BIOD331
Mechanisms of Self Defense Immunity &
Dysfunctions
Final Test Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is a primary function of the innate
immune system?
- A. Production of antibodies
- B. Recognition of specific antigens
- C. Inflammatory response
- D. Immunological memory
- ANS: C. Inflammatory response
©2025
, - Rationale: The innate immune system provides immediate
defense through mechanisms like the inflammatory response,
which is not specific to particular antigens.
2. Which type of cell is primarily responsible for the production
of antibodies?
- A. T cells
- B. B cells
- C. Macrophages
- D. Dendritic cells
- ANS: B. B cells
- Rationale: B cells, when activated, differentiate into plasma
cells that produce antibodies specific to antigens.
3. What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T
cells)?
- A. Activating macrophages
- B. Presenting antigens
- C. Destroying infected or cancerous cells
- D. Producing cytokines
- ANS: C. Destroying infected or cancerous cells
©2025
, - Rationale: Cytotoxic T cells recognize and eliminate cells
infected with viruses or displaying abnormal cancer antigens.
4. Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in body secretions
such as saliva and mucous?
- A. IgG
- B. IgA
- C. IgM
- D. IgE
- ANS: B. IgA
- Rationale: IgA is the primary immunoglobulin found in
mucous membranes and body secretions, providing localized
immune protection.
5. Which autoimmune disorder is characterized by the
production of autoantibodies against the myelin sheath?
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Systemic lupus erythematosus
- C. Multiple sclerosis
- D. Graves' disease
- ANS: C. Multiple sclerosis
©2025
, - Rationale: Multiple sclerosis involves the immune system
attacking the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers, leading to
neurological dysfunction.
Fill-in-the-Blank
6. ______ ______ is the process by which a pathogen is coated
with antibodies, enhancing its recognition and ingestion by
phagocytes.
- ANS: Opsonization
- Rationale: Opsonization marks pathogens with antibodies,
making them more recognizable and ingestible by phagocytes.
7. The ______ ______ ______ is a set of proteins that enhances
the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.
- ANS: Complement system
- Rationale: The complement system consists of proteins that
enhance immune responses, including the lysis of pathogens and
the promotion of phagocytosis.
8. ______ is an immunological reaction that occurs when the
immune system overreacts to harmless substances such as pollen
or food.
- ANS: Allergy
©2025
Mechanisms of Self Defense Immunity &
Dysfunctions
Final Test Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is a primary function of the innate
immune system?
- A. Production of antibodies
- B. Recognition of specific antigens
- C. Inflammatory response
- D. Immunological memory
- ANS: C. Inflammatory response
©2025
, - Rationale: The innate immune system provides immediate
defense through mechanisms like the inflammatory response,
which is not specific to particular antigens.
2. Which type of cell is primarily responsible for the production
of antibodies?
- A. T cells
- B. B cells
- C. Macrophages
- D. Dendritic cells
- ANS: B. B cells
- Rationale: B cells, when activated, differentiate into plasma
cells that produce antibodies specific to antigens.
3. What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T
cells)?
- A. Activating macrophages
- B. Presenting antigens
- C. Destroying infected or cancerous cells
- D. Producing cytokines
- ANS: C. Destroying infected or cancerous cells
©2025
, - Rationale: Cytotoxic T cells recognize and eliminate cells
infected with viruses or displaying abnormal cancer antigens.
4. Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in body secretions
such as saliva and mucous?
- A. IgG
- B. IgA
- C. IgM
- D. IgE
- ANS: B. IgA
- Rationale: IgA is the primary immunoglobulin found in
mucous membranes and body secretions, providing localized
immune protection.
5. Which autoimmune disorder is characterized by the
production of autoantibodies against the myelin sheath?
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Systemic lupus erythematosus
- C. Multiple sclerosis
- D. Graves' disease
- ANS: C. Multiple sclerosis
©2025
, - Rationale: Multiple sclerosis involves the immune system
attacking the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers, leading to
neurological dysfunction.
Fill-in-the-Blank
6. ______ ______ is the process by which a pathogen is coated
with antibodies, enhancing its recognition and ingestion by
phagocytes.
- ANS: Opsonization
- Rationale: Opsonization marks pathogens with antibodies,
making them more recognizable and ingestible by phagocytes.
7. The ______ ______ ______ is a set of proteins that enhances
the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.
- ANS: Complement system
- Rationale: The complement system consists of proteins that
enhance immune responses, including the lysis of pathogens and
the promotion of phagocytosis.
8. ______ is an immunological reaction that occurs when the
immune system overreacts to harmless substances such as pollen
or food.
- ANS: Allergy
©2025
