____ is a very common reason for the S3 heart sound - ansCHF
____ is the degree of vascular resistance to ventricular contraction - ansafterload
_____ and ____ are very common causes of s4 "Tennessee" heart sound -
ansHypertrophic cardiomyhopathy / HTN
'Ripping or tearing' sensation btwn shoulder blades is usually _____ . the sensation can
also present in chest or abdomen. - ansaortic dissection
'stemi' stands for _____ - ansST segment elevation infarction
#1 cause of endocarditus - ansIV drug abuse
2 chemical elements that drastically affect brain - ansglucose, sodium
2 courses of treatment for the PTCA pt during transport - ans-keep leg straight for 30
minutes after cath removal
-administer g2b3a inhibitors
2 treatments of spinal shock - anscrysalloid fluid if hypotensive
shitload of steriods
2 types of pericarditis and what are they? - ans- uremic: usually just went though
dialysis because of renal failure
- dressler's syndrome: pericarditis occurring after MI/post-heart surgery. can last 3-4
weeks
3 symptoms of Neurogenic shock - ans-decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
-hypotension
-warm red skin
3 symptons of dvt: - ansaching pn / warm / redness / swelling
3 terms synonymous with brain herniation - ansuncal, tentorial, brainstem
3 types of concussions - ansmild - knocked out no memory loss
classic - memory loss
diffuse axonal injury - Coma
A CHF pt will show these 3 signs on chest xray - ansButterfly pattern / Kerley B lines /
Heart 50% of chest area
a good alternative to nitroprusside (it doesn't cause cyanide toxicity is _____ -
ansnicardipine
,A papillary muscle/'heart strings' dysfunction leads to _____ shock - anscardiogenic
A pt presenting w progressive dypnea and coughs up frothy sputum probably has _____
- ansCHF
A seizure lasting over 30 minutes - ansstatus epilecticus
Age ranges breakdown for classification - ansneonate> birth to 30 days
infant - 30 days to 1 yr
toddler - 1 yo to 2 y/0
child - > 2 yrs old
another name for neurogenic shock - ansdistributive shock
Antidote for beta blocker o.d is ____ - ansglucagon
Basic Metabolic Panel Ranges / Chem 7 - ansNa - 135 145
K - 3.5 - 5
Co2 22-26
BBBs can have a narrow QRS - ansFalse; they're greater than .12
BBBs on EKG readings are seen on all leads - ansFalse; they're only seen on V1
cephalic hematoma between brain and arachnoid - anssub arachnoid
cephalic hematoma between dura mater and arachnoid - ansepidural
cephalic hemotoma between skull and dura mater - anssubdural
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) Formula - ansMAP - ICP
co2 norm range in ABG - ans35-45
cord injury when motor weakness is worse in upper extremities than lower extremities -
anscentral cord injury
delta waves are seen with ____ syndrome - answolf parkinson white
drug treatment for pericarditis - ansNSAIDs (usually indocin)
drug treatment for Subarachnoid bleed - ansnimodipine
drugs for status epilecticus - anslorazapam (ativan)
,Endocarditis is a sudden onset infection of the heart tissue that often results in _______
- ansnew murmur
ET Tube size formula for peds - ans(16+Age)/4
Ethelyne Glycol - ansAntifreeze
ETT insertion depth formula - ans3 x ETT size
Fluid resusitation formula for infants / neonates (<1 y/o - ans10cc/kg
Fluid resusitation formula for toddler/children (>1 y/o - ans20cc/kg
formulas for peds maintenance fluids - ans1 - 10 kg ; 4cc/kg/hr
10 - 20 kg ; 2cc/kg/hr
> 20 kg ; 1cc/kg/hr
Full artery occlusion causes ____ on EKG reading (Stemi) - ansST elevation
fx that result in battle signs, racoon eyes, otorrhea, clear rhinorrhea (leaking CSF) -
ansbasilar
great drug for intracranial hemorrage that results in high BP - ansnipride
HCO3 norm range in ABG - ans22-26
head bleed that shows starfish pattern on CT and gives 'worst headache of you life'. -
anssubarachnoid hematoma
herniation onset seizures can be treated with these 2 - ansa benzo, or phosphenytoin
ICP Transducer is placed at _________ - ansforamen of Monro (level of ear)
if angina is not relieved by rest, nitro, or is different than 'normal' chest pain, it is ____
angina - ansunstable
Intubate immediately with these 3 ABG values - ansPh <7.2
Co2>55
PO2<60
Isoniazid (INH) / Iron - ansTuperculosis medication / Iron Supplements
Kyle's favorite B blocker for purposes of exam is ___ - ansLabetelol
Lactate - ansfrom anaerobic metabolism
, List "MUDPILES" / causes of ion gap acidosis - ansMethanol, Uremia, DKA, Propylene
Glycol, Isoniazid (INH)/ Iron, Lactate, Ethelyne Glycol, Salicylates
list 3 attributes of variant (prinzmetals) angina - ans- chest pn at rest, has circadian
rhythm, relieved with nitro
-often seen with women, at night
-treated with CCBs
List PAILS and corresponding arteries with leads - ansposterior - LCX - v1-v4
anterior - LAD - v3,v4
inferior - RCA - II, III, AVF
lateral - LCX - I, V5, V6, AVL
septal - LAD - v1, v2
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Formula - ansSBP + (2 x DBP)
_____________
3
MMA artery head bleed that has gives pt lucid interval - ansepidural hematoma
most drugs that end in 'olol' are ____ - ansbeta blockers
mulitiple fx that radiate form compressed area like a spider web - anslinear stellate
name 2 catalysts for respiratory alkalosis - ansHeat injury, ASA overdose
Name 2 classes of chemoreceptors and their main drive response - ansCentral -
medulla/pons - CO2
Peripheral - aortic/carotid - 02 (very quick reactor)
name 2 common things that increase preload - ansfluids, vasoconstrictors
name 3 common things that can decrease preload - ansmorphine, lasix, nitro
name 3 layers of skull, outside to in - ansskull, dura mater, arachnoid
Name 5 drugs that increase SVR - ansdopamine, neosynephrine, epi, levophed (norepi)
- if totally bottomed out
name 7 drugs that reduce SVR - ansnitroprusside, high dose NTG, CCBs, ACEi, a
blockers, dobutrex, natrecor (atrial natriuretic peptide)
Never give ___ nor ____ to a pt suffering from inferior MI - ansnitro / beta blockers
Never use _____ solutions with herniation - anshypotonic
____ is the degree of vascular resistance to ventricular contraction - ansafterload
_____ and ____ are very common causes of s4 "Tennessee" heart sound -
ansHypertrophic cardiomyhopathy / HTN
'Ripping or tearing' sensation btwn shoulder blades is usually _____ . the sensation can
also present in chest or abdomen. - ansaortic dissection
'stemi' stands for _____ - ansST segment elevation infarction
#1 cause of endocarditus - ansIV drug abuse
2 chemical elements that drastically affect brain - ansglucose, sodium
2 courses of treatment for the PTCA pt during transport - ans-keep leg straight for 30
minutes after cath removal
-administer g2b3a inhibitors
2 treatments of spinal shock - anscrysalloid fluid if hypotensive
shitload of steriods
2 types of pericarditis and what are they? - ans- uremic: usually just went though
dialysis because of renal failure
- dressler's syndrome: pericarditis occurring after MI/post-heart surgery. can last 3-4
weeks
3 symptoms of Neurogenic shock - ans-decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
-hypotension
-warm red skin
3 symptons of dvt: - ansaching pn / warm / redness / swelling
3 terms synonymous with brain herniation - ansuncal, tentorial, brainstem
3 types of concussions - ansmild - knocked out no memory loss
classic - memory loss
diffuse axonal injury - Coma
A CHF pt will show these 3 signs on chest xray - ansButterfly pattern / Kerley B lines /
Heart 50% of chest area
a good alternative to nitroprusside (it doesn't cause cyanide toxicity is _____ -
ansnicardipine
,A papillary muscle/'heart strings' dysfunction leads to _____ shock - anscardiogenic
A pt presenting w progressive dypnea and coughs up frothy sputum probably has _____
- ansCHF
A seizure lasting over 30 minutes - ansstatus epilecticus
Age ranges breakdown for classification - ansneonate> birth to 30 days
infant - 30 days to 1 yr
toddler - 1 yo to 2 y/0
child - > 2 yrs old
another name for neurogenic shock - ansdistributive shock
Antidote for beta blocker o.d is ____ - ansglucagon
Basic Metabolic Panel Ranges / Chem 7 - ansNa - 135 145
K - 3.5 - 5
Co2 22-26
BBBs can have a narrow QRS - ansFalse; they're greater than .12
BBBs on EKG readings are seen on all leads - ansFalse; they're only seen on V1
cephalic hematoma between brain and arachnoid - anssub arachnoid
cephalic hematoma between dura mater and arachnoid - ansepidural
cephalic hemotoma between skull and dura mater - anssubdural
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) Formula - ansMAP - ICP
co2 norm range in ABG - ans35-45
cord injury when motor weakness is worse in upper extremities than lower extremities -
anscentral cord injury
delta waves are seen with ____ syndrome - answolf parkinson white
drug treatment for pericarditis - ansNSAIDs (usually indocin)
drug treatment for Subarachnoid bleed - ansnimodipine
drugs for status epilecticus - anslorazapam (ativan)
,Endocarditis is a sudden onset infection of the heart tissue that often results in _______
- ansnew murmur
ET Tube size formula for peds - ans(16+Age)/4
Ethelyne Glycol - ansAntifreeze
ETT insertion depth formula - ans3 x ETT size
Fluid resusitation formula for infants / neonates (<1 y/o - ans10cc/kg
Fluid resusitation formula for toddler/children (>1 y/o - ans20cc/kg
formulas for peds maintenance fluids - ans1 - 10 kg ; 4cc/kg/hr
10 - 20 kg ; 2cc/kg/hr
> 20 kg ; 1cc/kg/hr
Full artery occlusion causes ____ on EKG reading (Stemi) - ansST elevation
fx that result in battle signs, racoon eyes, otorrhea, clear rhinorrhea (leaking CSF) -
ansbasilar
great drug for intracranial hemorrage that results in high BP - ansnipride
HCO3 norm range in ABG - ans22-26
head bleed that shows starfish pattern on CT and gives 'worst headache of you life'. -
anssubarachnoid hematoma
herniation onset seizures can be treated with these 2 - ansa benzo, or phosphenytoin
ICP Transducer is placed at _________ - ansforamen of Monro (level of ear)
if angina is not relieved by rest, nitro, or is different than 'normal' chest pain, it is ____
angina - ansunstable
Intubate immediately with these 3 ABG values - ansPh <7.2
Co2>55
PO2<60
Isoniazid (INH) / Iron - ansTuperculosis medication / Iron Supplements
Kyle's favorite B blocker for purposes of exam is ___ - ansLabetelol
Lactate - ansfrom anaerobic metabolism
, List "MUDPILES" / causes of ion gap acidosis - ansMethanol, Uremia, DKA, Propylene
Glycol, Isoniazid (INH)/ Iron, Lactate, Ethelyne Glycol, Salicylates
list 3 attributes of variant (prinzmetals) angina - ans- chest pn at rest, has circadian
rhythm, relieved with nitro
-often seen with women, at night
-treated with CCBs
List PAILS and corresponding arteries with leads - ansposterior - LCX - v1-v4
anterior - LAD - v3,v4
inferior - RCA - II, III, AVF
lateral - LCX - I, V5, V6, AVL
septal - LAD - v1, v2
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Formula - ansSBP + (2 x DBP)
_____________
3
MMA artery head bleed that has gives pt lucid interval - ansepidural hematoma
most drugs that end in 'olol' are ____ - ansbeta blockers
mulitiple fx that radiate form compressed area like a spider web - anslinear stellate
name 2 catalysts for respiratory alkalosis - ansHeat injury, ASA overdose
Name 2 classes of chemoreceptors and their main drive response - ansCentral -
medulla/pons - CO2
Peripheral - aortic/carotid - 02 (very quick reactor)
name 2 common things that increase preload - ansfluids, vasoconstrictors
name 3 common things that can decrease preload - ansmorphine, lasix, nitro
name 3 layers of skull, outside to in - ansskull, dura mater, arachnoid
Name 5 drugs that increase SVR - ansdopamine, neosynephrine, epi, levophed (norepi)
- if totally bottomed out
name 7 drugs that reduce SVR - ansnitroprusside, high dose NTG, CCBs, ACEi, a
blockers, dobutrex, natrecor (atrial natriuretic peptide)
Never give ___ nor ____ to a pt suffering from inferior MI - ansnitro / beta blockers
Never use _____ solutions with herniation - anshypotonic
