biol 227 Test Study Questions with
Complete Solutions
Analogous - ANS Shared characters but do not share common ancestor
Homologous - ANS Shared characters from a common ancestor
Synapomorphy - ANS Shared ancestral traits in two or more groups
Sporophyte - ANS Multi-cellular diploid form resulting from the union of gametes.
Undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores.
Sporangium - ANS Multi-cellular organ on sporophyte where meiosis occurs to form spores
Spore - ANS haploid cell produced by the sporophyte, divides by mitosis to make a
multicellular haploid gametohyte,
Homospore - ANS a single type of spore from plant
Gametophyte - ANS Multicellular haploid form that produces haploid gametes by mitosis.
Unite to make sporophytes
Gametangia - ANS Multicellular plant organ where gametes are produced
Archegonium - ANS Female gametangia --> eggs
Antheridia - ANS male gametanga --> sperm
, Archegoniophores - ANS (in certain moss and liverworts) a gametophore (gamete
producing structure) bearing only archegonia
Antheridiaphores - ANS (in certain moss and liverworts) a gametophore (gamete
producing structure) bearing only antheridia
Meiosis - ANS Cell division, produces spores in plants
Zygote - ANS Formed by a fertilization event between two gametes
Embryo - ANS Retained on female gametophyte
Oogamy - ANS Flagellated sperm swims to large egg. Form of sexual reproduction. Antheririda
= sperm, archegonia = eggs
Protonemata - ANS Thread like chain of cells that form at the earliest stage of a
germinating spore which grow into the gametophyte
Peristome - ANS Opening of the capsule on sporophyte, has teeth, help remove spores
Operculum - ANS Cap/lid on the capsule that dries when mature and falls off to release spores
Calyptra - ANS Expansion of the neck of archegonia - in complex thallose liverworts
Capsule - ANS Part of the sporophyte where spores are released from, is a sterile jacket layer
with sporogenous tissue
Seta - ANS long stem with foot embedded in gametophyte
Placenta - ANS Composed of transfer cells with high surface area. Is below foot of
sporophyte attached to gametophyte
Complete Solutions
Analogous - ANS Shared characters but do not share common ancestor
Homologous - ANS Shared characters from a common ancestor
Synapomorphy - ANS Shared ancestral traits in two or more groups
Sporophyte - ANS Multi-cellular diploid form resulting from the union of gametes.
Undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores.
Sporangium - ANS Multi-cellular organ on sporophyte where meiosis occurs to form spores
Spore - ANS haploid cell produced by the sporophyte, divides by mitosis to make a
multicellular haploid gametohyte,
Homospore - ANS a single type of spore from plant
Gametophyte - ANS Multicellular haploid form that produces haploid gametes by mitosis.
Unite to make sporophytes
Gametangia - ANS Multicellular plant organ where gametes are produced
Archegonium - ANS Female gametangia --> eggs
Antheridia - ANS male gametanga --> sperm
, Archegoniophores - ANS (in certain moss and liverworts) a gametophore (gamete
producing structure) bearing only archegonia
Antheridiaphores - ANS (in certain moss and liverworts) a gametophore (gamete
producing structure) bearing only antheridia
Meiosis - ANS Cell division, produces spores in plants
Zygote - ANS Formed by a fertilization event between two gametes
Embryo - ANS Retained on female gametophyte
Oogamy - ANS Flagellated sperm swims to large egg. Form of sexual reproduction. Antheririda
= sperm, archegonia = eggs
Protonemata - ANS Thread like chain of cells that form at the earliest stage of a
germinating spore which grow into the gametophyte
Peristome - ANS Opening of the capsule on sporophyte, has teeth, help remove spores
Operculum - ANS Cap/lid on the capsule that dries when mature and falls off to release spores
Calyptra - ANS Expansion of the neck of archegonia - in complex thallose liverworts
Capsule - ANS Part of the sporophyte where spores are released from, is a sterile jacket layer
with sporogenous tissue
Seta - ANS long stem with foot embedded in gametophyte
Placenta - ANS Composed of transfer cells with high surface area. Is below foot of
sporophyte attached to gametophyte
