biol 212 exam 1 study guide
what is physiology? - Correct Answers -study of body functions. physiology focuses on
the underlying mechanisms of the body processes
what is anatomy? - Correct Answers -study of structure
why are the studies of physiology and anatomy interrelated - Correct Answers -the
functions depend on structure
arrange the levels of organization in the body - Correct Answers -atom
molecule
cell
tissues
organs
organ systems
organisms
convert the concentration of the following solution from molarity into molarity. state if
hyperosmotic, isosmotic, hyposmotic
0.2 M NaCl + 0.1 M Glucose - Correct Answers -0.5 Osm
hyperosmotic
osmosis: diffusion of ______ from [hyposmotic or hyperosmotic] solution to [hyposmotic
or hyperosmotic] solution - Correct Answers -diffusion of water from hyposmotic solution
to hyperosmotic solution
osmosis: a solution with [higher or lower] concentration of water to a solution with
[higher or lower] concentration of water - Correct Answers -higher to lower
osmosis: a solution with [higher or lower] concentration of a solute with [higher of lower]
concentration of solute - Correct Answers -lower to higher
what is the smallest building blocks of matter? - Correct Answers -atoms
what are atoms composed of? include what type of charge it carries - Correct Answers -
atoms are composed of subatomic particles
protons +
neutrons no charge
,electrons -
what are the four most common atoms or elements which make up 96% of the body
chemistry - Correct Answers -oxygen
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen (CHON)
what are the remaining 4% of the body chemistry known as - Correct Answers -trace
elements
what forms when atoms of element are linked together - Correct Answers -molecules
what are the 3 types of chemical bonds that form into molecules - Correct Answers -
hydrogen, ionic, covalent
identify what type of chemical bond forms each molecule - Correct Answers -
what chemical bond will not dissociate (separate) in a solution - Correct Answers -
covalent, non polar, polar
what chemical bond will dissociate in a solution - Correct Answers -ionic
which of the molecules are polymers?
proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids - Correct Answers -proteins
carbs
nucleic acids
how many type of cells make up the human body - Correct Answers -200
what are tissues made of - Correct Answers -cells of similar structure and specialized
function
what type of tissue consists of cells specialized for contracting, which generates tension
and produces movement - Correct Answers -muscle tissue
what type of tissue consists of cells specialized for initiating and transmitting electrical
impulses - Correct Answers -nervous
what type of tissue consists of cells that are organized into epithelial sheets of secretory
glands - Correct Answers -epithelial
what type of tissue connects, supports, and anchors various body parts - Correct
Answers -connective
what type of muscle tissue movements the skeleton - Correct Answers -skeletal
, what type of muscle tissue controls the movement of contents through hollow tubes and
organs - Correct Answers -smooth
which of the following is a hollow tube
brain, kidney, blood vessel, blood - Correct Answers -blood vessel
what type of muscle tissue pumps blood from the heart - Correct Answers -cardiac
what type of muscle tissue have the slowest frequency of muscle concentration -
Correct Answers -smooth
what type of muscle tissue have the fastest frequency of muscle concentration - Correct
Answers -skeletal
what are the 4 ions involved in transmitting electrical impulses - Correct Answers -Na+,
K+, Cl-, Ca2+
what are glands derived from - Correct Answers -epithelial tissue
what glands secrete hormones into the blood - Correct Answers -endocrine glands
what type of glands are sweat glands - Correct Answers -exocrine glands
what type of tissue is blood - Correct Answers -connective
how many body systems make up the whole body of the human organism - Correct
Answers -11
define homeostasis - Correct Answers -a dynamic, relatively stable state in the internal
environment within a narrow limit despite interaction between the outside world
(extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, social environment/psychological stress)
what are the 2 different fluid compartments and know where each is found relative to a
cell - Correct Answers -intracellular fluid (ICF) - fluid inside the cell
extracellular fluid (ECF) - fluid outside the cell
body's internal environment, plasma, interstitial fluid
where is the internal environment - Correct Answers -ECF
what is the % of the total body water relative to the weight - Correct Answers -60%
know the ratio of each fluid compartment relative to the TBW - Correct Answers -ECF =
1/3 (plasma 20%, interstitial fluid 80%)
ICF = 2/3
what is physiology? - Correct Answers -study of body functions. physiology focuses on
the underlying mechanisms of the body processes
what is anatomy? - Correct Answers -study of structure
why are the studies of physiology and anatomy interrelated - Correct Answers -the
functions depend on structure
arrange the levels of organization in the body - Correct Answers -atom
molecule
cell
tissues
organs
organ systems
organisms
convert the concentration of the following solution from molarity into molarity. state if
hyperosmotic, isosmotic, hyposmotic
0.2 M NaCl + 0.1 M Glucose - Correct Answers -0.5 Osm
hyperosmotic
osmosis: diffusion of ______ from [hyposmotic or hyperosmotic] solution to [hyposmotic
or hyperosmotic] solution - Correct Answers -diffusion of water from hyposmotic solution
to hyperosmotic solution
osmosis: a solution with [higher or lower] concentration of water to a solution with
[higher or lower] concentration of water - Correct Answers -higher to lower
osmosis: a solution with [higher or lower] concentration of a solute with [higher of lower]
concentration of solute - Correct Answers -lower to higher
what is the smallest building blocks of matter? - Correct Answers -atoms
what are atoms composed of? include what type of charge it carries - Correct Answers -
atoms are composed of subatomic particles
protons +
neutrons no charge
,electrons -
what are the four most common atoms or elements which make up 96% of the body
chemistry - Correct Answers -oxygen
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen (CHON)
what are the remaining 4% of the body chemistry known as - Correct Answers -trace
elements
what forms when atoms of element are linked together - Correct Answers -molecules
what are the 3 types of chemical bonds that form into molecules - Correct Answers -
hydrogen, ionic, covalent
identify what type of chemical bond forms each molecule - Correct Answers -
what chemical bond will not dissociate (separate) in a solution - Correct Answers -
covalent, non polar, polar
what chemical bond will dissociate in a solution - Correct Answers -ionic
which of the molecules are polymers?
proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids - Correct Answers -proteins
carbs
nucleic acids
how many type of cells make up the human body - Correct Answers -200
what are tissues made of - Correct Answers -cells of similar structure and specialized
function
what type of tissue consists of cells specialized for contracting, which generates tension
and produces movement - Correct Answers -muscle tissue
what type of tissue consists of cells specialized for initiating and transmitting electrical
impulses - Correct Answers -nervous
what type of tissue consists of cells that are organized into epithelial sheets of secretory
glands - Correct Answers -epithelial
what type of tissue connects, supports, and anchors various body parts - Correct
Answers -connective
what type of muscle tissue movements the skeleton - Correct Answers -skeletal
, what type of muscle tissue controls the movement of contents through hollow tubes and
organs - Correct Answers -smooth
which of the following is a hollow tube
brain, kidney, blood vessel, blood - Correct Answers -blood vessel
what type of muscle tissue pumps blood from the heart - Correct Answers -cardiac
what type of muscle tissue have the slowest frequency of muscle concentration -
Correct Answers -smooth
what type of muscle tissue have the fastest frequency of muscle concentration - Correct
Answers -skeletal
what are the 4 ions involved in transmitting electrical impulses - Correct Answers -Na+,
K+, Cl-, Ca2+
what are glands derived from - Correct Answers -epithelial tissue
what glands secrete hormones into the blood - Correct Answers -endocrine glands
what type of glands are sweat glands - Correct Answers -exocrine glands
what type of tissue is blood - Correct Answers -connective
how many body systems make up the whole body of the human organism - Correct
Answers -11
define homeostasis - Correct Answers -a dynamic, relatively stable state in the internal
environment within a narrow limit despite interaction between the outside world
(extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, social environment/psychological stress)
what are the 2 different fluid compartments and know where each is found relative to a
cell - Correct Answers -intracellular fluid (ICF) - fluid inside the cell
extracellular fluid (ECF) - fluid outside the cell
body's internal environment, plasma, interstitial fluid
where is the internal environment - Correct Answers -ECF
what is the % of the total body water relative to the weight - Correct Answers -60%
know the ratio of each fluid compartment relative to the TBW - Correct Answers -ECF =
1/3 (plasma 20%, interstitial fluid 80%)
ICF = 2/3
