Genetic Mutations Exam Questions
with Solutions
Point mutation deletion - -A genetic mutation in which one base is omitted
or left out; A change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the
chromosome is removed.
- insertion - -A type of point mutation involving the addition of one or more
nucleotide pairs to a gene; one base is inserted or removed from the DNA
sequence. The bases are still read in groups of three, but now those
groupings shift in every codon that follows the mutation.
- inversion - -A mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a
chromosome is reversed; reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome.
- translocation - -The process in which a segment of a chromosome breaks
off and attaches to another chromosome; occurs when part of one
chromosome breaks off and attaches to another.
- mutagen - -A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and
causes a mutation.
- mutation - -An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene; heritable
changes in genetic information.
- frameshift mutation - -A mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of
base pairs in a gene sequence in DNA such that the reading frame of the
gene, and thus the amino acid sequence of the protein is altered.
- point mutation - -A mutation in which only one or a few nucleotides or
nitrogenous bases in a gene are changed; they occur at a single point in the
DNA sequence and generally occur during replication.
- duplication - -Type of chromosomal mutation that produces an extra copy
of all or part of a chromosome.
When mutations produce an extra part or copies of chromosomes.
- substitution - -A mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is
replaced with a different nucleotide; one nitrogenous base is changed to
another and may only affect one amino acid, if any.
- gene mutations - -produces changes in a single gene.
with Solutions
Point mutation deletion - -A genetic mutation in which one base is omitted
or left out; A change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the
chromosome is removed.
- insertion - -A type of point mutation involving the addition of one or more
nucleotide pairs to a gene; one base is inserted or removed from the DNA
sequence. The bases are still read in groups of three, but now those
groupings shift in every codon that follows the mutation.
- inversion - -A mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a
chromosome is reversed; reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome.
- translocation - -The process in which a segment of a chromosome breaks
off and attaches to another chromosome; occurs when part of one
chromosome breaks off and attaches to another.
- mutagen - -A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and
causes a mutation.
- mutation - -An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene; heritable
changes in genetic information.
- frameshift mutation - -A mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of
base pairs in a gene sequence in DNA such that the reading frame of the
gene, and thus the amino acid sequence of the protein is altered.
- point mutation - -A mutation in which only one or a few nucleotides or
nitrogenous bases in a gene are changed; they occur at a single point in the
DNA sequence and generally occur during replication.
- duplication - -Type of chromosomal mutation that produces an extra copy
of all or part of a chromosome.
When mutations produce an extra part or copies of chromosomes.
- substitution - -A mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is
replaced with a different nucleotide; one nitrogenous base is changed to
another and may only affect one amino acid, if any.
- gene mutations - -produces changes in a single gene.
