2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
Saunders
Comprehensive
Review Nclex
RN 8th Edition
Neurological
Problems
about:blank 1/107
,2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
CHAPTER 58
Neurological Problems
Priority Concepts
Functional Ability; Intracranial Regulation
I. Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain and
Spinal Cord
A. Cerebrum
1. The cerebrum consists
of the right and left
hemispheres.
2. Each hemisphere receives sensory
information from
the opposite side of the body and
controls the skeletal muscles of
the opposite side.
3. The cerebrum governs sensory
and motor activity and
thought and learning.
B. Cerebral cortex (Box 58-1)
1. The cerebral cortex is the outer
gray layer; it is divided into 5
lobes.
2. It is responsible for the
conscious activities of the
cerebrum.
C. Basal ganglia: Cell bodies in white matter
that help the cerebral
cortex produce smooth voluntary
movements
D. Diencephalon
1. Thalamus
a. Relays sensory impulses
to the cortex
b. Provides a pain gate
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,2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
c. Part of the reticular
activating system
2. Hypothalamus
a. Regulates autonomic
responses of the
sympathetic and
parasympathetic
nervous systems
b. Regulates the stress
response, sleep,
appetite, body
temperature, fluid
E. Brainstem balance, and
emotions
c. Responsible for the
production of
hormones secreted
by the pituitary
gland and the
hypothalamus
about:blank 2/107
, 2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
about:blank 3/107
Saunders
Comprehensive
Review Nclex
RN 8th Edition
Neurological
Problems
about:blank 1/107
,2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
CHAPTER 58
Neurological Problems
Priority Concepts
Functional Ability; Intracranial Regulation
I. Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain and
Spinal Cord
A. Cerebrum
1. The cerebrum consists
of the right and left
hemispheres.
2. Each hemisphere receives sensory
information from
the opposite side of the body and
controls the skeletal muscles of
the opposite side.
3. The cerebrum governs sensory
and motor activity and
thought and learning.
B. Cerebral cortex (Box 58-1)
1. The cerebral cortex is the outer
gray layer; it is divided into 5
lobes.
2. It is responsible for the
conscious activities of the
cerebrum.
C. Basal ganglia: Cell bodies in white matter
that help the cerebral
cortex produce smooth voluntary
movements
D. Diencephalon
1. Thalamus
a. Relays sensory impulses
to the cortex
b. Provides a pain gate
about:blank 1/107
,2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
c. Part of the reticular
activating system
2. Hypothalamus
a. Regulates autonomic
responses of the
sympathetic and
parasympathetic
nervous systems
b. Regulates the stress
response, sleep,
appetite, body
temperature, fluid
E. Brainstem balance, and
emotions
c. Responsible for the
production of
hormones secreted
by the pituitary
gland and the
hypothalamus
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, 2/24/25, 9:58 AM Saunders Comprehensive Review Nclex RN 8th Edition Neurological Problems
about:blank 3/107
