WCU Pathophysiology midterm review questions and
answers with solutions 2025
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina. - ANSWER Prinzmetal Variant
Hypertrophy of the right ventricle is a compensatory response to - ANSWER Pulmonary Stenosis
Sings and symptoms of extracellular fluid volume excess include - ANSWER bounding pulse
Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular - ANSWER death
A patient presenting with fever, hypotension, and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing
what type of shock? - ANSWER Septic
When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow - ANSWER decreases
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what
type of shock? - ANSWER Septic
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANSWER β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
A patient with heart failure who reports intermittent shortness of breath during the night is
experiencing - ANSWER paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
The effects of histamine release include - ANSWER increased vascular permeability
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is - ANSWER Bence Jones proteins in the urine
,Emesis causes - ANSWER metabolic alkalosis
Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _________ necrosis - ANSWER liquefactive
Metabolic alkalosis is often accompanied by - ANSWER hypokalemia
A patient diagnosed with chronic compensated heart failure reports that, "My feet swell if I eat
salt but I don't understand why" The nurse's best response is - ANSWER "Salt holds water in
your blood and makes more pressure against your blood vessels, so fluid leaks out into your
tissues and makes them swell."
Cancer grading is based on - ANSWER cell differentiation
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is - ANSWER Selective
IgA
Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms? - ANSWER
Preexcitation syndrome tachycardia (Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome)
A 3-year old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, bu
a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with - ANSWER Hemophilia
The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of - ANSWER
apoptosis
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions because -
ANSWER massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation
, What results when systemic blood pressure is increased? - ANSWER Vasoconstriction
The increased anterior-posterior chest diameter associated with obstructive lung disease is
caused by - ANSWER increased residual lung volume
Hypernatremia may be caused by - ANSWER decreased antidiuretic hormone secretion
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce
production of - ANSWER nitric oxide
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine BP of 110/70
and a HR of 100? - ANSWER Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring? - ANSWER
Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
Neuromuscular disorders impair lung function primarily because of - ANSWER weak muscles of
respiration
Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete? - ANSWER Carbonic
Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with - ANSWER acute onset of left
ventricular dysfunction
A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of the vasomotor center is
cardiogenic - ANSWER False, neurogenic shock
answers with solutions 2025
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina. - ANSWER Prinzmetal Variant
Hypertrophy of the right ventricle is a compensatory response to - ANSWER Pulmonary Stenosis
Sings and symptoms of extracellular fluid volume excess include - ANSWER bounding pulse
Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular - ANSWER death
A patient presenting with fever, hypotension, and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing
what type of shock? - ANSWER Septic
When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow - ANSWER decreases
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what
type of shock? - ANSWER Septic
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANSWER β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
A patient with heart failure who reports intermittent shortness of breath during the night is
experiencing - ANSWER paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
The effects of histamine release include - ANSWER increased vascular permeability
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is - ANSWER Bence Jones proteins in the urine
,Emesis causes - ANSWER metabolic alkalosis
Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _________ necrosis - ANSWER liquefactive
Metabolic alkalosis is often accompanied by - ANSWER hypokalemia
A patient diagnosed with chronic compensated heart failure reports that, "My feet swell if I eat
salt but I don't understand why" The nurse's best response is - ANSWER "Salt holds water in
your blood and makes more pressure against your blood vessels, so fluid leaks out into your
tissues and makes them swell."
Cancer grading is based on - ANSWER cell differentiation
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is - ANSWER Selective
IgA
Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms? - ANSWER
Preexcitation syndrome tachycardia (Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome)
A 3-year old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, bu
a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with - ANSWER Hemophilia
The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of - ANSWER
apoptosis
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions because -
ANSWER massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation
, What results when systemic blood pressure is increased? - ANSWER Vasoconstriction
The increased anterior-posterior chest diameter associated with obstructive lung disease is
caused by - ANSWER increased residual lung volume
Hypernatremia may be caused by - ANSWER decreased antidiuretic hormone secretion
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce
production of - ANSWER nitric oxide
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine BP of 110/70
and a HR of 100? - ANSWER Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring? - ANSWER
Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
Neuromuscular disorders impair lung function primarily because of - ANSWER weak muscles of
respiration
Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete? - ANSWER Carbonic
Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with - ANSWER acute onset of left
ventricular dysfunction
A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of the vasomotor center is
cardiogenic - ANSWER False, neurogenic shock
