Biology EOC Review Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Monosaccharides - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of carbohydrates?
Fatty acids and glycerol - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of lipids?
Amino acids - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of proteins?
Nucleotides - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic acids?
1. primary source of energy (quick energy). 2. used in structures (makes cell walls and
exoskeletons). - ✔✔What are the functions or purpose of carbohydrates?
1. makes up cell membranes (phospholipid bilayer). 2. long-term energy storage. 3.
Insulation (blubber) and waterproofing (waxy cuticle) - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of lipids?
1. Transport materials in/out of a cell (protein channels). 2. Make up muscle, hair,
tendons. 3. Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)
4. Hormones that help with growth and development - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of proteins?
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,1. Contains the genetic info. 2. Helps make proteins. - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of nucleic acids?
Starch (plants) and glycogen (animals) - ✔✔What are complex carbohydrates that plants
and animal use to store excess carbs?
Glucose - ✔✔What is a common simple sugar (carbohydrate)?
Cellulose (plants) and chitin (exoskeleton of animals) - ✔✔What are 2 carbohydrates
that help build structures in plants and animals?
1. Insulin - helps maintain sugar (glucose) levels in the blood. 2. Enzymes - speed up
chemical reactions. 3. Hemoglobin - on red blood cells - ✔✔What are some examples of
proteins?
Fats, oils and waxes - ✔✔What are some examples of lipids?
DNA & RNA - ✔✔What are 2 examples of nucleic acids?
Triglyceride (3 fatty acids and glycerol) a type of lipid - ✔✔What type of organic
molecule is pictured here?
Protein or polypeptide - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
Nucleotide - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
Carbohydrates - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
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, To break down sucrose into glucose and fructose. - ✔✔What is the enzymes job in this
reaction?
sucrose and water - ✔✔What is/are the reactant(s) in this reaction?
Glucose and fructose - ✔✔What is/are the product(s) in this reaction?
No. The enzyme remains unchanged and can work on another substrate molecule. -
✔✔Do enzymes get used up by a reaction?
Temperature and pH - ✔✔What are 2 environmental conditions that may cause an
enzyme to denature or change shape so it no longer works?
A-enzyme, B-active site, C-substrate or reactants, D-product - ✔✔What is each structure
in the above reaction?
Nucleus (K) - ✔✔Stores the DNA in eukaryotic cells; Sometimes called the control
center of the cell. What organelle am I???
Cell membrane or plasma membrane (L) - ✔✔Controls what enters and leaves the cell;
it is selectively permeable. What organelle am I????
Cell Wall (R) - ✔✔Provides support & structure to plant, fungi & bacteria cells; found
outside cell the membrane. What organelle am I????
Mitochondria (M) - ✔✔Site of cell respiration in eukaryotic cells... Produces ATP or
usable cell energy. What organelle am I????
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Answers 100% Pass
Monosaccharides - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of carbohydrates?
Fatty acids and glycerol - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of lipids?
Amino acids - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of proteins?
Nucleotides - ✔✔What are the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic acids?
1. primary source of energy (quick energy). 2. used in structures (makes cell walls and
exoskeletons). - ✔✔What are the functions or purpose of carbohydrates?
1. makes up cell membranes (phospholipid bilayer). 2. long-term energy storage. 3.
Insulation (blubber) and waterproofing (waxy cuticle) - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of lipids?
1. Transport materials in/out of a cell (protein channels). 2. Make up muscle, hair,
tendons. 3. Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)
4. Hormones that help with growth and development - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of proteins?
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,1. Contains the genetic info. 2. Helps make proteins. - ✔✔What are the functions or
purpose of nucleic acids?
Starch (plants) and glycogen (animals) - ✔✔What are complex carbohydrates that plants
and animal use to store excess carbs?
Glucose - ✔✔What is a common simple sugar (carbohydrate)?
Cellulose (plants) and chitin (exoskeleton of animals) - ✔✔What are 2 carbohydrates
that help build structures in plants and animals?
1. Insulin - helps maintain sugar (glucose) levels in the blood. 2. Enzymes - speed up
chemical reactions. 3. Hemoglobin - on red blood cells - ✔✔What are some examples of
proteins?
Fats, oils and waxes - ✔✔What are some examples of lipids?
DNA & RNA - ✔✔What are 2 examples of nucleic acids?
Triglyceride (3 fatty acids and glycerol) a type of lipid - ✔✔What type of organic
molecule is pictured here?
Protein or polypeptide - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
Nucleotide - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
Carbohydrates - ✔✔What type of organic molecule is pictured here?
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, To break down sucrose into glucose and fructose. - ✔✔What is the enzymes job in this
reaction?
sucrose and water - ✔✔What is/are the reactant(s) in this reaction?
Glucose and fructose - ✔✔What is/are the product(s) in this reaction?
No. The enzyme remains unchanged and can work on another substrate molecule. -
✔✔Do enzymes get used up by a reaction?
Temperature and pH - ✔✔What are 2 environmental conditions that may cause an
enzyme to denature or change shape so it no longer works?
A-enzyme, B-active site, C-substrate or reactants, D-product - ✔✔What is each structure
in the above reaction?
Nucleus (K) - ✔✔Stores the DNA in eukaryotic cells; Sometimes called the control
center of the cell. What organelle am I???
Cell membrane or plasma membrane (L) - ✔✔Controls what enters and leaves the cell;
it is selectively permeable. What organelle am I????
Cell Wall (R) - ✔✔Provides support & structure to plant, fungi & bacteria cells; found
outside cell the membrane. What organelle am I????
Mitochondria (M) - ✔✔Site of cell respiration in eukaryotic cells... Produces ATP or
usable cell energy. What organelle am I????
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