland
Name the three layers of tear film
oily layer, watery layer, mucin layer
List four functions of the lacrimal system
1) Wash away debris and cellular waste 2) Transport oxygen to the cornea 3) Inhibit growth of
bacteria, 4) provide a smooth, optically clear corneal surface
Which of the following best represents the
flow of tears
Puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct
The fluids, or "humors," that help maintain
the shape of the eye are
aqueous, vitreous
The function of the cornea is
to focus, or refract, light
The cornea receives oxygen and nutrients
from
,1) the fluid in front of and behind it
2) conjunctival blood vessels
List three conditions that could cause
corneal neovascularization
edema, inflammation, inadequate tear film
oxygen content
Which best describes the layers of the
human cornea
Epithelium, Bowman's membrane,
Stroma, Descemet's membrane, Endothelium
A condition in which the cornea thins and
bulges forward is known as
keratoconus
The medical term for the "white of the eye"
IS
sclera
The term for a pooling of blood between the
conjunctiva and episclera is called
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
The muscle that causes the pupil to constrict in bright light
Sphincter
The muscle that is responsible for opening the pupil in dark conditions
dilator
Describe the two major functions of the
ciliary body
produce aqueous humor; accommodation
When optic nerve damage is present because
the rate of aqueous drainage is not equal to the production of aqueous, the following condition is
diagnosed
glaucoma
The type of drug used to paralyze
accommodation is a
cycloplegic
Loss of focusing ability that relates to the
process of aging is called
presbyopia
, The choroid lies between the _______
and the ________
sclera, retina
The part of the retina that is used when
reading an eye chart is the
macula
The retina is comprised of how many layers?
10
Explain the reason viewing color is more
difficult in dim illumination
Cones, which are responsible for color
discrimination, are stimulated by light
Describe the function of the eye's crystalline
lens
Allows focus on near objects
(accommodation)
Cloudiness of the crystalline lens is known as a
cataract
At what point do the fibers from the nasal
retina of each eye cross in the visual pathway?
chiasm
What type of visual field defect will be
present if damage occurs to the chiasm?
bitemporal hemianopsia
List the six extraocular muscles:
medial rectus, inferior rectus, lateral rectus,
superior rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique
An eye movement in which both eyes move
toward the nose is called
convergence
tasks a Paraoptometric might perform:
1) assist the optometrist 2) supervise the office staff 3) test the visual acuity of a patient 4) order
office supplies 5) collect and record patient data
"To keep the visual welfare of the patient
uppermost at all times" is a statement from the American Optometric Association's what?
