©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
NUR 3225 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Alarm Reaction - Answer✔Alarm Reaction
o Flight or fight response
o Physiologic changes
o ↑secretion of corticosteroids (adrenal cortex)
o ↑SNS activity
o ↑norepinephrine (adrenal medulla)
o Low resistance to stressor
Stage of Resistance - Answer✔Stage of Resistance
o Adapting
o ↑Resistance to stressor (resources
o are mobilized)
o Physiologic changes
o Corticosteroids back to normal
o SNS normalizes
o Norepinephrine normalizes
o Flight/fight disappears
o High resistance to stressor
Stage of Resistance - Answer✔Stage of Exhaustion
o Final stage
o Adaptation unsuccessful
o All energy expended
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Mild alarm s/s may be seen
o Illness/death
o May be reversed by external sources (medications)
Given a patient undergoing stress, the student will be able to develop an individualized nursing
plan of care to include traditional, complementary, alternative, and mind-body interventions to
assist in the reduction of stress. - Answer✔Relaxation Strategies
• Relaxation Breathing: can be performed while sitting, standing, or lying down.
o Useful during a stressful or anxious situation to reduce stress.
o Take 10 breaths each session and use the 4x4 method.
• Meditation: is a state of being with increased concentration and awareness.
o Helps to reorient the brain from a stressful fight or flight mode to one of acceptance.
o Practice in a quiet place free from distractions
• Imagery: The use of one's mind to generate images that have a calming effect on the body.
COMPLEMENTARY/ ALTERNATIVE THERAPY
• ST. JOHNS WORT - DEPRESSION
• YOGA - GENERAL WELL BEING
• KAVA - ANXIETY
• Music: help achieve relaxation and bring about healthy changes in emotional or physical
states.
• Massage: Another important relaxation strategy that involves the systemic manipulation of
the soft tissue of the body to reduce tension and enhance health and healing.
Given a person undergoing stress, the student will be able to identify and describe coping
methods and patterns and determine whether or not each is effective or destructive. -
Answer✔Coping is a person's cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage stressors that seem to
exceed available resources.
o Positive coping includes activities such as exercise and spending time with friends and family.
o Negative coping may include substance abuse and denial.
o Emotion-focused coping involves managing the emotions that an individual feels when a
stressful even occurs (Example: Discussing feelings with a friend or taking a hot bath)
2
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Primary purpose is to help decrease negative emotions and create a feeling of well-being.
o Problem-focused coping involves attempts to resolve the problems causing the stress.
(Example: Setting priorities or collecting information and seeking advice)
o If a problem can be changed or controlled, this is the most helpful way
The student will be able to develop and implement an individual teaching plan for the patient
with stress.
Nursing Management - Answer✔1. Assessment:
Patient
Family
How/why do we consider the nurse well placed to recognize and intervene with patients and
families experiencing ↑ stress?
Sodium (Na+) - Answer✔135 - 145 mEq/L
Potassium (K+) - Answer✔3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
Calcium - Answer✔8.5 - 10.5 mg/dL
Magnesium - Answer✔1.6 - 2.2 mEq/L
Phosphate - Answer✔3 - 4 mg/dL
Hypo/Hyperosmolar Imbalances - Answer✔• Fluid volume deficit: Too much sodium, not
enough water. Sodium above 145, shiny skin, hypotonic solution 0.45 NS with IV diuretics to get
rid of sodium may have circulation problem
• Fluid volume excess: weight gain, crackles in the lungs (fluid in alveolar space) give patient
diuretics (Lasix) to lose fluid, decrease sodium and potassium, put pt on fluid restriction
• Ratio of Na+ to water
• Problem within cell itself (ICF)
• Hypo-osmolar imbalance
o Water intoxication
o Low serum Na+
• Hyper-osmolar imbalance
o Elevated serum Na+
Hypoosmolar Imbalance - Answer✔• Etiology
o Psychogenic polydipsia
3
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Over administration of hypotonic fluids
o Increased ADH
• Pathophysiology
o H2O moves from extracellular space to cell
o Cell swells
o Cell may rupture
• Clinical picture
o Mental status changes
Brain cells swell
Increased ICP
o - Answer✔Serum osmolality < 285 mOsm/L
• Treatment
o Water restriction
o Diuretics
Hyperosmolar Imbalance - Answer✔• Etiology
o Water lost out of proportion to electrolytes
o Solutes taken in without sufficient water
• Pathophysiology
o Water lost
Hyperventilation
Excess secretions (GI, diarrhea, trach, etc.)
Fever (insensible)
Kidneys unable to concentrate urine
• Pathophysiology
4
NUR 3225 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Alarm Reaction - Answer✔Alarm Reaction
o Flight or fight response
o Physiologic changes
o ↑secretion of corticosteroids (adrenal cortex)
o ↑SNS activity
o ↑norepinephrine (adrenal medulla)
o Low resistance to stressor
Stage of Resistance - Answer✔Stage of Resistance
o Adapting
o ↑Resistance to stressor (resources
o are mobilized)
o Physiologic changes
o Corticosteroids back to normal
o SNS normalizes
o Norepinephrine normalizes
o Flight/fight disappears
o High resistance to stressor
Stage of Resistance - Answer✔Stage of Exhaustion
o Final stage
o Adaptation unsuccessful
o All energy expended
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Mild alarm s/s may be seen
o Illness/death
o May be reversed by external sources (medications)
Given a patient undergoing stress, the student will be able to develop an individualized nursing
plan of care to include traditional, complementary, alternative, and mind-body interventions to
assist in the reduction of stress. - Answer✔Relaxation Strategies
• Relaxation Breathing: can be performed while sitting, standing, or lying down.
o Useful during a stressful or anxious situation to reduce stress.
o Take 10 breaths each session and use the 4x4 method.
• Meditation: is a state of being with increased concentration and awareness.
o Helps to reorient the brain from a stressful fight or flight mode to one of acceptance.
o Practice in a quiet place free from distractions
• Imagery: The use of one's mind to generate images that have a calming effect on the body.
COMPLEMENTARY/ ALTERNATIVE THERAPY
• ST. JOHNS WORT - DEPRESSION
• YOGA - GENERAL WELL BEING
• KAVA - ANXIETY
• Music: help achieve relaxation and bring about healthy changes in emotional or physical
states.
• Massage: Another important relaxation strategy that involves the systemic manipulation of
the soft tissue of the body to reduce tension and enhance health and healing.
Given a person undergoing stress, the student will be able to identify and describe coping
methods and patterns and determine whether or not each is effective or destructive. -
Answer✔Coping is a person's cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage stressors that seem to
exceed available resources.
o Positive coping includes activities such as exercise and spending time with friends and family.
o Negative coping may include substance abuse and denial.
o Emotion-focused coping involves managing the emotions that an individual feels when a
stressful even occurs (Example: Discussing feelings with a friend or taking a hot bath)
2
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Primary purpose is to help decrease negative emotions and create a feeling of well-being.
o Problem-focused coping involves attempts to resolve the problems causing the stress.
(Example: Setting priorities or collecting information and seeking advice)
o If a problem can be changed or controlled, this is the most helpful way
The student will be able to develop and implement an individual teaching plan for the patient
with stress.
Nursing Management - Answer✔1. Assessment:
Patient
Family
How/why do we consider the nurse well placed to recognize and intervene with patients and
families experiencing ↑ stress?
Sodium (Na+) - Answer✔135 - 145 mEq/L
Potassium (K+) - Answer✔3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
Calcium - Answer✔8.5 - 10.5 mg/dL
Magnesium - Answer✔1.6 - 2.2 mEq/L
Phosphate - Answer✔3 - 4 mg/dL
Hypo/Hyperosmolar Imbalances - Answer✔• Fluid volume deficit: Too much sodium, not
enough water. Sodium above 145, shiny skin, hypotonic solution 0.45 NS with IV diuretics to get
rid of sodium may have circulation problem
• Fluid volume excess: weight gain, crackles in the lungs (fluid in alveolar space) give patient
diuretics (Lasix) to lose fluid, decrease sodium and potassium, put pt on fluid restriction
• Ratio of Na+ to water
• Problem within cell itself (ICF)
• Hypo-osmolar imbalance
o Water intoxication
o Low serum Na+
• Hyper-osmolar imbalance
o Elevated serum Na+
Hypoosmolar Imbalance - Answer✔• Etiology
o Psychogenic polydipsia
3
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
o Over administration of hypotonic fluids
o Increased ADH
• Pathophysiology
o H2O moves from extracellular space to cell
o Cell swells
o Cell may rupture
• Clinical picture
o Mental status changes
Brain cells swell
Increased ICP
o - Answer✔Serum osmolality < 285 mOsm/L
• Treatment
o Water restriction
o Diuretics
Hyperosmolar Imbalance - Answer✔• Etiology
o Water lost out of proportion to electrolytes
o Solutes taken in without sufficient water
• Pathophysiology
o Water lost
Hyperventilation
Excess secretions (GI, diarrhea, trach, etc.)
Fever (insensible)
Kidneys unable to concentrate urine
• Pathophysiology
4
