NRSG4502 Pedi Exam #2 questions with correct answers
1. muscular effects of immobilization: - decreased muscle strength and en-
durance *
- atrophy
- loss of joint mobility *
2. skeletal effects of immobility: - bone demineralization *
- loss of bone calcium --> increased serum calcium
3. cardiovascular effects of immobilization: - orthostatic intolerance
- increased workload of heart
- thrombus formation
4. integumentary system effects of immobilization: - decreased circulation and
pressure leading to decrease healing capacity
- risk for ischemia and damage
5. 3 main physiologic impacts of immobilization: - decreased muscle strength and
endurance
- loss of joint mobility
- bone demineralization
6. respiratory effects of immobilization: - decreased respiratory effort
- reduction in normal movement of secretions
7. GI effects of immobilization: - decreased mobility of bowel
- risk for aspiration
8. GU effects of immobilization: - hypercalcemia (renal calculi)
- alteration of gravitational force causing urinary stasis
- impaired ureteral peristalsis
- difficulty voiding in supine position
,9. metabolic effects of immobilization: - decreased metabolic rate
- decreased intake of protein --> nitrogen loss if more than intake
10.neurosensory effects of immobilization: - loss of innervation --> if nerve tis- sue
is damaged by pressure, if circulation to nerve tissue is interrupted, if positioning is
improper, decreased ROM
- sensory and perceptual deprivation --> negative psychological effects
11.compression of peroneal nerve: causes foot drop
12.compression of radial nerve: wrist drop
13.psychological effects of immobility: - altered perception of self and environ-
ment
- developmental regression
- behavioral changes --> anxiety (restlessness, depression, inability to concen-
trate, regression, egocentrism), monotony (sluggish intellectual and psychomotor
responses, decreased communication skills, increased fantasizing, disorientation,
hallucinations, dependence, acting out, depression)
,14.effects on families r/t immobilization: - logistical mgmt of sick child
- need for family support and home care assistance
- coping skills
- financial strains
- effect on other children
- coping w/ childs behavior or altered body condition
- sleep deprivation
15.nursing mgmt of immobilized child: - physical assessment: prevent injury,
repositioning, pressure reduction measures, ROM exercises, braden scale
- encourage activity and sue of mobility devices
- child life specialists
- encourage visitors and school activities
- encourage child to participate in self care
16.braden scale assesses...: risk for pressure sores
- sensory/mental
- moisture
- activity
- mobility
- nutrition
- friction/shear
assess every shift in many settings, esp important for immobilization
higher score = less risk
, 17.risk factors for fractures in children: - obesity
- poor nutrition
- developmental characteristics --> normal play activities, recreation
common in children, rare in infants
--> suspect non-accidental trauma in infants unless MVA
18.osteogenesis imperfecta: brittle bone disease
19.if infant has fractures present on skeletal survey...: - consider if osteogenesis
imperfecta or child abuse. very rare for infants to have fractures
(common for children to have fractures)
20.epiphyseal plates: growth plates at ends of bones
1. muscular effects of immobilization: - decreased muscle strength and en-
durance *
- atrophy
- loss of joint mobility *
2. skeletal effects of immobility: - bone demineralization *
- loss of bone calcium --> increased serum calcium
3. cardiovascular effects of immobilization: - orthostatic intolerance
- increased workload of heart
- thrombus formation
4. integumentary system effects of immobilization: - decreased circulation and
pressure leading to decrease healing capacity
- risk for ischemia and damage
5. 3 main physiologic impacts of immobilization: - decreased muscle strength and
endurance
- loss of joint mobility
- bone demineralization
6. respiratory effects of immobilization: - decreased respiratory effort
- reduction in normal movement of secretions
7. GI effects of immobilization: - decreased mobility of bowel
- risk for aspiration
8. GU effects of immobilization: - hypercalcemia (renal calculi)
- alteration of gravitational force causing urinary stasis
- impaired ureteral peristalsis
- difficulty voiding in supine position
,9. metabolic effects of immobilization: - decreased metabolic rate
- decreased intake of protein --> nitrogen loss if more than intake
10.neurosensory effects of immobilization: - loss of innervation --> if nerve tis- sue
is damaged by pressure, if circulation to nerve tissue is interrupted, if positioning is
improper, decreased ROM
- sensory and perceptual deprivation --> negative psychological effects
11.compression of peroneal nerve: causes foot drop
12.compression of radial nerve: wrist drop
13.psychological effects of immobility: - altered perception of self and environ-
ment
- developmental regression
- behavioral changes --> anxiety (restlessness, depression, inability to concen-
trate, regression, egocentrism), monotony (sluggish intellectual and psychomotor
responses, decreased communication skills, increased fantasizing, disorientation,
hallucinations, dependence, acting out, depression)
,14.effects on families r/t immobilization: - logistical mgmt of sick child
- need for family support and home care assistance
- coping skills
- financial strains
- effect on other children
- coping w/ childs behavior or altered body condition
- sleep deprivation
15.nursing mgmt of immobilized child: - physical assessment: prevent injury,
repositioning, pressure reduction measures, ROM exercises, braden scale
- encourage activity and sue of mobility devices
- child life specialists
- encourage visitors and school activities
- encourage child to participate in self care
16.braden scale assesses...: risk for pressure sores
- sensory/mental
- moisture
- activity
- mobility
- nutrition
- friction/shear
assess every shift in many settings, esp important for immobilization
higher score = less risk
, 17.risk factors for fractures in children: - obesity
- poor nutrition
- developmental characteristics --> normal play activities, recreation
common in children, rare in infants
--> suspect non-accidental trauma in infants unless MVA
18.osteogenesis imperfecta: brittle bone disease
19.if infant has fractures present on skeletal survey...: - consider if osteogenesis
imperfecta or child abuse. very rare for infants to have fractures
(common for children to have fractures)
20.epiphyseal plates: growth plates at ends of bones
