NUSCTX 104 Final Exam UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Nutrigenomics - CORRECT ANSWER - The relationship between genes and diet
Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - Individually what someone eats
Cuisine - CORRECT ANSWER - Collectively what a population eats
Physical Environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Why do we grow what we do? Climate,
soil, water, plant life, animal life.
Socioeconomic environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Broader economic and political
environment affects access to food.
Sociocultural Environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Technology, social organization, and
ideology
Technology - CORRECT ANSWER - A society's technology interacts with other aspects
of culture (ex. fire)
Social Organization - CORRECT ANSWER - Norms that regulate relationships and, in
turn, access to food.
Family - CORRECT ANSWER - Important economic unit responsible for producing and
distributing food.
,Ideology - CORRECT ANSWER - Accepted definition of what is food. Possibly shaped
by religion, symbolism.
Sodium intake - CORRECT ANSWER - High and very low sodium intake correlated with
CVD
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Developing a new characteristic
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER - Fine-tuning a characteristic
Humans are... - CORRECT ANSWER - Opportunistic omnivores
SAD - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard American Diet: Processed foods, added sugars,
sedentary lifestyle, high levels of omega-6 vs omega-3.
Microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER - Gut bacteria that have evolved with human and
dietary evolution. Symbiotic relationship.
Evolution of humans - CORRECT ANSWER - C/N isotopes in bones and teeth, tooth
morphology, dietary behavior of other primates, bones/shells next to hominid bones, locomotion
and skeletal anatomy.
Ardipithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 7-4 mya, closest link to other primates
Australopithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 4-2 mya, walked upright regularly,
climbed trees
Parathropus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 3-1 mya, large teeth, powerful jaws
, Homo group - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.5 mya, larger brains, tools, expanded beyond
Africa
The Expensive Tissue hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Big brains, small guts: Brains
are greedy for glucose, human brain uses 20% of BMR
Man-the-Hunter hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Human physiology started to change
about 2 mya due to increased caloric density from meat
The Cooking hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Cooking increases overall energy
obtained from that food by making digestion easier
Homo sapiens - CORRECT ANSWER - 200,000ya-present, Africa to worldwide, lived
through Paleolithic area
Paleolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.5mya-12,000ya, characterized by development
of stone tools, hunter-gatherer societies, low population density.
Neolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER - 12,000ya, aka "agricultural revolution"
domestication of plants and animals
Agricultural revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER - Lead to population
explosion, but also less diverse diet which leads to difficulty achieving balance, nutritional
deficiencies, risk of famine, infectious diseases, social inequality.
Neolithic era social changes - CORRECT ANSWER - Population growth, larger group
settlements -> social interaction, not everyone had to be involved in getting food, food trade
The Industrial Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Late 18th century, innovative
technologies led to mass production.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Nutrigenomics - CORRECT ANSWER - The relationship between genes and diet
Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - Individually what someone eats
Cuisine - CORRECT ANSWER - Collectively what a population eats
Physical Environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Why do we grow what we do? Climate,
soil, water, plant life, animal life.
Socioeconomic environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Broader economic and political
environment affects access to food.
Sociocultural Environment - CORRECT ANSWER - Technology, social organization, and
ideology
Technology - CORRECT ANSWER - A society's technology interacts with other aspects
of culture (ex. fire)
Social Organization - CORRECT ANSWER - Norms that regulate relationships and, in
turn, access to food.
Family - CORRECT ANSWER - Important economic unit responsible for producing and
distributing food.
,Ideology - CORRECT ANSWER - Accepted definition of what is food. Possibly shaped
by religion, symbolism.
Sodium intake - CORRECT ANSWER - High and very low sodium intake correlated with
CVD
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Developing a new characteristic
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER - Fine-tuning a characteristic
Humans are... - CORRECT ANSWER - Opportunistic omnivores
SAD - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard American Diet: Processed foods, added sugars,
sedentary lifestyle, high levels of omega-6 vs omega-3.
Microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER - Gut bacteria that have evolved with human and
dietary evolution. Symbiotic relationship.
Evolution of humans - CORRECT ANSWER - C/N isotopes in bones and teeth, tooth
morphology, dietary behavior of other primates, bones/shells next to hominid bones, locomotion
and skeletal anatomy.
Ardipithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 7-4 mya, closest link to other primates
Australopithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 4-2 mya, walked upright regularly,
climbed trees
Parathropus group - CORRECT ANSWER - 3-1 mya, large teeth, powerful jaws
, Homo group - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.5 mya, larger brains, tools, expanded beyond
Africa
The Expensive Tissue hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Big brains, small guts: Brains
are greedy for glucose, human brain uses 20% of BMR
Man-the-Hunter hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Human physiology started to change
about 2 mya due to increased caloric density from meat
The Cooking hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Cooking increases overall energy
obtained from that food by making digestion easier
Homo sapiens - CORRECT ANSWER - 200,000ya-present, Africa to worldwide, lived
through Paleolithic area
Paleolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.5mya-12,000ya, characterized by development
of stone tools, hunter-gatherer societies, low population density.
Neolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER - 12,000ya, aka "agricultural revolution"
domestication of plants and animals
Agricultural revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER - Lead to population
explosion, but also less diverse diet which leads to difficulty achieving balance, nutritional
deficiencies, risk of famine, infectious diseases, social inequality.
Neolithic era social changes - CORRECT ANSWER - Population growth, larger group
settlements -> social interaction, not everyone had to be involved in getting food, food trade
The Industrial Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Late 18th century, innovative
technologies led to mass production.
