TEST 3 NUR 254 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
UPDATED 2025 - 2026
Hypothalamus,,,ANS,-brain,region,controlling,the,pituitary,gland.,Secrets,CRH,,GN-
RH,,GHRH,,SOMATSTATIN,GHIH,,PROLACTIN-INHIBITING,HORMONE,,AND,TRH
pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-
The,endocrine,system's,most,influential,gland.,Under,the,influence,of,the,hypothalamus,,the,pituitary,r
egulates,growth,and,controls,other,endocrine,glands.
adrenal,cortex,,,ANS,-
outer,section,of,each,adrenal,gland;,secretes,(gluticocorticoids),cortisol,,(mineralcortocoids),aldosteron
e,,and,sex,hormones
adrenal,medulla,,,ANS,-secretes,(catecholamines),epinephrine,and,norepinephrine
Anterior,pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-
Secretes,tropic,hormones,such,as,thyroid,stimulating,hormone,(TSH),,ACTH,,growth,hormone,(somatot
ropic,hormone),,and,the,gonadotropins,,prolactin,,melanocyte,stimulating,hormone
Posterior,pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-(Vasopressin)ADH,and,oxytocin
parathyroid,glands,,,ANS,-small,pea-
like,organs,that,secretes,parathyroid,hormone,(PTH),to,regulate,calcium,and,phosphate,balance,in,bloo
d,,bones,,and,other,tissues
Posterior,pituitary,disorders,,,ANS,-diabetes,insipidus
SIADH
Posterior,pituitary,disorders,,,ANS,-Hormone:,ADH,(Antidiuretic,hormone)
Target:,Distal,tubules,and,collecting,ducts,of,kidneys
Action:,Increases,water,reabsorption
,diabetes,insipidus,,,ANS,-
Decreased,secretion,of,antidiuretic,hormone,(ADH,,vasopressin),from,posterior,pituitary
Secondary,to:
Brain,tumors
Neuorsurgery
Head,trauma
Clinical,Manifestations,Of,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Polyuria,-,Enormous,output,of,"water-
like,urine",w/,urine,specific,gravity,<,1.005,(normally,1.010-1.030).,℅,nocturia.
Polydipsia,-,Intense,thirst
Hemoconcentration,-,Elevated,serum,sodium,(>145,mEq/L),and,hematocrit,(>50%)
Volume,deficit,-,hypotension,,tachycardia,,tenting,turgor,,fatigue,,prolonged,capillary,refill
Diagnostics,of,diabetes,insipidus?,,,ANS,-Urine-
Decreased,urine,osmolality,(<200,mOsm/kg),and,urine,specific,gravity,<1.005
Serum,-Hypernatremia,(Na,>145,mEq/L)
Hematocrit,increased,(Hct,>50%)
Osmolality,increased,(>300,mOsm/kg)
Water,(fluid),deprivation,test-All,water,withheld
Measure,urine,osmolality,and,body,weight,hourly
Normally,urine,osmolality,increases,to,2,to,4,times,the,serum.,With,DI,the,urine,osmolality,doesn't,incr
ease,and,the,serum,osmolality,continues,to,increase
CT,or,MRI,to,assess,for,cause,(if,not,apparent)
Management,of,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Replace,Fluids:
P.O.,water
,Hypotonic,IV,fluids,if,unable,to,take,p.o.,(D5W)
Monitor,for,hyperglycemia,,volume,overload,and,slowly,decreasing,the,serum,sodium
Replace,ADH:
Desmopressin,(DDAVP),or,Vasopressin,(Pitressin),-,synthetic,ADH,(SQ,,IN,,or,oral).
Monitor,U/O,,serum,electrolytes,,fluid,status,(skin,turgor,,cap,refill,,daily,weight)
Complications,of,diabetes,insipidus,,,ANS,-Dehydration/hypovolemia/circulatory,collapse
Hypernatremia,w/CNS,dysfunction,(seizures,,confusion,,coma,,etc.)
Nursing,Diagnosis,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-FVD,,Risk,for,ineff,therap,regimen
Nursing,Interventions,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Assess:
VS,,weight,,I&O,,Visual,acuity,,Serum,Na/osmolality/Urine,specific,gravity
Do:
Administer,DDAVP,,IVFs,,p.o.,fluids,,mouth,care
Teach:
Daily,weights,,Manifestations,,FVE,,Medications
The,functioning,of,the,endocrine,system,works,on,what,type,of,system?
Negative,feedback,system
Positive,feedback,system
Alternating,negative,and,positive,feedback,system
Closed,loop,system,,,ANS,-Negative,feedback,system
, What,is,it,referred,to,when,an,endocrine,gland,itself,causes,the,hypersecretion,or,hyposecretion,of,a,h
ormone?
Primary,disorder
Secondary,disorder
Tertiary,disorder
Organ,disorder,,,ANS,-Primary,disorder
Which,hormones,of,the,body,function,to,maintain,the,metabolism,of,the,body?,Select,all,that,apply.
T3
PTH
T4
FSH
CRH,,,ANS,-T3
t4
When,a,client,is,experiencing,a,lack,of,cortisol,,which,glands,could,be,the,cause?,Select,all,that,apply.
Adrenal,gland
Parathyroid,gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary,gland
Thyroid,gland,,,ANS,-Adrenal,gland
hypothalamus
pituitary,gland
The,client,is,experiencing,problems,with,reabsorption,of,calcium.,Which,endocrine,gland,requires,evalu
ation?
UPDATED 2025 - 2026
Hypothalamus,,,ANS,-brain,region,controlling,the,pituitary,gland.,Secrets,CRH,,GN-
RH,,GHRH,,SOMATSTATIN,GHIH,,PROLACTIN-INHIBITING,HORMONE,,AND,TRH
pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-
The,endocrine,system's,most,influential,gland.,Under,the,influence,of,the,hypothalamus,,the,pituitary,r
egulates,growth,and,controls,other,endocrine,glands.
adrenal,cortex,,,ANS,-
outer,section,of,each,adrenal,gland;,secretes,(gluticocorticoids),cortisol,,(mineralcortocoids),aldosteron
e,,and,sex,hormones
adrenal,medulla,,,ANS,-secretes,(catecholamines),epinephrine,and,norepinephrine
Anterior,pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-
Secretes,tropic,hormones,such,as,thyroid,stimulating,hormone,(TSH),,ACTH,,growth,hormone,(somatot
ropic,hormone),,and,the,gonadotropins,,prolactin,,melanocyte,stimulating,hormone
Posterior,pituitary,gland,,,ANS,-(Vasopressin)ADH,and,oxytocin
parathyroid,glands,,,ANS,-small,pea-
like,organs,that,secretes,parathyroid,hormone,(PTH),to,regulate,calcium,and,phosphate,balance,in,bloo
d,,bones,,and,other,tissues
Posterior,pituitary,disorders,,,ANS,-diabetes,insipidus
SIADH
Posterior,pituitary,disorders,,,ANS,-Hormone:,ADH,(Antidiuretic,hormone)
Target:,Distal,tubules,and,collecting,ducts,of,kidneys
Action:,Increases,water,reabsorption
,diabetes,insipidus,,,ANS,-
Decreased,secretion,of,antidiuretic,hormone,(ADH,,vasopressin),from,posterior,pituitary
Secondary,to:
Brain,tumors
Neuorsurgery
Head,trauma
Clinical,Manifestations,Of,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Polyuria,-,Enormous,output,of,"water-
like,urine",w/,urine,specific,gravity,<,1.005,(normally,1.010-1.030).,℅,nocturia.
Polydipsia,-,Intense,thirst
Hemoconcentration,-,Elevated,serum,sodium,(>145,mEq/L),and,hematocrit,(>50%)
Volume,deficit,-,hypotension,,tachycardia,,tenting,turgor,,fatigue,,prolonged,capillary,refill
Diagnostics,of,diabetes,insipidus?,,,ANS,-Urine-
Decreased,urine,osmolality,(<200,mOsm/kg),and,urine,specific,gravity,<1.005
Serum,-Hypernatremia,(Na,>145,mEq/L)
Hematocrit,increased,(Hct,>50%)
Osmolality,increased,(>300,mOsm/kg)
Water,(fluid),deprivation,test-All,water,withheld
Measure,urine,osmolality,and,body,weight,hourly
Normally,urine,osmolality,increases,to,2,to,4,times,the,serum.,With,DI,the,urine,osmolality,doesn't,incr
ease,and,the,serum,osmolality,continues,to,increase
CT,or,MRI,to,assess,for,cause,(if,not,apparent)
Management,of,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Replace,Fluids:
P.O.,water
,Hypotonic,IV,fluids,if,unable,to,take,p.o.,(D5W)
Monitor,for,hyperglycemia,,volume,overload,and,slowly,decreasing,the,serum,sodium
Replace,ADH:
Desmopressin,(DDAVP),or,Vasopressin,(Pitressin),-,synthetic,ADH,(SQ,,IN,,or,oral).
Monitor,U/O,,serum,electrolytes,,fluid,status,(skin,turgor,,cap,refill,,daily,weight)
Complications,of,diabetes,insipidus,,,ANS,-Dehydration/hypovolemia/circulatory,collapse
Hypernatremia,w/CNS,dysfunction,(seizures,,confusion,,coma,,etc.)
Nursing,Diagnosis,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-FVD,,Risk,for,ineff,therap,regimen
Nursing,Interventions,Diabetes,Insipidus,,,ANS,-Assess:
VS,,weight,,I&O,,Visual,acuity,,Serum,Na/osmolality/Urine,specific,gravity
Do:
Administer,DDAVP,,IVFs,,p.o.,fluids,,mouth,care
Teach:
Daily,weights,,Manifestations,,FVE,,Medications
The,functioning,of,the,endocrine,system,works,on,what,type,of,system?
Negative,feedback,system
Positive,feedback,system
Alternating,negative,and,positive,feedback,system
Closed,loop,system,,,ANS,-Negative,feedback,system
, What,is,it,referred,to,when,an,endocrine,gland,itself,causes,the,hypersecretion,or,hyposecretion,of,a,h
ormone?
Primary,disorder
Secondary,disorder
Tertiary,disorder
Organ,disorder,,,ANS,-Primary,disorder
Which,hormones,of,the,body,function,to,maintain,the,metabolism,of,the,body?,Select,all,that,apply.
T3
PTH
T4
FSH
CRH,,,ANS,-T3
t4
When,a,client,is,experiencing,a,lack,of,cortisol,,which,glands,could,be,the,cause?,Select,all,that,apply.
Adrenal,gland
Parathyroid,gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary,gland
Thyroid,gland,,,ANS,-Adrenal,gland
hypothalamus
pituitary,gland
The,client,is,experiencing,problems,with,reabsorption,of,calcium.,Which,endocrine,gland,requires,evalu
ation?
