CTRI Exam Questions with 100% Correct Solutions
Characteristics of a Program Horse - ANS respond to diverse groups of handlers, tolerate
sporadic movement, non-reactive, and tolerate new experiences
Approximate Age of Suitable Equine - ANS 8-16 years, late teens or early twenties
Does breed matter when selecting equines? - ANS Not necessarily, some breeds are more able
to accommodate therapeutic programs, but it is not a determining factor
What are some considerations for confirmation? - ANS Confirmation should not impact ability
to perform activities or create unsoundness. An equine does not need perfect confirmation to
be considered. (Long-term soundness is the goal)
Describe General Gait - ANS moves forward easily and is able to pick up feet well, may respond
to voice commands
rack - ANS faster exaggerated four-beat gait
running walk - ANS four-beat gait with lateral sequence, hind hoof will set down before forefoot
on same side
tolt - ANS four-beat gait with ipsilateral sequence of footfalls and eight phases
General Heigh for Program Horses - ANS 14-15HH
Navicular Disease - ANS inflammation or degeneration of the navicular bone and its
surrounding tissues usually in the front feet of the horse
ringbone lameness - ANS affects the pastern and coffin joints in horses
, laminitis - ANS inflammation and damage of the tissue between the hoof and underlying coffin
bone
reliability - ANS equine is consistent and dependable
Lungeing - ANS builds the top-line, useful for reinforcing vocal aids, and expands lesson
programs
Factors that Impact Student and Equine - ANS Participants height, weight, volunteers needed,
mounting procedure, lesson goals, temperament, cognitive characteristics, sensory needs, skill
level, tack
How to discourage equine burnout - ANS enrichment, careful selection, allow for breaks, fitness
programs, turnouts, and relationships with specific handlers
signs of burnout in equines - ANS changes in behavior, nipping, avoidance of being haltered,
pinning ears, and hesitation
signs of equine stress - ANS showing whites of eyes, pinned ears, rapidly moving arms, gnawing,
flared nostrils, repetitive behaviors such as cribbing, excessive sweating, tail swishing,
unwillingness to work, decreased appetite, attempts to feel
Stressors - ANS temperatures, shifts in weather, stabling stress, trailering, changes in routine,
illness, difficult mounting or dismounting (think about whiskey and cider) inappropriate
workloads, carrying unbalanced riders (huckleberry)
During a lesson, the instructor observes an equine is swishing the tail, nipping, and pinning ears.
These behaviors could likely indicate any of the following except:
a. unbalanced rider
b. incorrect handling by the leader
Characteristics of a Program Horse - ANS respond to diverse groups of handlers, tolerate
sporadic movement, non-reactive, and tolerate new experiences
Approximate Age of Suitable Equine - ANS 8-16 years, late teens or early twenties
Does breed matter when selecting equines? - ANS Not necessarily, some breeds are more able
to accommodate therapeutic programs, but it is not a determining factor
What are some considerations for confirmation? - ANS Confirmation should not impact ability
to perform activities or create unsoundness. An equine does not need perfect confirmation to
be considered. (Long-term soundness is the goal)
Describe General Gait - ANS moves forward easily and is able to pick up feet well, may respond
to voice commands
rack - ANS faster exaggerated four-beat gait
running walk - ANS four-beat gait with lateral sequence, hind hoof will set down before forefoot
on same side
tolt - ANS four-beat gait with ipsilateral sequence of footfalls and eight phases
General Heigh for Program Horses - ANS 14-15HH
Navicular Disease - ANS inflammation or degeneration of the navicular bone and its
surrounding tissues usually in the front feet of the horse
ringbone lameness - ANS affects the pastern and coffin joints in horses
, laminitis - ANS inflammation and damage of the tissue between the hoof and underlying coffin
bone
reliability - ANS equine is consistent and dependable
Lungeing - ANS builds the top-line, useful for reinforcing vocal aids, and expands lesson
programs
Factors that Impact Student and Equine - ANS Participants height, weight, volunteers needed,
mounting procedure, lesson goals, temperament, cognitive characteristics, sensory needs, skill
level, tack
How to discourage equine burnout - ANS enrichment, careful selection, allow for breaks, fitness
programs, turnouts, and relationships with specific handlers
signs of burnout in equines - ANS changes in behavior, nipping, avoidance of being haltered,
pinning ears, and hesitation
signs of equine stress - ANS showing whites of eyes, pinned ears, rapidly moving arms, gnawing,
flared nostrils, repetitive behaviors such as cribbing, excessive sweating, tail swishing,
unwillingness to work, decreased appetite, attempts to feel
Stressors - ANS temperatures, shifts in weather, stabling stress, trailering, changes in routine,
illness, difficult mounting or dismounting (think about whiskey and cider) inappropriate
workloads, carrying unbalanced riders (huckleberry)
During a lesson, the instructor observes an equine is swishing the tail, nipping, and pinning ears.
These behaviors could likely indicate any of the following except:
a. unbalanced rider
b. incorrect handling by the leader
