ACCS Study guide UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWER - Vasodilator
- Indication: angina pectoris (sublingual)
decreases PVR, BP, & PAP
Propanolol - CORRECT ANSWER - Beta Blocker
Indication- Tachyarrhythmias, reentry, anti-ischemic effects
Decreases HR
Effective in pt's w/ sustained tachyarrhytmias
Lidocaine - CORRECT ANSWER - TX of ventricular arrhythmias, MI, digoxin toxicity
- Vasodilator
- decreases HR, treats PVC's
Digitalis - CORRECT ANSWER - Anti-rhythmic (slows AV conduction in afib & flutter)
- treats chf
- use in patients w/ R heart failure (watch for increased CVP's)
*may cause hyperkalemia
Labetolol - CORRECT ANSWER - Used to treat arrhytmias, post MI, angina, acute HTN
- decreases BP & HR
- Beta blocker
Epinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER - Vasopressor
- indications include cardiac arrest, asystole
increases HR & BP
,Widely used during CPR
Can also be used for anaphylaxis and upper airway edema
Atropine - CORRECT ANSWER - treats bradycardia
- used for reversal of anticholinergic MG crisis
Adenosine - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats supraventricular tachycardia
Nitric Oxide (iNO) - CORRECT ANSWER - Improves oxygenation and acts as a PA
vasodilator
- initial dose 20-40 ppm
(should not exceed 80 ppm)
May cause methehemoglobin levels to rise
Epoprostenol Sodium (Flolan) - CORRECT ANSWER - Indications: ARDS, refractory
hypoxemia, cardiac surgery associated pulm HTN
May cause hypoTN and tachycardia
-can also be known as prostacyclin or PG12
-Given aersolized or IV
Sildenafil - CORRECT ANSWER - - AKA Viagra/Revatio
Decreases PAP & PVR
Dexmedetomidine - CORRECT ANSWER - - Precedex
Non-Benzo sedation
Short acting (10 mins0
Side effects: Hypo/HyperTN & A fib
,Propofol - CORRECT ANSWER - Diprivan
Non-Benzo Sedation
- Commonly used as induction agent in RSI
-Short life, fast acting (good for weaning off MV.)
-May Cause HYPOtension.
What other drug would the ACCS consider instead of Propofol for RSI? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Etomidate
- Does not cause hypoTN, but may cause adrenal suppression
Nembutal - CORRECT ANSWER - - Phenobarbital
Barbituate
- Strong sedative
- Decreases ICP (used in ICPs > 26)
Acenctine - CORRECT ANSWER - Succinylcholine
- Depolarizing agent
- Rapid onset, short duration
Potentional S/E include increased potassium and malignant hyperthermia
DO NOT USE Succinylcholine is patients who are... - CORRECT ANSWER --
Hyperkalemic
- Burn pt's
- Mallampati >3
- Acute Brain Injuries
If patient has any of these, consider using Non-Depolarizing agents
Rocuronium - CORRECT ANSWER - NON-depolarizing
, rapid onset/intermediate duration
- Reversd by Sugammadex (Bridon) based on actual body weight
- not recommended in pt's w/ renal failure requiring dialysis
Which paralytic is the best alternative when succs is contraindicated? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Rocuronium
Anticholinesterase reverses what drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER - Edrophonium,
Pyridostigmine, neostigmine
Anticholinergics reverse what drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER - Atropine & Gycopyrrolate
What Selective Relaxant Binding Agent (SRBA) reverses Vec & Roc? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Suggammadedx
- Brand name Bridion
What drug reverses narcotics/opioids? - CORRECT ANSWER - Narcan (Nalaxone)
s/e include HTN & tachycardia
what drug reverses Benzos? - CORRECT ANSWER - Flumazenil (Romazixon)
S/E: Resp depression, somnolence, and hypoTN.
Dobutamine - CORRECT ANSWER - Used for tx of L Ventricular dysfunction
- increases CO & HR
- Used as systemic vasodilator to hypertensive states
Dopamine - CORRECT ANSWER - Increases HR & BP
Indications include shock & HypoTN
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWER - Vasodilator
- Indication: angina pectoris (sublingual)
decreases PVR, BP, & PAP
Propanolol - CORRECT ANSWER - Beta Blocker
Indication- Tachyarrhythmias, reentry, anti-ischemic effects
Decreases HR
Effective in pt's w/ sustained tachyarrhytmias
Lidocaine - CORRECT ANSWER - TX of ventricular arrhythmias, MI, digoxin toxicity
- Vasodilator
- decreases HR, treats PVC's
Digitalis - CORRECT ANSWER - Anti-rhythmic (slows AV conduction in afib & flutter)
- treats chf
- use in patients w/ R heart failure (watch for increased CVP's)
*may cause hyperkalemia
Labetolol - CORRECT ANSWER - Used to treat arrhytmias, post MI, angina, acute HTN
- decreases BP & HR
- Beta blocker
Epinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER - Vasopressor
- indications include cardiac arrest, asystole
increases HR & BP
,Widely used during CPR
Can also be used for anaphylaxis and upper airway edema
Atropine - CORRECT ANSWER - treats bradycardia
- used for reversal of anticholinergic MG crisis
Adenosine - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats supraventricular tachycardia
Nitric Oxide (iNO) - CORRECT ANSWER - Improves oxygenation and acts as a PA
vasodilator
- initial dose 20-40 ppm
(should not exceed 80 ppm)
May cause methehemoglobin levels to rise
Epoprostenol Sodium (Flolan) - CORRECT ANSWER - Indications: ARDS, refractory
hypoxemia, cardiac surgery associated pulm HTN
May cause hypoTN and tachycardia
-can also be known as prostacyclin or PG12
-Given aersolized or IV
Sildenafil - CORRECT ANSWER - - AKA Viagra/Revatio
Decreases PAP & PVR
Dexmedetomidine - CORRECT ANSWER - - Precedex
Non-Benzo sedation
Short acting (10 mins0
Side effects: Hypo/HyperTN & A fib
,Propofol - CORRECT ANSWER - Diprivan
Non-Benzo Sedation
- Commonly used as induction agent in RSI
-Short life, fast acting (good for weaning off MV.)
-May Cause HYPOtension.
What other drug would the ACCS consider instead of Propofol for RSI? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Etomidate
- Does not cause hypoTN, but may cause adrenal suppression
Nembutal - CORRECT ANSWER - - Phenobarbital
Barbituate
- Strong sedative
- Decreases ICP (used in ICPs > 26)
Acenctine - CORRECT ANSWER - Succinylcholine
- Depolarizing agent
- Rapid onset, short duration
Potentional S/E include increased potassium and malignant hyperthermia
DO NOT USE Succinylcholine is patients who are... - CORRECT ANSWER --
Hyperkalemic
- Burn pt's
- Mallampati >3
- Acute Brain Injuries
If patient has any of these, consider using Non-Depolarizing agents
Rocuronium - CORRECT ANSWER - NON-depolarizing
, rapid onset/intermediate duration
- Reversd by Sugammadex (Bridon) based on actual body weight
- not recommended in pt's w/ renal failure requiring dialysis
Which paralytic is the best alternative when succs is contraindicated? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Rocuronium
Anticholinesterase reverses what drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER - Edrophonium,
Pyridostigmine, neostigmine
Anticholinergics reverse what drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER - Atropine & Gycopyrrolate
What Selective Relaxant Binding Agent (SRBA) reverses Vec & Roc? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Suggammadedx
- Brand name Bridion
What drug reverses narcotics/opioids? - CORRECT ANSWER - Narcan (Nalaxone)
s/e include HTN & tachycardia
what drug reverses Benzos? - CORRECT ANSWER - Flumazenil (Romazixon)
S/E: Resp depression, somnolence, and hypoTN.
Dobutamine - CORRECT ANSWER - Used for tx of L Ventricular dysfunction
- increases CO & HR
- Used as systemic vasodilator to hypertensive states
Dopamine - CORRECT ANSWER - Increases HR & BP
Indications include shock & HypoTN
