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Nutrition & Metabolism — Nursing Notes
NSG / Fundamentals of Nursing Review
Exam Prep | Study Notes | Metabolism & Nutrition Concepts
TERMS IN THIS SET (31)
1. What is ingestion?
This is the process of consuming food by mouth and moving it through the digestive
system.
2. What is digestion?
A process involving the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
,3. What is absorption?
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Occurs when nutrients pass through the digestive system into the bloodstream and
lymphatic system.
4. What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical processes occurring at the cellular level to maintain homeostasis.
5. Catabolism is a form of metabolism, but what exactly does it mean?
Breaking down substances with the resultant RELEASE of energy.
6. Anabolism is a form of metabolism, but what happens during
anabolism?
Energy is USED to build or repair tissues.
,7. Energy nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins) are metabolized
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into what 3 products?
Water
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
8. We know protein is not as readily used for energy, but it can be.
How?
The liver removes nitrogen from amino acids, and the remaining substance is converted to
glucose or fat for energy.
9. What happens to excess energy (calories)?
Glucose → converted to glycogen and stored in muscles and liver
Excess glucose → converted to fat
Glycerol & fatty acids → reassembled into triglycerides and stored as adipose tissue
Amino acids → used to build proteins in the body
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10. What does the term “metabolic rate” mean?
The rate at which food energy is burned.
11. What is BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)?
Also called Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE).
The amount of ENERGY the body expends in 24 hours for involuntary processes:
Breathing
Heart beating
Circulation
Brain activity
Measured at rest following a 12-hour fast.
12. What is RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate)?
Also called Resting Energy Expenditure (REE).
Nutrition & Metabolism — Nursing Notes
NSG / Fundamentals of Nursing Review
Exam Prep | Study Notes | Metabolism & Nutrition Concepts
TERMS IN THIS SET (31)
1. What is ingestion?
This is the process of consuming food by mouth and moving it through the digestive
system.
2. What is digestion?
A process involving the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
,3. What is absorption?
LATEST EXAM GUIDE BANK
Occurs when nutrients pass through the digestive system into the bloodstream and
lymphatic system.
4. What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical processes occurring at the cellular level to maintain homeostasis.
5. Catabolism is a form of metabolism, but what exactly does it mean?
Breaking down substances with the resultant RELEASE of energy.
6. Anabolism is a form of metabolism, but what happens during
anabolism?
Energy is USED to build or repair tissues.
,7. Energy nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins) are metabolized
LATEST EXAM GUIDE BANK
into what 3 products?
Water
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
8. We know protein is not as readily used for energy, but it can be.
How?
The liver removes nitrogen from amino acids, and the remaining substance is converted to
glucose or fat for energy.
9. What happens to excess energy (calories)?
Glucose → converted to glycogen and stored in muscles and liver
Excess glucose → converted to fat
Glycerol & fatty acids → reassembled into triglycerides and stored as adipose tissue
Amino acids → used to build proteins in the body
, LATEST EXAM GUIDE BANK
10. What does the term “metabolic rate” mean?
The rate at which food energy is burned.
11. What is BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)?
Also called Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE).
The amount of ENERGY the body expends in 24 hours for involuntary processes:
Breathing
Heart beating
Circulation
Brain activity
Measured at rest following a 12-hour fast.
12. What is RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate)?
Also called Resting Energy Expenditure (REE).
