BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology
Exam 1 updated 2024 with Correct
Answers | 2025 LATEST UPDATED.
basic functions of all living things
-responsiveness
-growth
-reproduction
-movement
-metabolism
anatomy
structure
-cutting open
study of the structure of the human body
-external and internal
-physical relationships between body parts
physiology
study of function of anatomical structure
-how organs work separate and together
gross anatomy
include:
-surface anatomy: what you can see on surface, study of general form and superficial markings
-regional anatomy: study of all superficial and internal features of a specific region of the body
systemic anatomy: study of the structure of major organ systems
microscopic anatomy
includes:
-cytology: study of cells
-histology: study of tissues and organs under a microscope
levels of organization **
-molecule-cell-tissue-organ-organ system- organism
levels of organization : chemical level
,-Atoms are the smallest stable units of matter
-Atoms combine to form molecules
-Molecular shape defines function
levels of organization : cellular level
-Cells are the smallest living units
-Cellular structures have specific functions
-Different cell types have different functions
levels of organization:
tissue level
-A collection of cells working together to perform a specific function
-4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
levels of organization:
organ level
Organ: Two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions
levels of organization:
organ system level
Two or more organs working together to perform specific functions
levels of organization:
organism level
all organ systems working together to maintain health
the integumentary system
-skin
-Protects against
environmental hazards
-Helps control body temperature
-Sensory information
the skeletal system
-bones
-Provides support
-Protects tissues
, -Stores minerals
-Forms blood cells
-calcium is important for muscle function
-body regulate Ca+ if not enough it will take from bones
-axial skeleton: skull and ribs
-appendicular skeleton: limbs
the muscular system
-Allows for movement
-Provides protection and support
-Produces heat when burning energy
-skeletal voluntary muscle
-muscle contract when cold
"shivering"
include: axial muscle, appendicular muscle, tendons
the nervous system
-Directs immediate responses to
stimuli, usually by coordinating the
activities of other organ systems
-Provides and interprets sensory
information
-Cognitive functions
-central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
-peripheral nervous system:
peripheral nerves
Exam 1 updated 2024 with Correct
Answers | 2025 LATEST UPDATED.
basic functions of all living things
-responsiveness
-growth
-reproduction
-movement
-metabolism
anatomy
structure
-cutting open
study of the structure of the human body
-external and internal
-physical relationships between body parts
physiology
study of function of anatomical structure
-how organs work separate and together
gross anatomy
include:
-surface anatomy: what you can see on surface, study of general form and superficial markings
-regional anatomy: study of all superficial and internal features of a specific region of the body
systemic anatomy: study of the structure of major organ systems
microscopic anatomy
includes:
-cytology: study of cells
-histology: study of tissues and organs under a microscope
levels of organization **
-molecule-cell-tissue-organ-organ system- organism
levels of organization : chemical level
,-Atoms are the smallest stable units of matter
-Atoms combine to form molecules
-Molecular shape defines function
levels of organization : cellular level
-Cells are the smallest living units
-Cellular structures have specific functions
-Different cell types have different functions
levels of organization:
tissue level
-A collection of cells working together to perform a specific function
-4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
levels of organization:
organ level
Organ: Two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions
levels of organization:
organ system level
Two or more organs working together to perform specific functions
levels of organization:
organism level
all organ systems working together to maintain health
the integumentary system
-skin
-Protects against
environmental hazards
-Helps control body temperature
-Sensory information
the skeletal system
-bones
-Provides support
-Protects tissues
, -Stores minerals
-Forms blood cells
-calcium is important for muscle function
-body regulate Ca+ if not enough it will take from bones
-axial skeleton: skull and ribs
-appendicular skeleton: limbs
the muscular system
-Allows for movement
-Provides protection and support
-Produces heat when burning energy
-skeletal voluntary muscle
-muscle contract when cold
"shivering"
include: axial muscle, appendicular muscle, tendons
the nervous system
-Directs immediate responses to
stimuli, usually by coordinating the
activities of other organ systems
-Provides and interprets sensory
information
-Cognitive functions
-central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
-peripheral nervous system:
peripheral nerves
