AnP 1 Final Exam
collagen fibers - ANS-the structural elements found in vertebrate tissues that transmit forces,
store, and dissipate energy. can be found in connective tissues
\Define histology - ANS-study of tissues
\Define homeostasis - ANS-when individual body cells perform specific functions
\Define negative feedback - ANS-to correct a deviation from a set point
\Ear wax is also called - ANS-cerumen
\Elastic cartilage - ANS-contains matrix and can be found in the external ear
\Fibrocartilage - ANS-contains collagen and can be found in intervertebral discs
\goblet cells - ANS-a column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which
secretes the main component of mucus.
\how are cartilage and bone similar and different? - ANS-cartilage lacks nerve fibers. both
contain an extra cellular matrix
\how is fast glycolytic fibers blood flow? - ANS-slow and fatigue quickly
\how is fast oxidative fibers blood flow? - ANS-very fast and good flow
\how is slow oxidative fiber blood flow? - ANS-slow and poor
\in what order does light pass through the eye? - ANS-cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous
humor
\pseudostratified epithelium - ANS-single layers of cell positioned in a manner suggestive of
stratified epithelia. can be found in the trachea
\simple squamous - ANS-found where rapid diffusion is a priority such as kidneys and lungs
\What are amphiarthroses? - ANS-slightly movable joints
\What are axons? - ANS-where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received
by other neurons
\What are canaliculi? - ANS-Hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central
canal
\What are cardiac muscles? - ANS-muscles found only in the heart
\What are cartilaginous joints? - ANS-A type of joint where the bones are entirely joined by
cartilage
\What are cleavage lines? - ANS-most collagen fibers parallel to skin surface
\What are dendrites? - ANS-where a neuron receives input from other cells
\what are depolarization of a neuron Na/K? - ANS-Na
\What are diarthroses? - ANS-freely movable joints
\What are fast glycolytic fibers? - ANS-use anaerobic glycolysis as their ATP source
\What are fast oxidative fibers? - ANS-relatively fast contractions and primarily use aerobic
respiration to generate ATP
\What are fibrous joints? - ANS-I type of joint where the bones are joined by strong fibrous
tissue rich in collagen
\What are myofibrils? - ANS-elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells
\What are neuroglial cells? - ANS-a large class of neutral cells of ectodermal. such as astroglia,
oligodendroglia, peripheral glial cells, and mesodermal (microglia) origin
, \What are osteoblasts? - ANS-bone matrix
\What are osteoclasts? - ANS-bone resorbing
\What are skeletal muscles? - ANS-muscles found in and attached to the skeleton
\What are slow oxidative fibers? - ANS-structural elements that maximize their ability to
generate ATP through aerobic metabolism
\what are smooth muscles? - ANS-muscles found in hollow organs such as liver, kidneys, and
the intestines
\What are synarthroses? - ANS-immovable joints
\What are synovial joints? - ANS-The most common and most movable type of joint in a
mammals body
\What are the 6 distinguishing features of synovial joints? - ANS-articular cartilage, joint cavity,
articular capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, nerves and blood vessels
\what are the events of the neuromuscular junction? - ANS-an AP travels down the axon. to the
axon terminal. -Electrical gated calcium channels open.....
-Calcium causes the vesicles to.....
-ACH diffuses across the synaptic cleft.....
-ACH binding opens ion channels....
-If the muscle reaches the threshold (-55mv) at the motor end plate.....
-ACH is broken down by.
\What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANS-support, protection, movement, storage,
blood cell formation
\what are the layers of the dermis? - ANS-papillary layer and reticular layer. the reticular layer is
80% of the dermis
\What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANS-stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum
granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
\What are the layers of the skin? - ANS-epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
\what are the main functions of rods? - ANS-vision in dim light
\What are the properties of muscle tissue? - ANS-contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity
\what are the sequence of events of muscle contraction? - ANS-depolarization and calcium ion
release. actin and myosin cross-bridge formation. Sliding mechanism of actin and myosin
filaments. sarcomere shortening
\what cell does growth hormone target? - ANS-the prolactin receptor
\what does hyperopia mean? - ANS-farsightedness
\what does myopia mean? - ANS-nearsightedness
\what factors influence hair growth? - ANS-hormones and nutrition
\what gland produces ear wax? - ANS-ceruminous glands
\What is a ball and socket joint? - ANS-A joint that allows all movement. Ex: shoulder, hip
\what is a blind spot in the eye? - ANS-no photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye
\what is a bruise? - ANS-blood or bleeding under the skin due to trauma of any kind
\What is a condyloid joint? - ANS-A synovial joint that allows 2 degrees of motion Ex: wrist
\What is a fasicle? - ANS-a bundle of muscle fibers
\What is a gomphosis? - ANS-peg-in-socket fibrous joint
\What is a hinge joint? - ANS-A joint that clips into another bone. Ex: humerus, ulna
\What is a pivot joint? - ANS-A joint that allows medial, and lateral rotation. Ex: radius, ulna
collagen fibers - ANS-the structural elements found in vertebrate tissues that transmit forces,
store, and dissipate energy. can be found in connective tissues
\Define histology - ANS-study of tissues
\Define homeostasis - ANS-when individual body cells perform specific functions
\Define negative feedback - ANS-to correct a deviation from a set point
\Ear wax is also called - ANS-cerumen
\Elastic cartilage - ANS-contains matrix and can be found in the external ear
\Fibrocartilage - ANS-contains collagen and can be found in intervertebral discs
\goblet cells - ANS-a column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which
secretes the main component of mucus.
\how are cartilage and bone similar and different? - ANS-cartilage lacks nerve fibers. both
contain an extra cellular matrix
\how is fast glycolytic fibers blood flow? - ANS-slow and fatigue quickly
\how is fast oxidative fibers blood flow? - ANS-very fast and good flow
\how is slow oxidative fiber blood flow? - ANS-slow and poor
\in what order does light pass through the eye? - ANS-cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous
humor
\pseudostratified epithelium - ANS-single layers of cell positioned in a manner suggestive of
stratified epithelia. can be found in the trachea
\simple squamous - ANS-found where rapid diffusion is a priority such as kidneys and lungs
\What are amphiarthroses? - ANS-slightly movable joints
\What are axons? - ANS-where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received
by other neurons
\What are canaliculi? - ANS-Hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central
canal
\What are cardiac muscles? - ANS-muscles found only in the heart
\What are cartilaginous joints? - ANS-A type of joint where the bones are entirely joined by
cartilage
\What are cleavage lines? - ANS-most collagen fibers parallel to skin surface
\What are dendrites? - ANS-where a neuron receives input from other cells
\what are depolarization of a neuron Na/K? - ANS-Na
\What are diarthroses? - ANS-freely movable joints
\What are fast glycolytic fibers? - ANS-use anaerobic glycolysis as their ATP source
\What are fast oxidative fibers? - ANS-relatively fast contractions and primarily use aerobic
respiration to generate ATP
\What are fibrous joints? - ANS-I type of joint where the bones are joined by strong fibrous
tissue rich in collagen
\What are myofibrils? - ANS-elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells
\What are neuroglial cells? - ANS-a large class of neutral cells of ectodermal. such as astroglia,
oligodendroglia, peripheral glial cells, and mesodermal (microglia) origin
, \What are osteoblasts? - ANS-bone matrix
\What are osteoclasts? - ANS-bone resorbing
\What are skeletal muscles? - ANS-muscles found in and attached to the skeleton
\What are slow oxidative fibers? - ANS-structural elements that maximize their ability to
generate ATP through aerobic metabolism
\what are smooth muscles? - ANS-muscles found in hollow organs such as liver, kidneys, and
the intestines
\What are synarthroses? - ANS-immovable joints
\What are synovial joints? - ANS-The most common and most movable type of joint in a
mammals body
\What are the 6 distinguishing features of synovial joints? - ANS-articular cartilage, joint cavity,
articular capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, nerves and blood vessels
\what are the events of the neuromuscular junction? - ANS-an AP travels down the axon. to the
axon terminal. -Electrical gated calcium channels open.....
-Calcium causes the vesicles to.....
-ACH diffuses across the synaptic cleft.....
-ACH binding opens ion channels....
-If the muscle reaches the threshold (-55mv) at the motor end plate.....
-ACH is broken down by.
\What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANS-support, protection, movement, storage,
blood cell formation
\what are the layers of the dermis? - ANS-papillary layer and reticular layer. the reticular layer is
80% of the dermis
\What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANS-stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum
granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
\What are the layers of the skin? - ANS-epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
\what are the main functions of rods? - ANS-vision in dim light
\What are the properties of muscle tissue? - ANS-contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity
\what are the sequence of events of muscle contraction? - ANS-depolarization and calcium ion
release. actin and myosin cross-bridge formation. Sliding mechanism of actin and myosin
filaments. sarcomere shortening
\what cell does growth hormone target? - ANS-the prolactin receptor
\what does hyperopia mean? - ANS-farsightedness
\what does myopia mean? - ANS-nearsightedness
\what factors influence hair growth? - ANS-hormones and nutrition
\what gland produces ear wax? - ANS-ceruminous glands
\What is a ball and socket joint? - ANS-A joint that allows all movement. Ex: shoulder, hip
\what is a blind spot in the eye? - ANS-no photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye
\what is a bruise? - ANS-blood or bleeding under the skin due to trauma of any kind
\What is a condyloid joint? - ANS-A synovial joint that allows 2 degrees of motion Ex: wrist
\What is a fasicle? - ANS-a bundle of muscle fibers
\What is a gomphosis? - ANS-peg-in-socket fibrous joint
\What is a hinge joint? - ANS-A joint that clips into another bone. Ex: humerus, ulna
\What is a pivot joint? - ANS-A joint that allows medial, and lateral rotation. Ex: radius, ulna
