PPGH UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are the 7 domains of public health? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Health improvement
2.Health protection
3. Organisation of health services
4. Improving the quality of health services
5. Practising evidence based medicine
6. Using health information
7. Adopting health attitudes and values
What is the role of NHS England? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Independent
-Holds money
-Sets priorities
-Budget, planning, delivery and day-to-day operation of the commissioning side of the NHS
What is the role of clinical commissioning groups? - CORRECT ANSWER - Commission
both primary and secondary care services
Can commission any service that meets NHS standards and costs
What is the role of public health england? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Ensuring adequate local
public health infrastructure
-Promoting health communities and healthy behaviours
-Preventing spread of communicable disease
-Protecting against environmental health hazards
-Preparing for and responding to emergencies
,Primary care - CORRECT ANSWER - health care at a basic rather than specialized level for
people making an initial approach to a doctor or nurse for treatment. Acts as a gatekeeper to
services e.g. pharmacies, GP
Secondary care - CORRECT ANSWER - Routine hospitalization, routine surgery, and
specialized outpatient care, such as consultation with specialists and rehabilitation. Compared to
primary care, these services are usually brief and more complex, involving advanced diagnostic
and therapeutic procedures. Includes emergency care
Tertiary care - CORRECT ANSWER - highly complex care and therapy services from
practitioners in a hospital or overnight facility. Specialist centres e.g. The Walton centre
What does the iceberg metaphor describe? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Known disease is only
tip of the iceberg (care presented to healthcare services
-Unknown disease is majority:
~Misdiagnosed
~Symptomatic, self medicated
~Symptomatic, not presenting
~Asymptomatic
~At risk
What is health improvement? - CORRECT ANSWER - Improve health and wellbeing of
individuals or communities by enabling and encouraging healthy lifestyle choices whilst
addressing underlying issues like poverty, lack of educational opportunities and other areas.
Tannahill Model - CORRECT ANSWER - Model of health promotion
-Health education: Improving knowledge and attitudes to enhance health
-Disease prevention: Reduce or avoid risk of ill health
-Health protection: Safeguarding population through legislation, financial or social measures
, Dahlgreen and Whitehead Model - CORRECT ANSWER - -Model of structural determinants
of health
-Model shows upstream determinants e.g. "education" than can prevent downstream
determinants e.g. "individual lifestyle factors"
Health inequalities - CORRECT ANSWER - Unjust and avoidable differences in peoples
health across population and between specific population groups
Black Report - CORRECT ANSWER - Working Group on Inequalities in Health
Showed the gap in health between social classes
Showed that the gap was growing
Believed health inequalities occur due to:
-Artefact explanations
-Natural or social selection
-Materialist explanations
-Cultural/behavioural explanations
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever
occurring.
Aimed at entire population
e.g. laws that restrict alcohol use e.g. opening times or controlling price
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or
illness that you cannot completely prevent.
Aimed at particular groups
e.g. targeted interventions with alcoholic women at risk of alcohol exposure to unplanned
pregnancy
Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - -aims to prevent the long-term consequences of
a chronic illness or disability and to support optimal functioning
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are the 7 domains of public health? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Health improvement
2.Health protection
3. Organisation of health services
4. Improving the quality of health services
5. Practising evidence based medicine
6. Using health information
7. Adopting health attitudes and values
What is the role of NHS England? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Independent
-Holds money
-Sets priorities
-Budget, planning, delivery and day-to-day operation of the commissioning side of the NHS
What is the role of clinical commissioning groups? - CORRECT ANSWER - Commission
both primary and secondary care services
Can commission any service that meets NHS standards and costs
What is the role of public health england? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Ensuring adequate local
public health infrastructure
-Promoting health communities and healthy behaviours
-Preventing spread of communicable disease
-Protecting against environmental health hazards
-Preparing for and responding to emergencies
,Primary care - CORRECT ANSWER - health care at a basic rather than specialized level for
people making an initial approach to a doctor or nurse for treatment. Acts as a gatekeeper to
services e.g. pharmacies, GP
Secondary care - CORRECT ANSWER - Routine hospitalization, routine surgery, and
specialized outpatient care, such as consultation with specialists and rehabilitation. Compared to
primary care, these services are usually brief and more complex, involving advanced diagnostic
and therapeutic procedures. Includes emergency care
Tertiary care - CORRECT ANSWER - highly complex care and therapy services from
practitioners in a hospital or overnight facility. Specialist centres e.g. The Walton centre
What does the iceberg metaphor describe? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Known disease is only
tip of the iceberg (care presented to healthcare services
-Unknown disease is majority:
~Misdiagnosed
~Symptomatic, self medicated
~Symptomatic, not presenting
~Asymptomatic
~At risk
What is health improvement? - CORRECT ANSWER - Improve health and wellbeing of
individuals or communities by enabling and encouraging healthy lifestyle choices whilst
addressing underlying issues like poverty, lack of educational opportunities and other areas.
Tannahill Model - CORRECT ANSWER - Model of health promotion
-Health education: Improving knowledge and attitudes to enhance health
-Disease prevention: Reduce or avoid risk of ill health
-Health protection: Safeguarding population through legislation, financial or social measures
, Dahlgreen and Whitehead Model - CORRECT ANSWER - -Model of structural determinants
of health
-Model shows upstream determinants e.g. "education" than can prevent downstream
determinants e.g. "individual lifestyle factors"
Health inequalities - CORRECT ANSWER - Unjust and avoidable differences in peoples
health across population and between specific population groups
Black Report - CORRECT ANSWER - Working Group on Inequalities in Health
Showed the gap in health between social classes
Showed that the gap was growing
Believed health inequalities occur due to:
-Artefact explanations
-Natural or social selection
-Materialist explanations
-Cultural/behavioural explanations
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever
occurring.
Aimed at entire population
e.g. laws that restrict alcohol use e.g. opening times or controlling price
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or
illness that you cannot completely prevent.
Aimed at particular groups
e.g. targeted interventions with alcoholic women at risk of alcohol exposure to unplanned
pregnancy
Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - -aims to prevent the long-term consequences of
a chronic illness or disability and to support optimal functioning
