©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:47PM. A+
NRES 348 Midterm Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Wildlife - Answer✔The practical ecology of vertebrates and their plant and animal associations;
free-roaming vertebrate animals; terrestrial or partially terrestrial vertebrates
Management - Answer✔The manipulation of populations or habitats to achieve specific goals;
1. pop size greater, 2. population size smaller, 3. harvest population for continuing yield, 4.
leave it alone/protect it, but monitor status
Manipulative Management - Answer✔Acts on a population, either changing its numbers by
direct means or influencing numbers by the indirect means of altering food supply, habitat,
density, or predators, or prevalence of disease. This is appropriate when a population is to be
harvested, or when it slides to an unacceptably low density or increases to an unacceptably
high level.
Custodial Management - Answer✔Preventative or protective. The aim is to minimize external
influences on the population and its habitat. It is appropriate in a national park where one of
the stated goals is to protect ecological processes.
Conservation - Answer✔the wise management and use of natural resources.
Preservation - Answer✔Leaving natural systems or resources as they are
Era of Abundance - Answer✔1600-1849; Most fish and wildlife species found in high numbers,
resource is viewed as limitless; commons
Era of Overexploitation - Answer✔1850-1899; Wildlife populations declined because habitats
were modified, repeating firearms, efficient transportation, markets for wildlife
Era of Protection - Answer✔1900-1925; Laws protecting wildlife were established, including the
Lacey Act and Weeks-Mclean Act
Lacey Act - Answer✔1925; regulated market hunting, controlled importation of exotics and
interstate transport of illegal game
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, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:47PM. A+
Weeks-Mclean Act - Answer✔1912; provided for protection of waterfowl
Migratory Bird Treaty Act - Answer✔1917; Protection of migratory birds either complete or
through regulation
Gifford Pinchot - Answer✔1865-1946; Generally credited with coining the term "conservation."
A forester who started the first forestry school and lead what became the U.S. Forest Service.
John Muir - Answer✔1838-1914; Proponent of the preservationist movement, Established the
Sierra Club in 1892, Advocate of wilderness and aesthetic values of the land
Era of Game Management - Answer✔1930-1965; First research and management programs
developed in North America; publication of the book Game Management in 1933 by Aldo
Leopold; the Wildlife Cooperative Research Program was established in 1932 at universites and
graduate education centers; The Wildlife Society was established in 1937
Aldo Leopold - Answer✔1886-1948; "Father" of wildlife management; the book Game
Management was the first formal integration of ecological principles with management goals;
Co-founder of the Wildlife Society
Era of Environmental Management - Answer✔1965-Present; Significant growth in
environmental regulation; Endangered Species Act (1966), National Environmental Policy Act
(1966), EPA established 1970, First Earth Day and Clean Air Act (1970)
Population - Answer✔A group of organisms of the same species that occupy a space sufficiently
close to find each other and reproduce; in practice a group of individuals in the same place at
the same time
Semelparity - Answer✔the occurrence of a single act of reproduction during an organisms
lifetime
Iteroparity - Answer✔repeated production of offspring at intervals throughout the organism's
lifetime.
Carrying Capacity - Answer✔K; The number of individuals that the resources of a habitat can
sustain; function of food, water, cover, predators, parasites, diseases, climate
Population Dynamics - Answer✔The study of changes in the number and composition of
individuals in a population, and the factors that influence those changes
Natality - Answer✔birth rate, but also includes birth, hatching, germination, fission...
Fecundity - Answer✔Number of young produced/unit time (often over a female's lifetime)
Potential Longevity - Answer✔Physiological capability
2|Page
NRES 348 Midterm Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Wildlife - Answer✔The practical ecology of vertebrates and their plant and animal associations;
free-roaming vertebrate animals; terrestrial or partially terrestrial vertebrates
Management - Answer✔The manipulation of populations or habitats to achieve specific goals;
1. pop size greater, 2. population size smaller, 3. harvest population for continuing yield, 4.
leave it alone/protect it, but monitor status
Manipulative Management - Answer✔Acts on a population, either changing its numbers by
direct means or influencing numbers by the indirect means of altering food supply, habitat,
density, or predators, or prevalence of disease. This is appropriate when a population is to be
harvested, or when it slides to an unacceptably low density or increases to an unacceptably
high level.
Custodial Management - Answer✔Preventative or protective. The aim is to minimize external
influences on the population and its habitat. It is appropriate in a national park where one of
the stated goals is to protect ecological processes.
Conservation - Answer✔the wise management and use of natural resources.
Preservation - Answer✔Leaving natural systems or resources as they are
Era of Abundance - Answer✔1600-1849; Most fish and wildlife species found in high numbers,
resource is viewed as limitless; commons
Era of Overexploitation - Answer✔1850-1899; Wildlife populations declined because habitats
were modified, repeating firearms, efficient transportation, markets for wildlife
Era of Protection - Answer✔1900-1925; Laws protecting wildlife were established, including the
Lacey Act and Weeks-Mclean Act
Lacey Act - Answer✔1925; regulated market hunting, controlled importation of exotics and
interstate transport of illegal game
1|Page
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:47PM. A+
Weeks-Mclean Act - Answer✔1912; provided for protection of waterfowl
Migratory Bird Treaty Act - Answer✔1917; Protection of migratory birds either complete or
through regulation
Gifford Pinchot - Answer✔1865-1946; Generally credited with coining the term "conservation."
A forester who started the first forestry school and lead what became the U.S. Forest Service.
John Muir - Answer✔1838-1914; Proponent of the preservationist movement, Established the
Sierra Club in 1892, Advocate of wilderness and aesthetic values of the land
Era of Game Management - Answer✔1930-1965; First research and management programs
developed in North America; publication of the book Game Management in 1933 by Aldo
Leopold; the Wildlife Cooperative Research Program was established in 1932 at universites and
graduate education centers; The Wildlife Society was established in 1937
Aldo Leopold - Answer✔1886-1948; "Father" of wildlife management; the book Game
Management was the first formal integration of ecological principles with management goals;
Co-founder of the Wildlife Society
Era of Environmental Management - Answer✔1965-Present; Significant growth in
environmental regulation; Endangered Species Act (1966), National Environmental Policy Act
(1966), EPA established 1970, First Earth Day and Clean Air Act (1970)
Population - Answer✔A group of organisms of the same species that occupy a space sufficiently
close to find each other and reproduce; in practice a group of individuals in the same place at
the same time
Semelparity - Answer✔the occurrence of a single act of reproduction during an organisms
lifetime
Iteroparity - Answer✔repeated production of offspring at intervals throughout the organism's
lifetime.
Carrying Capacity - Answer✔K; The number of individuals that the resources of a habitat can
sustain; function of food, water, cover, predators, parasites, diseases, climate
Population Dynamics - Answer✔The study of changes in the number and composition of
individuals in a population, and the factors that influence those changes
Natality - Answer✔birth rate, but also includes birth, hatching, germination, fission...
Fecundity - Answer✔Number of young produced/unit time (often over a female's lifetime)
Potential Longevity - Answer✔Physiological capability
2|Page
