DEP Exam 1 questions with 100%
correct answered
Life-Span Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Scientific study of how people change
over the life-span
Emphasizes continuity over the lifespan
-Developmental change is not discrete
-Development is lifelong
4 aspects of the Life-Span Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Continuity
Multidirectional
Multicontextual
Plasticity
Multidirectional - correct answer ✔✔Some things are gained, others are lost
Growth, Maintenance, Regulation of Loss
Multicontexual - correct answer ✔✔Many different factors affect change
-Genes, environment, culture, etc.
Multi-disciplinary - correct answer ✔✔Change occurs in many ways
-Neurology, learning, intelligence, social, cultural
,Plasticity - correct answer ✔✔Change can occur at any time...but to varying
degrees
2 theories in the biological perspective - correct answer ✔✔Maturational Theory
Ethological Theory
Maturational Theory - correct answer ✔✔Created by A. Gesell
Believed that development follows a pre-planned program because it's genetically
determined, that is that DNA causes development.
Ethological Theory - correct answer ✔✔Created by K. Lorenz
Emphasized the role of evolution
Believed that many early behaviors are adaptive and evolutionarily programmed,
such as sucking, crying, and clinging
Also believed that environment played an important factor
Coined the term "critical periods"
Critical Periods - correct answer ✔✔A time in development when specific learning
can occur. Before or after this period, this specific learning cannot take place (or is
very difficult).
Who were the 2 main psychologists who focused on the psychodynamic
perspective? - correct answer ✔✔Freud and Erikson
Freud's Psychodynamic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Believed that
unconscious innate instincts drive development and that personality develops as
instinctual needs are frustrated or indulged
, Erikson's Psychodynamic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Strong emphasis on
psychological and social aspects of development
His 8 stages of development each contain a "crisis" or "challenge" that must be
met in order to move to next stage.
Classic example of "stage theory" of development
The 8 Psychosocial Stages - correct answer ✔✔Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Identity confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Integrity vs. Despair
Learning Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Also called behaviorism, studies
observable behavior
Development depends on learning & experience
Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔According to behaviorism, or the learning
perspective, the processes by which responses become linked to particular stimuli
and learning takes place. Repeating the process is crucial.
Classical Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Ivan Pavlov
correct answered
Life-Span Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Scientific study of how people change
over the life-span
Emphasizes continuity over the lifespan
-Developmental change is not discrete
-Development is lifelong
4 aspects of the Life-Span Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Continuity
Multidirectional
Multicontextual
Plasticity
Multidirectional - correct answer ✔✔Some things are gained, others are lost
Growth, Maintenance, Regulation of Loss
Multicontexual - correct answer ✔✔Many different factors affect change
-Genes, environment, culture, etc.
Multi-disciplinary - correct answer ✔✔Change occurs in many ways
-Neurology, learning, intelligence, social, cultural
,Plasticity - correct answer ✔✔Change can occur at any time...but to varying
degrees
2 theories in the biological perspective - correct answer ✔✔Maturational Theory
Ethological Theory
Maturational Theory - correct answer ✔✔Created by A. Gesell
Believed that development follows a pre-planned program because it's genetically
determined, that is that DNA causes development.
Ethological Theory - correct answer ✔✔Created by K. Lorenz
Emphasized the role of evolution
Believed that many early behaviors are adaptive and evolutionarily programmed,
such as sucking, crying, and clinging
Also believed that environment played an important factor
Coined the term "critical periods"
Critical Periods - correct answer ✔✔A time in development when specific learning
can occur. Before or after this period, this specific learning cannot take place (or is
very difficult).
Who were the 2 main psychologists who focused on the psychodynamic
perspective? - correct answer ✔✔Freud and Erikson
Freud's Psychodynamic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Believed that
unconscious innate instincts drive development and that personality develops as
instinctual needs are frustrated or indulged
, Erikson's Psychodynamic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Strong emphasis on
psychological and social aspects of development
His 8 stages of development each contain a "crisis" or "challenge" that must be
met in order to move to next stage.
Classic example of "stage theory" of development
The 8 Psychosocial Stages - correct answer ✔✔Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Identity confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Integrity vs. Despair
Learning Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Also called behaviorism, studies
observable behavior
Development depends on learning & experience
Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔According to behaviorism, or the learning
perspective, the processes by which responses become linked to particular stimuli
and learning takes place. Repeating the process is crucial.
Classical Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Ivan Pavlov
