NAVLE Practice
A two-year-old Angus cow is presented with weakness of the hind
limbs and agait. On physical exam, the heart rate and respiratory rate
staggering
are slow and
irregular, and the pupils are dilated. The cow's breath and urine smell like
the odor
mouse of Suddenly the cow's pulse becomes rapid and thready, she
urine.
collapses,
dies and respiratory failure. Which one of the following plants is
of apparent
most caused
have likely tothis spectrum of clinical
signs?
A - Pinus ponderosa (Western yellow
pine)
B - Veratrum spp (False hellebore, Skunk
cabbage)
C - Centaurea spp (Knapweed, Yellow star
thistle)
D - Conium maculatum (Poison
hemlock)
E - Tetradymia spp (Horsebrush) correct answersD - Conium
maculatum (Poison
hemloc
k)
You are presented a healthy ten-year-old maiden mare for breeding
evaluation
January in
in North America. On rectal palpation, both ovaries have multiple,
small15
than (less
mm) follicles and no corpus lutea. The uterus is flaccid with no
edema.
one of theWhich
following choices is the most likely explanation of the findings in
this mare?
A - Seasonal
anestrus
B - The mare is in
diestrus
C - Estrus has just
passed
D - Early
pregnancy
E - The mare is too old and now is infertile correct answersA - Seasonal
anestrus
A five-month-old Yorkshire terrier is presented with ataxia in all four
limbs and neck
pain. There is loss of conscious proprioception in all four limbs. A
radiograph of the
cervical spine is shown below. Which one of the following choices is the
most likely
A - Atlantoaxial
diagnosis
B
instability
? - Caudal occipital
malformation
C - Intervertebral disk
disease
D-
Discospondylitis
E - Spina bifida correct answersA - Atlantoaxial
instability
An 11-year-old male, neutered Cavalier King Charles spaniel is
presented
episode of for an collapse with inability to support himself on the hind
acute
limbs and
disorientation. Based on the radiographs and history, which one of the
following
would be tests
next
indicated?
,A - Magnetic resonance
imaging
B - Edrophonium challenge
test
C-
Myelography
D-
Bronchoscopy
E - Echocardiography correct answersE -
Echocardiography
An eight-year-old dog is found recumbent and non-responsive in a horse
pasture.
left pupil His
is small, the right one is moderately dilated but responds to
light. The
upper right
eyelid and lip are droopy, hanging lower than normal. Head trauma is
suspected.
The mucous membranes are pale pink, capillary refill time is 1-2
seconds.
T= 98.7°F, (37.0°C) [N 100-102.5°F, 37.8-
39.2°C]
HR=56 [N 90-160
beats/min]
The respiratory rate and pattern are quite variable. He breathes fast and
deep for then
breaths, 5-6 more slowly and shallowly, then is apneic for 10 seconds.
The pattern
repeats over and over. What is this respiratory
pattern?
A-
Orthopnea
B - Cheyne-Stokes
breathing
C - Apneustic respiration
pattern
D - Agonal
respiration
E - Kussmaul pattern correct answersB - Cheyne-Stokes
breathing
A seven-year-old cat is presented with miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, and
protruded
nictitating membrane involving the left eye. These signs are caused by
DAMAGE
which onetoof the following innervation
pathways?
A - Right trigeminal innervation to
the
B eye parasympathetic innervation to
- Right
the
C eye oculomotor innervation to
- Left
the
D - Left
eye sympathetic innervation to
the
E eye vagal innervation to the eye correct answersD - Left sympathetic
- Right
innervation to
the
eye
A flock of sheep has been grazing on Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass),
Tetradymia
spp. (horsebrush) and Artemisia nova (black sage). Many of the exposed
animals especially
edema, have in their heads. This lamb has edema around the eyes
and the
show ears
hyperkeratinized tissue. What is the photosensitizing agent
responsible for this
condition
?
A - Tetradymia
spp.
B-
Chlorophyll
C-
Phylloerythrin
D - Artemisia
nova
E - Bile acids correct answersC -
Phylloerythrin
, A young adult dairy cow is presented for evaluation in Minnesota in
February. She
multifocal, has
nonpruritic, circular, alopecic, and gray-white crusty lesions,
mainly
the head affecting
and neck. Several other herdmates are similarly affected, with
the chest
lesions and
also onlimbs. What is the most common way to address this
condition?
A - Cull the worst-affected
cows
B - Oral
griseofulvin
C - Parenteral
oxytetracycline
D - Pour-on
doramectin
E - No treatment correct answersE - No
treatment
What is the purpose of placing a permanent rumen fistula in
some cattle?
A - This procedure is not done on a permanent basis
in -cows
B Allow for direct administration of medications into rumen
long-term
C - Manage vagal indigestion in the fistulated
animal
D - Create transfaunation
donors
E - Treat traumatic reticuloperitonitis in the fistulated animal correct
answersD - Create
transfaunation
donors
Which one of the following choices includes the cardinal sign of
trigeminal neuritis?
A - Masseter muscle pain associated with
chewing
B - Circling and head tilt toward side of lesion, no
other
C signs
- Dysphagia, dysphonia and
stridor
D - Inability to close the
mouth
E - Paralyzed eyelid, ear or lip on one or both sides of the face correct
answersD
Inability to-close the
mouth
Two calves aged eight weeks are presented that are both down and
extremely
They are depressed
weak. and lying in pools of foul-smelling brown diarrhea
with a small
amount of blood. One other calf died suddenly the night before with no signs
at all.
are Theyto be dehydrated, with rectal temperatures of 105.2 and 105.6
found
F (40.7 40.9
C)..[N=101.5-103.5F, N=37.8-39.7 C], respectively. Based on the condition at
top of
the differential diagnosis list, what is the
treatment plan?
A - Immunize well and sick calves and adult cattle with MLV vaccine,
calve
antibiotics for sick
s
B - NSAIDS, antibiotics in feed and
water
C - IV fluids, NSAIDS, fequent milk feeding, antibiotics
if septic
D - Cull sick calves, disinfect feeding areas, prophylactic antibiotics and
NSAIDs for well
animal
s
E - Isolate sick calves, immunize, antibiotics, cull those that do not respond
to treatment
correct answersC - IV fluids, NSAIDS, fequent milk feeding,
antibiotics if septic
What kind of organism causes equine granulocytic
ehrlichiosis?
A two-year-old Angus cow is presented with weakness of the hind
limbs and agait. On physical exam, the heart rate and respiratory rate
staggering
are slow and
irregular, and the pupils are dilated. The cow's breath and urine smell like
the odor
mouse of Suddenly the cow's pulse becomes rapid and thready, she
urine.
collapses,
dies and respiratory failure. Which one of the following plants is
of apparent
most caused
have likely tothis spectrum of clinical
signs?
A - Pinus ponderosa (Western yellow
pine)
B - Veratrum spp (False hellebore, Skunk
cabbage)
C - Centaurea spp (Knapweed, Yellow star
thistle)
D - Conium maculatum (Poison
hemlock)
E - Tetradymia spp (Horsebrush) correct answersD - Conium
maculatum (Poison
hemloc
k)
You are presented a healthy ten-year-old maiden mare for breeding
evaluation
January in
in North America. On rectal palpation, both ovaries have multiple,
small15
than (less
mm) follicles and no corpus lutea. The uterus is flaccid with no
edema.
one of theWhich
following choices is the most likely explanation of the findings in
this mare?
A - Seasonal
anestrus
B - The mare is in
diestrus
C - Estrus has just
passed
D - Early
pregnancy
E - The mare is too old and now is infertile correct answersA - Seasonal
anestrus
A five-month-old Yorkshire terrier is presented with ataxia in all four
limbs and neck
pain. There is loss of conscious proprioception in all four limbs. A
radiograph of the
cervical spine is shown below. Which one of the following choices is the
most likely
A - Atlantoaxial
diagnosis
B
instability
? - Caudal occipital
malformation
C - Intervertebral disk
disease
D-
Discospondylitis
E - Spina bifida correct answersA - Atlantoaxial
instability
An 11-year-old male, neutered Cavalier King Charles spaniel is
presented
episode of for an collapse with inability to support himself on the hind
acute
limbs and
disorientation. Based on the radiographs and history, which one of the
following
would be tests
next
indicated?
,A - Magnetic resonance
imaging
B - Edrophonium challenge
test
C-
Myelography
D-
Bronchoscopy
E - Echocardiography correct answersE -
Echocardiography
An eight-year-old dog is found recumbent and non-responsive in a horse
pasture.
left pupil His
is small, the right one is moderately dilated but responds to
light. The
upper right
eyelid and lip are droopy, hanging lower than normal. Head trauma is
suspected.
The mucous membranes are pale pink, capillary refill time is 1-2
seconds.
T= 98.7°F, (37.0°C) [N 100-102.5°F, 37.8-
39.2°C]
HR=56 [N 90-160
beats/min]
The respiratory rate and pattern are quite variable. He breathes fast and
deep for then
breaths, 5-6 more slowly and shallowly, then is apneic for 10 seconds.
The pattern
repeats over and over. What is this respiratory
pattern?
A-
Orthopnea
B - Cheyne-Stokes
breathing
C - Apneustic respiration
pattern
D - Agonal
respiration
E - Kussmaul pattern correct answersB - Cheyne-Stokes
breathing
A seven-year-old cat is presented with miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, and
protruded
nictitating membrane involving the left eye. These signs are caused by
DAMAGE
which onetoof the following innervation
pathways?
A - Right trigeminal innervation to
the
B eye parasympathetic innervation to
- Right
the
C eye oculomotor innervation to
- Left
the
D - Left
eye sympathetic innervation to
the
E eye vagal innervation to the eye correct answersD - Left sympathetic
- Right
innervation to
the
eye
A flock of sheep has been grazing on Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass),
Tetradymia
spp. (horsebrush) and Artemisia nova (black sage). Many of the exposed
animals especially
edema, have in their heads. This lamb has edema around the eyes
and the
show ears
hyperkeratinized tissue. What is the photosensitizing agent
responsible for this
condition
?
A - Tetradymia
spp.
B-
Chlorophyll
C-
Phylloerythrin
D - Artemisia
nova
E - Bile acids correct answersC -
Phylloerythrin
, A young adult dairy cow is presented for evaluation in Minnesota in
February. She
multifocal, has
nonpruritic, circular, alopecic, and gray-white crusty lesions,
mainly
the head affecting
and neck. Several other herdmates are similarly affected, with
the chest
lesions and
also onlimbs. What is the most common way to address this
condition?
A - Cull the worst-affected
cows
B - Oral
griseofulvin
C - Parenteral
oxytetracycline
D - Pour-on
doramectin
E - No treatment correct answersE - No
treatment
What is the purpose of placing a permanent rumen fistula in
some cattle?
A - This procedure is not done on a permanent basis
in -cows
B Allow for direct administration of medications into rumen
long-term
C - Manage vagal indigestion in the fistulated
animal
D - Create transfaunation
donors
E - Treat traumatic reticuloperitonitis in the fistulated animal correct
answersD - Create
transfaunation
donors
Which one of the following choices includes the cardinal sign of
trigeminal neuritis?
A - Masseter muscle pain associated with
chewing
B - Circling and head tilt toward side of lesion, no
other
C signs
- Dysphagia, dysphonia and
stridor
D - Inability to close the
mouth
E - Paralyzed eyelid, ear or lip on one or both sides of the face correct
answersD
Inability to-close the
mouth
Two calves aged eight weeks are presented that are both down and
extremely
They are depressed
weak. and lying in pools of foul-smelling brown diarrhea
with a small
amount of blood. One other calf died suddenly the night before with no signs
at all.
are Theyto be dehydrated, with rectal temperatures of 105.2 and 105.6
found
F (40.7 40.9
C)..[N=101.5-103.5F, N=37.8-39.7 C], respectively. Based on the condition at
top of
the differential diagnosis list, what is the
treatment plan?
A - Immunize well and sick calves and adult cattle with MLV vaccine,
calve
antibiotics for sick
s
B - NSAIDS, antibiotics in feed and
water
C - IV fluids, NSAIDS, fequent milk feeding, antibiotics
if septic
D - Cull sick calves, disinfect feeding areas, prophylactic antibiotics and
NSAIDs for well
animal
s
E - Isolate sick calves, immunize, antibiotics, cull those that do not respond
to treatment
correct answersC - IV fluids, NSAIDS, fequent milk feeding,
antibiotics if septic
What kind of organism causes equine granulocytic
ehrlichiosis?
