Urinalysis & Body Fluids Exam 1 Review Questions with Answers

Urinalysis & Body Fluids Exam 1 Review
Questions with Answers
What are the components of urine? - -Water (95%) and solutes (5%)

- What is the major organic substance of urine? - -Urea

- What is the major inorganic substance of urine? - -Chloride

- What type of nephron predominates the other? - -Cortical

- What types of substances are NOT filtered by the glomerulus? - -Large
(>70,000MW) and negatively charged (Like albumin)

- What regulates renal concentration? - -The counter current mechanism
and ADH(vasopressin)

- What is the countercurrent mechanism? - -Maintains the osmotic gradient
of the medullary interstitium.

- How does the countercurrent mechanism work? - -Reabsorbs water to the
blood in the DLH and reabsorbs Na+ into the medulla in the ALH

- What is NOT actively reabsorbed in the tubules? - -Urea in the PCT & ALH

- What is NOT passively reabsorbed in the tubules? - -Amino acids in the
PCT

- What is tubular secretion? - -The movement substances from the blood to
the ultrafiltrate

- What is tubular absorption? - -The movement of substances from the
ultrafiltrate to the blood

- If the body is well hydrated, how does that affect ADH? - -Low ADH
production, low tubule permeability to water, large urine volume

- If the body is dehydrated, how does that affect ADH? - -High ADH, high
tubule permeability to water, small urine volume

- What is the purpose of the RAAS? - -Maintain glomerular pressure and
reabsorb/secrete Na+ & water