SHS 222 Study Guide | Questions with complete solutions

SHS 222 Study Guide | Questions with complete solutions According to the video, in the past, hearing people saw deafness as a "horrendous misfortune" and believed that deaf people could not be educated True HEARING-BUT means a person can hear, but they are almost like a Deaf person in terms of ASL ability and competence with Deaf culture Bell said that "Legal prohibition of marriage should only be reasoned to in cases where there could be no manner of doubt that the community would suffer as a result of the marriage." What is Greenwald's opinion on Bell's statement? His papers and his association with eugenics practitioners imply that the human race would suffer if deaf people were allowed to procreate The practice of capitalizing the D in Deaf has been utilized since the 1980s and refers to people who do not hear and who choose to use ASL, participate in the Deaf community, and embrace Deaf culture To many Deaf people, Hard-of-Hearing signals someone whose experiences are closer to those of hearing people Most deaf people are born to deaf parents and have deaf children of their own. False Residential school experience, use of ASL as the primary form of communication, and participation in the wider Deaf community are visible markers of traditional facets of Deaf culture Alexander Graham Bell is best known for inventing the telephone Deaf people want you to see them as having a physical handicap, as being not normal, and as wanted to be cured False Laurent Clerc brought ____________ to the United States French Sign Language France is important in the history of Deaf culture and ASL because: a. the history of French sign language provides us with evidence that natural sign language existed b. it was a Frenchman, Laurent Clerc, who came to the US with Gallaudet to help us establish what would eventually become Gallaudet University c. Laurent Clerc, the Frenchman who came to the US with Gallaudet, helped us to model an early form of ASL on a mixture of our own 'homegrown' signs plus English grammar, plus signs from Old French Sign Language (OFSL) Today, ASL is still not recognized or accepted as a legitimate language, as linguists have not yet found that it can express any thought, idea, or concept in the way that a spoken language can. False American Sign Language, Pidgin Sign English, and Signed Exact English are all signed mediums of communication, although, as you have learned, they are not considered linguistically (or socially) equal. In terms of efficiency of communication, rank the signing styles from longest to shortest duration when all are used to describe the same thing: SEE, PSE, ASL Martha's Vineyard is an example of a strong and flourishing Deaf community and provides evidence of an indigenous sign language being used on the island A young cleric in Paris named Abbe de L'Epee recognized that sign language: could be used to educate deaf children Englished ASL has also been called Modern ASL Do signed languages have all types of variation: social, ethnic, gender, age, as well as linguistic variation, like phonological, morphological, lexical, and so on? Yes. Communicative competence is the idea that, when someone knows a language, they know how to use the forms of the language, and nothing more. False The study of the interrelationship of language and social structure, including language variation, language contact, language planning and policy, language attitudes, and conversation analysis, is called Sociolinguistics Which of these is not a language? Signed English McCaskill's study concludes that older signers held a more negative view of Black signing because of the experiences in segregated schools with fewer resources and poor teaching skills Although speakers of African American English experience discrimination, African American English continues to serve as a symbol of cultural solidarity among its speakers Even after segregation became illegal, Black children's contact with white children was limited just to school setting True The existence of a Miss Black Deaf America pageant is just one example of how far the Black Deaf community has come in providing visibility and role models, uniting and advocating for a common cause, and showcasing leadership. True When someone observes a signer signing Black ASL and "feels like it is different" from ASL, what they are probably noticing, even though they may not be able to put their finger on it, is a combination of (check all that apply): b. incorporation of African American English into Black ASL, where African American English influence is not particularly prominent in ASL c. differences in two-handed versus one-handedness of signs d. vocabulary differences between ASL and BASL f. location of signs on the forehead in ASL that are lowered to another place in BASL Poor communication skills, low socioeconomic status, and an unfavorable self-image are results of ____________________ and ______________________ among Black deaf individuals. undereducation; underemployment The first teacher of deaf and blind people of color at the Maryland School for the Colored Deaf and Blind was Reverend Samuel Adams, a white person The first Deaf African American alumnus of Gallaudet to earn a doctorate was _______________ in 1982. Dr. Glenn B. Anderson According to Hairston, the future of Black signs does not look promising Black Deaf persons typically experience only one type of prejudice: ableism. False A separate class for deaf children is a class in a regular public school that, because of a sufficient number of deaf children, is formed for deaf children to take most of all of their subjects as a grade-level group The ___________________ d/Deaf you are, the __________________ likely you are to be educated in a residential school. more, more When 5-year-old deaf children enter kindergarten, they have not had the same experiences with English as hearing, English-speaking 5-year-olds, and so learning to read and write English is not easy for the deaf children, since they do not even know English itself. True According to Stapleton, covert experiences with racism, particularly subtle verbal, nonverbal, and/or visual assaults that seem unconscious, pervasive, and hard to prove are called _____________________. Though they have been seen historically as race related, they can be defined as unintentional behavioral and environmental slights and indignities toward any marginalized group. Black students with a variety of social identities experience varying types of these. Microaggressions Language and speech differ in that speech is one way to transmit language Day schools for deaf children differ from residential schools for deaf children none of these options are correct Black deaf children are more likely to be educated in ___________________ and ____________________. separate schools, residential schools ASL from a young age gives deaf children full and natural access to syntactic, semantic, and discourse features such as turn-taking, sentence focus, separation of old and new information, ways to show sentence boundaries, and adverb functions. These are all: all of these options are correct a. concepts that a child with no ASL will have trouble navigating in English b. not part of any standard English lessons for deaf students c. things that hearing English-speaking children learn through speech as part of normal English usage d. all of these options are correct This can be defined as a room at a regular public school with a special teacher who periodically pulls and works with the student in areas of special need. Resource room When 5-year-old deaf children enter kindergarten, they have had the same experiences with English as hearing, English-speaking 5-year-olds, and so learning to read and write English is as easy for the deaf children as it is for the hearing children. False ___________________ is the linguistic term for a word whose meaning is semantically fixed but which can only be understood through context. An example of this is the word "I", which means "Laura" when Laura is referring to herself as a subject, but which means "Tom" when Tom is referring to himself as a subject. The meaning of the words is therefore context-dependent and are often relative to the perception or location of the speaker. Deixis ASL and PST use the same signing space. False Signing space in PST is not particularly important. False The Assiniboine religion deems that since kind spirits prefer quiet behavior and silence, both options are correct Answers: a. using Plains Sign Talk is one way to avoid the noise of the voice and therefore contribute to the quiet aesthetic b. it is preferable to noticeably lower the volume of conversation when speaking Nakota Plains Sign Talk is used almost exclusively by Deaf Plains Indians False The shape that is central to Plains Indians storytelling is Circle During a typical storytelling context, for example at home, signs in Plains Sign Talk will most often occur in the periphery of the circular signing space. False Plains Indians believe that kind spirits tend to prefer loud noises, and so Indian Americans tend to speak more loudly than non-Indian Americans False Farnell's book chapter provides us with a story in which Inktomi (the trickster) and the Frog come to terms with how many seasons will be hot and how many will be cold. The story uses circles to model how to interact politically and socially, and it is symbolic of equality. The circle motif provides a way to visually organize references, use pronouns, and inflect verbs in Plains Sign Talk Hearing Plains Indians use Plains Sign Talk for religious reasons. True Who used stove soot and his own saliva to create his art? James Castle Patrick Graybill's ASL poem "Liberation" holds which meaning? Graybill's feelings of liberation in being able to freely use ASL When writing down oral poetry, the person writing it may overlook: intangible elements that provide an extra dimension Since listeners cannot review or "reread" what they hear, the oral poet must draw on a number of strategies to make the poem: immediately understandable Who is considered the most prolific practitioner in the genre of affirmative Deaf art? Chuck Baird When a poet must create their work without the aid of pen and paper or recording equipment, it is referred to as __________. Dramatic What is the point of vernacular ASL poetry? It has no point except to share experience through the masterful use of language.