BIOS252 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a1gbsx
1. List and describe Dura mater
the layers of the Arachnoid mater
meninges. Pia mater
2. Dura mater: -Outer periosteal layer
-most superficial of the three spinal meninges
-thick strong layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue
-surrounds spinal cord and is separated from vertebrae by epidural space
3. Arachnoid mater: -middle of the meningeal membranes
-thin, avascular covering comprised of cells and thin, loosely arranged collagen
and elastic fibers
-adheres to dura and is separated from pia by fibers spanning the subarachnoid
space that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
4. Pia mater: -innermost meninx
-thin transparent connective tissue layer that adheres to the surface of the spinal
cord and brain
-delicate membrane that follows contours of spinal cord
-continues inferiorly as a fibrous terminal filum that fuses with dura to form
coccygeal ligament
5. satellite cells -Surround somas of neurons in the ganglia
function -provide electrical insulation and regulate chemical environment of neurons
6. microglial cells Phagocytize and destroy microorganisms, foreign matter, and dead nervous tissue
function
7. Astrocytes func- -Cover brain surface and nonsynaptic regions of neurons
tion -form supportive framework in CNS
-induce formation of blood-brain barrier
-nourish neurons
-produce growth factors that stimulate neurons
, BIOS252 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a1gbsx
-promote the formation of synapses and neural circuitry
-communicate electrically with neurons and may influence synaptic signaling
-form scar tissue to replace damaged nervous tissue
8. Schwann cells -Form neurilemma around all PNS nerve fibers and myelin around most of them
function -aid in regeneration of damaged nerve fibers
9. ependymal cells -Line cavities of brain and spinal cord
function -secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
10. Wernicke area -recognition of spoken and written language
function -formulates phrases and transmits plan of speech to Broca area
11. List and describe -major control center of the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems
the functions of -plays an essential role in the homeostatic regulation of nearly all organs of the
the hypothala- body
mus -Hormone secretion
-Autonomic effects
-Thermoregulation
-Food and water intake
-Sleep and circadian rhythms
-Memory
-Emotional behavior and sexual response
-produces orexins: neuropeptides that stimulate wakefulness
12. posterior (dorsal) -Receives sensory input information and also receives input that is involved in the
horns of the coordination of reflexes
spinal cord -receives sensory nerve fibers from the spinal nerves, which usually synapse with
networks of interneurons in the horn
13. Dopamine -elevation of mood and control of skeletal muscles
14. Acetylcholine
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a1gbsx
1. List and describe Dura mater
the layers of the Arachnoid mater
meninges. Pia mater
2. Dura mater: -Outer periosteal layer
-most superficial of the three spinal meninges
-thick strong layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue
-surrounds spinal cord and is separated from vertebrae by epidural space
3. Arachnoid mater: -middle of the meningeal membranes
-thin, avascular covering comprised of cells and thin, loosely arranged collagen
and elastic fibers
-adheres to dura and is separated from pia by fibers spanning the subarachnoid
space that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
4. Pia mater: -innermost meninx
-thin transparent connective tissue layer that adheres to the surface of the spinal
cord and brain
-delicate membrane that follows contours of spinal cord
-continues inferiorly as a fibrous terminal filum that fuses with dura to form
coccygeal ligament
5. satellite cells -Surround somas of neurons in the ganglia
function -provide electrical insulation and regulate chemical environment of neurons
6. microglial cells Phagocytize and destroy microorganisms, foreign matter, and dead nervous tissue
function
7. Astrocytes func- -Cover brain surface and nonsynaptic regions of neurons
tion -form supportive framework in CNS
-induce formation of blood-brain barrier
-nourish neurons
-produce growth factors that stimulate neurons
, BIOS252 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a1gbsx
-promote the formation of synapses and neural circuitry
-communicate electrically with neurons and may influence synaptic signaling
-form scar tissue to replace damaged nervous tissue
8. Schwann cells -Form neurilemma around all PNS nerve fibers and myelin around most of them
function -aid in regeneration of damaged nerve fibers
9. ependymal cells -Line cavities of brain and spinal cord
function -secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
10. Wernicke area -recognition of spoken and written language
function -formulates phrases and transmits plan of speech to Broca area
11. List and describe -major control center of the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems
the functions of -plays an essential role in the homeostatic regulation of nearly all organs of the
the hypothala- body
mus -Hormone secretion
-Autonomic effects
-Thermoregulation
-Food and water intake
-Sleep and circadian rhythms
-Memory
-Emotional behavior and sexual response
-produces orexins: neuropeptides that stimulate wakefulness
12. posterior (dorsal) -Receives sensory input information and also receives input that is involved in the
horns of the coordination of reflexes
spinal cord -receives sensory nerve fibers from the spinal nerves, which usually synapse with
networks of interneurons in the horn
13. Dopamine -elevation of mood and control of skeletal muscles
14. Acetylcholine
