World Regional Geography - Exam 3
Questions with Correct Answers
Environmental determinism - Answer-Outdated notion rejected by geographers that
insisted that certain environmental conditions always correlate w/ specific culture
traits. (Oceana chapter)
Exotic Species - Answer-A nonnative species introduced into a new area
"Extinction Capital of the World" - Answer-The Hawaiian Islands. Called this b/c of
the irreversible impacts that exotic species, population growth, and development
have had on indigenous wildlife there. Also could impact New Guinea and New
Caledoneia.
Feral Animals - Answer-Domesticated animals that have abandoned their
dependence on people to resume life in the wild.
Footprints of the Ancestors - Answer-The paths that the beings followed, as referred
to by the Aborigines. Result of Dreamtime or known as the Way of the Law; white
refer to them as Songlines.
Geologic Hot Spot - Answer-A small area of Earth's mantle where molten magma is
relatively close to the crust. Associated w/ island chains and thermal features
Guano - Answer-Seabird excrement that is also found in phosphate deposits
High Islands - Answer-Generally the result of volcanic eruptions, these are the higher
and more agriculturally productive and densely populated island of the Pacific World
Indo-Fijians - Answer-Ethnic Indians in Fiji; slightly less in number than indigenous
Fijians that are resented by the indigenous Fijians. Control most of Fiji's economic
life.
International Forum on Indigenous Mapping - Answer-International meetings that
discuss strategies of the Aborigines' struggle for legal recognition of traditional land
tenure, which is a growing trend of indigenous people across the world as well.
Kanaks - Answer-New Caledonia's people
Low Islands - Answer-Made of coral, these are the general flat, drier, less
agriculturally productive, and less densely populated islands of the Pacific World
Melanesia (black islands) - Answer-A group of relatively large islands in the Pacific
Ocean bordering Australia
Micronesia (tiny islands) - Answer-Thousands of small and scattered islands in the
central and western Pacific Ocean, mainly N. of the equator.
,Millenarian Movements - Answer-Movements that maintained a cataclysmic set of
events that would trigger a new and more prosperous age for their followers. Cargo
Cults were usually this.
Money Laundering - Answer-Nauru's most recent and future source of revenue.
Offshore banking in which entrepreneurs can operate loosely controlled banks
anywhere but in Nauru.
Native Title Bill - Answer-New legislation pursed by Australia's parliament that
addressed the Aborigines' major objections and provided the following concessions.
1. Aboriginis have the right to claim land leased to mining concerns once the lease
expires.
2. Aboriginies have the right to negotiate w/ mineral leaseholders over development
of their land.
3. Where their native title has been extinguished, Aborigines are entitled to
compensation paid by the govt.
4. W/ the help of a land acquisitions fund, impoverished Aborigines can buy land to
which they have proved native title.
Near North - Answer-Term used by Australians to refer to their Asian neighbors
(NOT FAR EAST)
Oceania - Answer-Mostly water area covering fully 1/3 of the earths surface. The
world's largest ocean, the Pacific, defines and dominates this region. Bigger than all
the earth's continents and islands combined.
Operation Crossroads - Answer-US practice site at the Bikini atoll beginning in 1940s
& 1950s that over the next 12 years had 23 nuclear blasts, out of a total of 67
conducted in the Marshall Islands.
Papuan Languages - Answer-Language spoken by Melanesian peoples, which are
not a distinctive linguistic family but an amalgam of often unrelated and mutually
unintelligible tongues. There are about 700 of these.
Pidgin - Answer-Another lingua franca which consists of English and other foreign
words mixed w/ indigenous vocabulary and grammar. This is the official language of
Papua New Guinea.
Polynesia (many islands) - Answer-Greek term that occupies a greater expanse of
ocean than Melanesia or Micronesia. Rough triangle shape w/ corners and New
Zealand, the Hawaiian Islands, and remote Easter Island. Excludes Hawaii and New
Zealand.
Power Projection Hub - Answer-This can be used as a forward base five full days'
sailing time closer to Asia than Hawaii is. Used as a benefit by the foreign country
that provides them easy access and docking station in times of need. Ex. Guam and
US. Guam is especially vital in US strategic thinking.
, Seamount - Answer-Underground volcanic mountains. Ex. Older islands farther NW
in the chain in HI have submerged to become this. Others have yet to break the
surface, inc. one that will later emerge in HI.
Shell Banks - Answer-Offshore banks of Nauru, existing only on paper and
specializing in turning money earned in illegal ways into money that looks legal. Can
be for other countries as well.
Songlines - Answer-term used by whites that refers to the Footprints of the
Ancestors, the Aborigines term for the paths that the beings followed.
Terra Nullius - Answer-"no one's land". Legal doctrine used by Europeans to lay
claim to the continent of Australia.
Walkabout - Answer-A ritual journey where the Aboriginal boy on the verge of
adulthood follows the pathway of his creator-ancestors
Way of the Law - Answer-Another term for the footprints of the Ancestors
"white Australia" policy - Answer-Immigration policy in Australia that excluded Asian
and black immigrants b/c of fears of invasion from Asia and a desire to increase the
country's population w/ white, skilled, English-speaking immigrants. Eventually
dropped. Allowed British and continental Europeans.
Wik Case - Answer-Australian High Court ruling that expanded Aboriginal claims to
land. Court conluded that Aborigines could claim title to public lands held by farmers
and ranchers under long-term "pastoral leases" granted by state governments.
Compromise about 42% of Australia's territory and are currently growing and
awaiting judgment.
1 Percent Gap - Answer-Population of SSA has grown at a rate of about 3%
annually, while food production grows at 2%
African Development Bank - Answer-China pledged $20 billion in infrastructure and
trade financing in the region
African Growth and Opportunity Act - Answer-This was a good example of what
reduced trade barriers might do for Africa. It reduced and ended tariffs and quotas on
more than 1800 mfg, mineral, and food items imported from Africa.
African National Congress - Answer-Xhosa-dominated large tribe led by Nelson
Mandela
African Standby Force - Answer-The force fields peacekeepers to ensure that the
map of Africa has fewer trouble spots in the future
African Union - Answer-Formed to replace the old and often inconsequential
Organization of African Unity. Main goals are to implement "peer review" to help
promote democracy, good governance, human rights, gender equity, and
development
Questions with Correct Answers
Environmental determinism - Answer-Outdated notion rejected by geographers that
insisted that certain environmental conditions always correlate w/ specific culture
traits. (Oceana chapter)
Exotic Species - Answer-A nonnative species introduced into a new area
"Extinction Capital of the World" - Answer-The Hawaiian Islands. Called this b/c of
the irreversible impacts that exotic species, population growth, and development
have had on indigenous wildlife there. Also could impact New Guinea and New
Caledoneia.
Feral Animals - Answer-Domesticated animals that have abandoned their
dependence on people to resume life in the wild.
Footprints of the Ancestors - Answer-The paths that the beings followed, as referred
to by the Aborigines. Result of Dreamtime or known as the Way of the Law; white
refer to them as Songlines.
Geologic Hot Spot - Answer-A small area of Earth's mantle where molten magma is
relatively close to the crust. Associated w/ island chains and thermal features
Guano - Answer-Seabird excrement that is also found in phosphate deposits
High Islands - Answer-Generally the result of volcanic eruptions, these are the higher
and more agriculturally productive and densely populated island of the Pacific World
Indo-Fijians - Answer-Ethnic Indians in Fiji; slightly less in number than indigenous
Fijians that are resented by the indigenous Fijians. Control most of Fiji's economic
life.
International Forum on Indigenous Mapping - Answer-International meetings that
discuss strategies of the Aborigines' struggle for legal recognition of traditional land
tenure, which is a growing trend of indigenous people across the world as well.
Kanaks - Answer-New Caledonia's people
Low Islands - Answer-Made of coral, these are the general flat, drier, less
agriculturally productive, and less densely populated islands of the Pacific World
Melanesia (black islands) - Answer-A group of relatively large islands in the Pacific
Ocean bordering Australia
Micronesia (tiny islands) - Answer-Thousands of small and scattered islands in the
central and western Pacific Ocean, mainly N. of the equator.
,Millenarian Movements - Answer-Movements that maintained a cataclysmic set of
events that would trigger a new and more prosperous age for their followers. Cargo
Cults were usually this.
Money Laundering - Answer-Nauru's most recent and future source of revenue.
Offshore banking in which entrepreneurs can operate loosely controlled banks
anywhere but in Nauru.
Native Title Bill - Answer-New legislation pursed by Australia's parliament that
addressed the Aborigines' major objections and provided the following concessions.
1. Aboriginis have the right to claim land leased to mining concerns once the lease
expires.
2. Aboriginies have the right to negotiate w/ mineral leaseholders over development
of their land.
3. Where their native title has been extinguished, Aborigines are entitled to
compensation paid by the govt.
4. W/ the help of a land acquisitions fund, impoverished Aborigines can buy land to
which they have proved native title.
Near North - Answer-Term used by Australians to refer to their Asian neighbors
(NOT FAR EAST)
Oceania - Answer-Mostly water area covering fully 1/3 of the earths surface. The
world's largest ocean, the Pacific, defines and dominates this region. Bigger than all
the earth's continents and islands combined.
Operation Crossroads - Answer-US practice site at the Bikini atoll beginning in 1940s
& 1950s that over the next 12 years had 23 nuclear blasts, out of a total of 67
conducted in the Marshall Islands.
Papuan Languages - Answer-Language spoken by Melanesian peoples, which are
not a distinctive linguistic family but an amalgam of often unrelated and mutually
unintelligible tongues. There are about 700 of these.
Pidgin - Answer-Another lingua franca which consists of English and other foreign
words mixed w/ indigenous vocabulary and grammar. This is the official language of
Papua New Guinea.
Polynesia (many islands) - Answer-Greek term that occupies a greater expanse of
ocean than Melanesia or Micronesia. Rough triangle shape w/ corners and New
Zealand, the Hawaiian Islands, and remote Easter Island. Excludes Hawaii and New
Zealand.
Power Projection Hub - Answer-This can be used as a forward base five full days'
sailing time closer to Asia than Hawaii is. Used as a benefit by the foreign country
that provides them easy access and docking station in times of need. Ex. Guam and
US. Guam is especially vital in US strategic thinking.
, Seamount - Answer-Underground volcanic mountains. Ex. Older islands farther NW
in the chain in HI have submerged to become this. Others have yet to break the
surface, inc. one that will later emerge in HI.
Shell Banks - Answer-Offshore banks of Nauru, existing only on paper and
specializing in turning money earned in illegal ways into money that looks legal. Can
be for other countries as well.
Songlines - Answer-term used by whites that refers to the Footprints of the
Ancestors, the Aborigines term for the paths that the beings followed.
Terra Nullius - Answer-"no one's land". Legal doctrine used by Europeans to lay
claim to the continent of Australia.
Walkabout - Answer-A ritual journey where the Aboriginal boy on the verge of
adulthood follows the pathway of his creator-ancestors
Way of the Law - Answer-Another term for the footprints of the Ancestors
"white Australia" policy - Answer-Immigration policy in Australia that excluded Asian
and black immigrants b/c of fears of invasion from Asia and a desire to increase the
country's population w/ white, skilled, English-speaking immigrants. Eventually
dropped. Allowed British and continental Europeans.
Wik Case - Answer-Australian High Court ruling that expanded Aboriginal claims to
land. Court conluded that Aborigines could claim title to public lands held by farmers
and ranchers under long-term "pastoral leases" granted by state governments.
Compromise about 42% of Australia's territory and are currently growing and
awaiting judgment.
1 Percent Gap - Answer-Population of SSA has grown at a rate of about 3%
annually, while food production grows at 2%
African Development Bank - Answer-China pledged $20 billion in infrastructure and
trade financing in the region
African Growth and Opportunity Act - Answer-This was a good example of what
reduced trade barriers might do for Africa. It reduced and ended tariffs and quotas on
more than 1800 mfg, mineral, and food items imported from Africa.
African National Congress - Answer-Xhosa-dominated large tribe led by Nelson
Mandela
African Standby Force - Answer-The force fields peacekeepers to ensure that the
map of Africa has fewer trouble spots in the future
African Union - Answer-Formed to replace the old and often inconsequential
Organization of African Unity. Main goals are to implement "peer review" to help
promote democracy, good governance, human rights, gender equity, and
development
