Basic Dysrhythmias & EKG
Interpretation 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Answers 100%
Guaranteed Success | Already Rated A+
Normal Sinus Rhythm - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NSR
Rate: 60-100 bpm
Regularity: Regular
P Waves: Normal
PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 s
QRS Duration: 0.04-0.12 s
QT Duration: 0.36-0.44 s
Sinus Node - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Sinus Node Problems:
The SA node can:
--Fire too slow (Sinus Bradycardia [SB])
--Fire too fast (Sinus Tachycardia [ST])
Sinus Bradycardia (SB) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Rate <60 bpm
Etiology--SA node is depolarizing slower than normal, impulse is conducted
normally
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, --Normal PR interval and QRS interval
--Once SA node fires, everything else happens normal
Can be normal for super athletes
Sinus Tachycardia (ST) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔May be appropriate response to stress
Rate >100 bpm
Etiology--SA node is depolarizing faster than normal, impulse is conducted
normally
Remember: it is a response to physical or psychological stress, not primary
arrhythmia
Atrial cells - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Atrial Arrhythmias
Atrial cells can:
--Fire occasionally from a focus (Premature Atrial Contractions [PACS])
--Fire continuously due to a looping re-entrant circuit (Atrial Flutter)
--Fire continuously from multiple foci OR fire continously due to multiple micro
re-entrant "wavelets" (Atrial Fibrillation)
Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔These ectopic cells
origionate in the atria (but not the SA node), therefore the contour of the P
wave, the PR interval, and the timing are DIFFERENT than normally generated
pulse from the SA node
Page 2 of 8
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Interpretation 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Answers 100%
Guaranteed Success | Already Rated A+
Normal Sinus Rhythm - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NSR
Rate: 60-100 bpm
Regularity: Regular
P Waves: Normal
PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 s
QRS Duration: 0.04-0.12 s
QT Duration: 0.36-0.44 s
Sinus Node - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Sinus Node Problems:
The SA node can:
--Fire too slow (Sinus Bradycardia [SB])
--Fire too fast (Sinus Tachycardia [ST])
Sinus Bradycardia (SB) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Rate <60 bpm
Etiology--SA node is depolarizing slower than normal, impulse is conducted
normally
Page 1 of 8
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, --Normal PR interval and QRS interval
--Once SA node fires, everything else happens normal
Can be normal for super athletes
Sinus Tachycardia (ST) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔May be appropriate response to stress
Rate >100 bpm
Etiology--SA node is depolarizing faster than normal, impulse is conducted
normally
Remember: it is a response to physical or psychological stress, not primary
arrhythmia
Atrial cells - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Atrial Arrhythmias
Atrial cells can:
--Fire occasionally from a focus (Premature Atrial Contractions [PACS])
--Fire continuously due to a looping re-entrant circuit (Atrial Flutter)
--Fire continuously from multiple foci OR fire continously due to multiple micro
re-entrant "wavelets" (Atrial Fibrillation)
Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔These ectopic cells
origionate in the atria (but not the SA node), therefore the contour of the P
wave, the PR interval, and the timing are DIFFERENT than normally generated
pulse from the SA node
Page 2 of 8
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
