RIO BIO 156 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2024/2025 ACTUAL COPLETE
100 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ .
What is the cause and environmental consequence of acid
rain? – ANSWER-Burning fossil fuels such as coal releases
sulfur and nitrogen compounds that affect the pH of rain and
other forms of precipitation. drastically changes the pH of
water in soil, lakes, and streams.
Describe carbohydrates - ANSWER-Simple sugars are called
monosaccharides ( Glucose and fructose). sucrose is
disaccharide.
polysaccharides. provide energy and
structural support for living systems.
Describe lipids - ANSWER-can be divided into fats,
phospholipids, steroids, and waxes. part of it is hydrophobic.
make up part of cell membranes and provide energy.
Describe the molecular structure and importance of RNA. -
ANSWER-An RNA molecule is a chain of four kinds of nucleotide
monomers, one of which is ATP. RNA molecules carry out
protein synthesis
,Describe the molecular structure and importance of DNA. -
ANSWER-A DNA molecule consists of two chains of
nucleotides twisted into a double helix. Each cell starts life
with DNA inherited from a parent cell.
Identify a peptide bond and explain how it is formed. - ANSWER-
covalent bond that links amino acids in a protein
During protein synthesis, a peptide bond forms between the
carboxyl group of the first amino acid and the amine group of
the second
Describe the basic events of glycolysis. - ANSWER-a series of
reactions beginning with the breakdown of a glucose molecule
to pyruvate. A small amount (two molecules) of ATP is produced
directly at this time. Electrons are carried to the electron
transport chain by NADH, a special coenzyme electron carrier.
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Describe the basic events of Krebs Cycle - ANSWER-The Krebs
cycle, or Citric Acid Cycle, is the name given to the set of
reactions in which pyruvate is broken down by enzymes to
carbon dioxide. Again, a small amount of ATP (two molecules) is
made directly during these events. Once again, electrons are
carried to the electron transport chain by NAD+. Another
, electron carrier, FAD, is also active here. The Krebs cycle takes
place in the matrix of the mitochondria - the area outside of the
cristae.
Define the primary, secondary (two forms), tertiary, and
quaternary structure of a protein. - ANSWER-1. primary
structure is order of the amino acids 2. secondary structure has
alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet. tertiary structure
interactions between the r- groups of amino acids.
3. quaternary structure is the interaction between multiple
polypeptide chains. 4. making up membrane structure,
antibodies, enzymes, neurotoxins, and hair and nail structure.
also used as an energy source.
List the major components of a nucleotide - ANSWER-monomers
of nucleic acids. contains sugar, nitrogen base, and one ore
more phosphate groups.
Cite the key features of the Cell Theory. - ANSWER-1. Every
living organism consists of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all organisms.
A cell is the smallest unit of life, individually alive even as part
of a multicelled organism.
3. All living cells arise by division of preexisting cells.
100 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ .
What is the cause and environmental consequence of acid
rain? – ANSWER-Burning fossil fuels such as coal releases
sulfur and nitrogen compounds that affect the pH of rain and
other forms of precipitation. drastically changes the pH of
water in soil, lakes, and streams.
Describe carbohydrates - ANSWER-Simple sugars are called
monosaccharides ( Glucose and fructose). sucrose is
disaccharide.
polysaccharides. provide energy and
structural support for living systems.
Describe lipids - ANSWER-can be divided into fats,
phospholipids, steroids, and waxes. part of it is hydrophobic.
make up part of cell membranes and provide energy.
Describe the molecular structure and importance of RNA. -
ANSWER-An RNA molecule is a chain of four kinds of nucleotide
monomers, one of which is ATP. RNA molecules carry out
protein synthesis
,Describe the molecular structure and importance of DNA. -
ANSWER-A DNA molecule consists of two chains of
nucleotides twisted into a double helix. Each cell starts life
with DNA inherited from a parent cell.
Identify a peptide bond and explain how it is formed. - ANSWER-
covalent bond that links amino acids in a protein
During protein synthesis, a peptide bond forms between the
carboxyl group of the first amino acid and the amine group of
the second
Describe the basic events of glycolysis. - ANSWER-a series of
reactions beginning with the breakdown of a glucose molecule
to pyruvate. A small amount (two molecules) of ATP is produced
directly at this time. Electrons are carried to the electron
transport chain by NADH, a special coenzyme electron carrier.
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Describe the basic events of Krebs Cycle - ANSWER-The Krebs
cycle, or Citric Acid Cycle, is the name given to the set of
reactions in which pyruvate is broken down by enzymes to
carbon dioxide. Again, a small amount of ATP (two molecules) is
made directly during these events. Once again, electrons are
carried to the electron transport chain by NAD+. Another
, electron carrier, FAD, is also active here. The Krebs cycle takes
place in the matrix of the mitochondria - the area outside of the
cristae.
Define the primary, secondary (two forms), tertiary, and
quaternary structure of a protein. - ANSWER-1. primary
structure is order of the amino acids 2. secondary structure has
alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet. tertiary structure
interactions between the r- groups of amino acids.
3. quaternary structure is the interaction between multiple
polypeptide chains. 4. making up membrane structure,
antibodies, enzymes, neurotoxins, and hair and nail structure.
also used as an energy source.
List the major components of a nucleotide - ANSWER-monomers
of nucleic acids. contains sugar, nitrogen base, and one ore
more phosphate groups.
Cite the key features of the Cell Theory. - ANSWER-1. Every
living organism consists of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all organisms.
A cell is the smallest unit of life, individually alive even as part
of a multicelled organism.
3. All living cells arise by division of preexisting cells.
