NR546 Week 6 2024/2025 Exam
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Substance Use Disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Occurs when the recurrent use
of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically significant
impairment, including health problems, disability, or failure to meet
responsibilities at home, work, or school.
When does drug use typically begin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Adolescence
Common Comorbidities of substance use disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Anxiety
disorders
depression
bipolar disorder
psychotic illness
borderline personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder
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,Neurological basis: Genetic factors of SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔40-60% of a
client's vulnerability to substance use disorders may be attributed to
genetic factors
Vulnerability involves complex interactions between multiple genetic
factors/.
Genetic involvement may impact an individual's experience of a drug as
pleasurable or not or how long a drug remains in the body.
Epigenetic factors in SUD` - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔influence whether genes
associated with substance use disorder are activated
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy in SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Brain circuits
that mediate reward, impulse control, decision making, learning, and
emotions play a role in substance use disorder.
Mesolimbic Dopamine pathway in SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔has been
identified as the key pathway that mediates reward.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Connects the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain to the ventral striatum
of the basal ganglia.
The pathway begins in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and connects to
the ventral striatum/nucleus
Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Mesolimbic
pathway is most associated with reward. Drugs and alcohol act directly on
brain receptors leading to a release of dopamine.
As substance use increases, brain circuits adapt by reducing sensitivity to
dopamine, leading to tolerance and the need to increase use of a
substance to achieve the same high.
Neurological Basis: Neural Signaling - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Dopamine is
responsible for regulating the brain's motivation, pleasure, and reward
center.
Dopamine is release in response to natural pleasurable activities or
situations such as achieving an accomplishment, enjoying a good meal. or
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, participating in an athletic activity. Addictive drugs cause a surge of
dopamine in the ventral striatum or nucleus accumbens.
Repeated use can lead to changes in brain circuitry leading to craving,
addiction, dependence, withdrawal.
What neurotransmitter is the target when treating SUD? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Dopamine.
Tolerance - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔With repeated ingestion of a drug, the drug
shows decreased effect. Increasing doses are required to achieve the
effects noted with the original administration
Dependence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔State of adaption produced with repeated
administration of certain drugs so that physical symptoms occur when the
drug is discontinued abruptly.
Addiction - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A change in behavior caused by biochemical
changes in the brain after continued substance use characterized by
preoccupation with and repeated use of a substance despite negative
outcomes.
Withdrawal - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Physiological and psychological reactions that
occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Detailed Answers | Get it
100% Correct Answers
Substance Use Disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Occurs when the recurrent use
of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically significant
impairment, including health problems, disability, or failure to meet
responsibilities at home, work, or school.
When does drug use typically begin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Adolescence
Common Comorbidities of substance use disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Anxiety
disorders
depression
bipolar disorder
psychotic illness
borderline personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Neurological basis: Genetic factors of SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔40-60% of a
client's vulnerability to substance use disorders may be attributed to
genetic factors
Vulnerability involves complex interactions between multiple genetic
factors/.
Genetic involvement may impact an individual's experience of a drug as
pleasurable or not or how long a drug remains in the body.
Epigenetic factors in SUD` - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔influence whether genes
associated with substance use disorder are activated
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy in SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Brain circuits
that mediate reward, impulse control, decision making, learning, and
emotions play a role in substance use disorder.
Mesolimbic Dopamine pathway in SUD - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔has been
identified as the key pathway that mediates reward.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Connects the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain to the ventral striatum
of the basal ganglia.
The pathway begins in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and connects to
the ventral striatum/nucleus
Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Mesolimbic
pathway is most associated with reward. Drugs and alcohol act directly on
brain receptors leading to a release of dopamine.
As substance use increases, brain circuits adapt by reducing sensitivity to
dopamine, leading to tolerance and the need to increase use of a
substance to achieve the same high.
Neurological Basis: Neural Signaling - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Dopamine is
responsible for regulating the brain's motivation, pleasure, and reward
center.
Dopamine is release in response to natural pleasurable activities or
situations such as achieving an accomplishment, enjoying a good meal. or
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, participating in an athletic activity. Addictive drugs cause a surge of
dopamine in the ventral striatum or nucleus accumbens.
Repeated use can lead to changes in brain circuitry leading to craving,
addiction, dependence, withdrawal.
What neurotransmitter is the target when treating SUD? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Dopamine.
Tolerance - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔With repeated ingestion of a drug, the drug
shows decreased effect. Increasing doses are required to achieve the
effects noted with the original administration
Dependence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔State of adaption produced with repeated
administration of certain drugs so that physical symptoms occur when the
drug is discontinued abruptly.
Addiction - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A change in behavior caused by biochemical
changes in the brain after continued substance use characterized by
preoccupation with and repeated use of a substance despite negative
outcomes.
Withdrawal - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Physiological and psychological reactions that
occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
