TEST BANK: DAVIS
ADVANTAGE FOR
TEST BANK FOR DAVIS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND ADVANTAGE FOR
EDITION BY CAPRIOTTI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION
2020 UPDATE
BY CAPRIOTTI
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
NURSINGTB.COM
4. 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
GWU 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
, DAVIS TEST BANK
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During a severe hypoxic state 4. Endoplasmic reticula
4. During the processing of prohormone
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs? 1. Actin and myosin
1. Cilia 2. Prohormone and tubulin
2. Microfilaments 3. Tubulin and actin
3. Secretory vesicles 4. Myosin and prohormone
9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondeNgUraR
deSdIsN
ubGsT
taB
nc.eC
sOacMcumulate in the cells.
12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
involved?
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
, DAVIS TEST BANK DAVIS TEST BANK
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases 4. Microtubules are called actin filaments.
3. The presence of nucleotides 5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon? 1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process.
1. 2 2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
2. 3 3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus.
3. 4 4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus.
4. 5 5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil.
17. Which components form the structure of DNA? 24. Which characteristics are specific to RNA during protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. Nucleotides 1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar
2. Amino acids 2. Presence of single-stranded helix
3. Fatty acids 3. Presence of double-stranded helix
4. Phosphates 4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as a pyrimidine base
18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell 25. Which are the purine bases found in DNA? Select all that apply.
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA 1. Uracil
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell 2. Adenine
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell 3. Guanine
4. Thymine
19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the 5. Cytosine
mechanism of action of the drug?
1. It prevents the replicatioNnUoR
f bSaIctNerGiaT. B.COM NURSINGTB.COM
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. In the ribosomes
2. In the Golgi apparatus
3. In the secretory granules
4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are flexible.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
, DAVIS TEST BANK DAVIS TEST BANK
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness 4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid,
Answer Section which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such
as acidosis.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
1. ANS: 4 3. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell. Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 1 Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump) Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding] Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate Difficulty: Easy
Feedback Feedback
1 This is incorrect. In anaerobic energy metabolism, 2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are
1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
and more soluble to potassium ions. produced.
2 This is incorrect. In active transport, 3 sodium ions are pumped out. This takes
2 This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment. place in the plasma membrane.
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment. NURSINGTB.COM maximum amount of energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs.
4
4 This is incorrect. AerobNiU
cRenSeI
rgN
yGmTeB
ta.
boCliOsm
M produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation 4. ANS: 2
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Page: 3
Page: 3 Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing] Concept: Cellular Regulation
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical-shaped organelles of the
Feedback
1 ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
2 This is correct. Cell types differ in their number of mitochondria according to
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into their energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria
acetyl-coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells
cycle, also called the citric acid cycle. have fewer mitochondria.
3
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is not affected by the cell’s energy needs.
This is incorrect. Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-coenzyme A, not
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double-stranded helical chains
activated.
ADVANTAGE FOR
TEST BANK FOR DAVIS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND ADVANTAGE FOR
EDITION BY CAPRIOTTI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION
2020 UPDATE
BY CAPRIOTTI
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
NURSINGTB.COM
4. 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
GWU 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
, DAVIS TEST BANK
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During a severe hypoxic state 4. Endoplasmic reticula
4. During the processing of prohormone
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs? 1. Actin and myosin
1. Cilia 2. Prohormone and tubulin
2. Microfilaments 3. Tubulin and actin
3. Secretory vesicles 4. Myosin and prohormone
9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondeNgUraR
deSdIsN
ubGsT
taB
nc.eC
sOacMcumulate in the cells.
12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
involved?
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
, DAVIS TEST BANK DAVIS TEST BANK
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases 4. Microtubules are called actin filaments.
3. The presence of nucleotides 5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon? 1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process.
1. 2 2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
2. 3 3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus.
3. 4 4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus.
4. 5 5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil.
17. Which components form the structure of DNA? 24. Which characteristics are specific to RNA during protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. Nucleotides 1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar
2. Amino acids 2. Presence of single-stranded helix
3. Fatty acids 3. Presence of double-stranded helix
4. Phosphates 4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as a pyrimidine base
18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell 25. Which are the purine bases found in DNA? Select all that apply.
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA 1. Uracil
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell 2. Adenine
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell 3. Guanine
4. Thymine
19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the 5. Cytosine
mechanism of action of the drug?
1. It prevents the replicatioNnUoR
f bSaIctNerGiaT. B.COM NURSINGTB.COM
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. In the ribosomes
2. In the Golgi apparatus
3. In the secretory granules
4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are flexible.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
, DAVIS TEST BANK DAVIS TEST BANK
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness 4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid,
Answer Section which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such
as acidosis.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
1. ANS: 4 3. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell. Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 1 Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump) Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding] Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate Difficulty: Easy
Feedback Feedback
1 This is incorrect. In anaerobic energy metabolism, 2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are
1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
and more soluble to potassium ions. produced.
2 This is incorrect. In active transport, 3 sodium ions are pumped out. This takes
2 This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment. place in the plasma membrane.
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment. NURSINGTB.COM maximum amount of energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs.
4
4 This is incorrect. AerobNiU
cRenSeI
rgN
yGmTeB
ta.
boCliOsm
M produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation 4. ANS: 2
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Page: 3
Page: 3 Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing] Concept: Cellular Regulation
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical-shaped organelles of the
Feedback
1 ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
2 This is correct. Cell types differ in their number of mitochondria according to
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into their energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria
acetyl-coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells
cycle, also called the citric acid cycle. have fewer mitochondria.
3
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is not affected by the cell’s energy needs.
This is incorrect. Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-coenzyme A, not
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double-stranded helical chains
activated.
