Bio 1500 Test 6 - Bush & Schul Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Recognize what it means if a gene is expressed vs not expressed, turned on vs turned
off, or up-regulated vs down-regulated. - ✔✔you can be be a carrier of a gene but it's
not shown- expressed vs not
Whether or not the gene is translated and transcribed into a protein - turned on vs off
up-regulated means something is produced more and down-regulated, something is
produced less
Connect variation in gene expression with differentiation/specialization of cells. -
✔✔cells differentiate during development, so different genes are expressed during the
creation and function of new cells.
All cells have all the DNA, but certain cells only express certain genes that go with the
cell's purpose/function
Know examples of things or situations that cause genes to be turned on or off. -
✔✔developmental stage, type of tissue, stage of physiological cycle, and environmental
cues
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Describe the roles of transcription factors, activator proteins, repressor proteins,
promoters, and RNA polymerase in gene expression. - ✔✔transcription factors-
proteins that control whether a gene is expressed or not
Activator proteins- bind to DNA to facilitate transcription of a gene
repressor proteins- bind to DNA to inhibit the transcription of a gene
promoter - where the activator/repressor protein binds- the DNA that codes for the
start of a gene
RNA polymerase - This is the enzyme that starts the process of making a protein to
express the gene
Define 'regulatory genes,' explain broadly how they work, and why they are important.
- ✔✔Genes that code for the transcription factors
Explain what a gene or protein family is, using the globin genes/proteins as an
example. - ✔✔A related group of proteins with a similar sequence of AA. The globin in
the family have similar functions, but slightly different AA and different amounts.
Know the common sources of new genes, including mechanisms of gene duplication. -
✔✔Mutations-changes in DNA sequence Gene duplication during crossing over.
memorize the function of myoglobin in the body - ✔✔facilitates oxygen diffusion in the
muscle. Stores O2 in the muscles and releases it when needed
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Recognize what it means if a gene is expressed vs not expressed, turned on vs turned
off, or up-regulated vs down-regulated. - ✔✔you can be be a carrier of a gene but it's
not shown- expressed vs not
Whether or not the gene is translated and transcribed into a protein - turned on vs off
up-regulated means something is produced more and down-regulated, something is
produced less
Connect variation in gene expression with differentiation/specialization of cells. -
✔✔cells differentiate during development, so different genes are expressed during the
creation and function of new cells.
All cells have all the DNA, but certain cells only express certain genes that go with the
cell's purpose/function
Know examples of things or situations that cause genes to be turned on or off. -
✔✔developmental stage, type of tissue, stage of physiological cycle, and environmental
cues
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Describe the roles of transcription factors, activator proteins, repressor proteins,
promoters, and RNA polymerase in gene expression. - ✔✔transcription factors-
proteins that control whether a gene is expressed or not
Activator proteins- bind to DNA to facilitate transcription of a gene
repressor proteins- bind to DNA to inhibit the transcription of a gene
promoter - where the activator/repressor protein binds- the DNA that codes for the
start of a gene
RNA polymerase - This is the enzyme that starts the process of making a protein to
express the gene
Define 'regulatory genes,' explain broadly how they work, and why they are important.
- ✔✔Genes that code for the transcription factors
Explain what a gene or protein family is, using the globin genes/proteins as an
example. - ✔✔A related group of proteins with a similar sequence of AA. The globin in
the family have similar functions, but slightly different AA and different amounts.
Know the common sources of new genes, including mechanisms of gene duplication. -
✔✔Mutations-changes in DNA sequence Gene duplication during crossing over.
memorize the function of myoglobin in the body - ✔✔facilitates oxygen diffusion in the
muscle. Stores O2 in the muscles and releases it when needed
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
