1
NSG
NSG-3850 EXAM 3 MAJOR REVIEW Q UESTIONS
WITH CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100%
GUARANTEED PASS (LATEST UPDATE)
1. The high _____ with high osmolarity along with the ______ of
urine, act as a natural barrier to pathogens: urea
low pH
2. ________________ is responsible for 85% of community cases
of bacterial cystitis: E. coli
3. Infections in men can be a result of
___________________________ or _______________________:
sexually transmitted infections
immunosuppression
4. What is the main causative organism for acute
pyelonephritis?: E.Coli
NSG-3850
,5. For acute pyelonephritis, Obstruction or ureteral reflux that
allows
_______________ to enter the kidney: contaminated urine
6. What are the main risk factors for acute pyelonephritis?: DM
Anatomic Abnormalities of the
urinary tract Especially
vesicoureteral reflux in children
renal calculi
Pregnancy
7. Characterized by small atrophied kidneys with diffuse scarring
and blunting of the calices (interior aspects of the kidneys)
secondary to persistent or recurrent infection of the kidney
Kidney atrophy and scarring noted on renal imaging: Chronic
pyelonephritis 18. Main causes for chronic pyelonephritis: -Chronic
reflux of infected urine into the renal pelvis
-Anatomical abnormality of the urinary tract
, - Risks: renal calculi, neurogenic bladder, vesicoureteral reflux
(kids), or underlying intrarenal disease
- Obstruction (EX: renal calculi, prostate) can cause stasis
(stagnant) and this leads to bacteria growth
19. How to diagnose chronic pyelonephritis: A renal ultra sound,
where it will show a small, atrophied kidney or even both kidneys
20. Risk factors for Nephrolithiasis: Reduced fluid intake,
dehydration, increased urine concentration, and decreased urine
volume
21. How does hyperparathyroidism contribute to nephrolithiasis?:
As blood
Ca+ levels rise, PTH release stops
In hyperparathyroidism this "stop" is ignored -
Ca+ in blood continues to rise - complications - kidney stones
22. An increase of uric acid , ___________, can also increase your
risk for nephrolithiasis: gout
NSG
NSG-3850 EXAM 3 MAJOR REVIEW Q UESTIONS
WITH CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100%
GUARANTEED PASS (LATEST UPDATE)
1. The high _____ with high osmolarity along with the ______ of
urine, act as a natural barrier to pathogens: urea
low pH
2. ________________ is responsible for 85% of community cases
of bacterial cystitis: E. coli
3. Infections in men can be a result of
___________________________ or _______________________:
sexually transmitted infections
immunosuppression
4. What is the main causative organism for acute
pyelonephritis?: E.Coli
NSG-3850
,5. For acute pyelonephritis, Obstruction or ureteral reflux that
allows
_______________ to enter the kidney: contaminated urine
6. What are the main risk factors for acute pyelonephritis?: DM
Anatomic Abnormalities of the
urinary tract Especially
vesicoureteral reflux in children
renal calculi
Pregnancy
7. Characterized by small atrophied kidneys with diffuse scarring
and blunting of the calices (interior aspects of the kidneys)
secondary to persistent or recurrent infection of the kidney
Kidney atrophy and scarring noted on renal imaging: Chronic
pyelonephritis 18. Main causes for chronic pyelonephritis: -Chronic
reflux of infected urine into the renal pelvis
-Anatomical abnormality of the urinary tract
, - Risks: renal calculi, neurogenic bladder, vesicoureteral reflux
(kids), or underlying intrarenal disease
- Obstruction (EX: renal calculi, prostate) can cause stasis
(stagnant) and this leads to bacteria growth
19. How to diagnose chronic pyelonephritis: A renal ultra sound,
where it will show a small, atrophied kidney or even both kidneys
20. Risk factors for Nephrolithiasis: Reduced fluid intake,
dehydration, increased urine concentration, and decreased urine
volume
21. How does hyperparathyroidism contribute to nephrolithiasis?:
As blood
Ca+ levels rise, PTH release stops
In hyperparathyroidism this "stop" is ignored -
Ca+ in blood continues to rise - complications - kidney stones
22. An increase of uric acid , ___________, can also increase your
risk for nephrolithiasis: gout
