Mental Health Nursing Lecture & Clinical
(NURS 3125/4510)
3 Personal Characteristics that RNs Need to Have to Promote Change and Growth in
Patients (Rogers and Truax, 1967) - ANS-1. Genuineness
2. Empathy
3. Positive Regard
6 Strategies from Mental health Commission of Canada (2012) - ANS-1. Promotion and
Prevention
2. Recovery and Rights
3. Access to Service
4. Disparities and Diversity
5. First Nations, Inuit, and Métis
6. Leadership and Collaboration
Active Listening Includes the Following Aspects: - ANS-• Observing the patient's non-verbal
behaviours
• Understanding and reflecting on the patient's verbal message
• Understanding the patient in the context of the social setting of the patient's life
• Detecting "false notes" (e.g. inconsistencies or things the patient says that need more
clarification)
• Providing constructive feedback about the patient of which he or she might not be aware
Clarity - ANS-Ensures that the meaning of the message is accurately understood by both
parties in an ongoing mutual effort
Clinical Epidemiology - ANS-• Broad field that addresses what happens after people with
illness are seen by clinical care providers
• Studies are conducted in groups usually defined by the illness/symptoms or by diagnostic
procedures or treatments given to address the illness or symptoms
• Can include the following:
-Studies of the natural history of illness
-Studies of diagnostic screening tests
-Observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with the illness
or symptoms
Continuity - ANS-Promotes the connections among relevant ideas and encourages a shared
understanding of the activities, emotions, and context of those ideas
Contributing Factors to Severity and Progression of a Mental Illness: Resilience - ANS-• A
characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery
process
• Using resources to that can support well-being
• Depends far more on the quality of the social and physical ecologies surrounding people
than on individual personality traits
• Helps people ton face tragedies, loss, trauma, and severe stress
, • Instead of falling victim to negative emotions, resilient people recognize such feelings and
negotiate complex personal and societal systems in order to deal with their responses and
the responses of others
Counter-Transference - ANS-• Occurs when the nurse unconsciously and inappropriately
displaces feelings and behaviours related to significant figures of his/her past onto the
patient
• Frequently, the patient's transference evokes the counter-transference in the psychiatric
nurse
Cultural Filters - ANS-Are a form of cultural bias or cultural prejudice that determine what we
pay attention to and what we ignore
Culture - ANS-• Norms dictate was is considered to be normal, so depending on from what
cultural lens you look through, some behaviours may be deemed as normal, while others are
abnormal
• Can categorize different behaviours as mental illnesses
Deinstitutionalization - ANS-Shift from caring for people with mental illness in institutions to
caring for them in communities
Dorothea Dix (1802-1887) - ANS-• Retired schoolteacher who became the superintendent of
nurses during the American Civil War • Educated in the asylum reform movements
• Advocated for improved treatment and public care of people with mental illness
• Was influential in lobbying for the first public mental hospital of the United States and for
reform in British and Canadian institutions
Double Messages - ANS-Conflicting messages, or mixed messages
Double-Bind Messages - ANS-Contradictory mix of content and process that communicates
both nurturing and hurtful expressions
Empathy - ANS-• Complex multidimensional concept in which the helping person attempts to
understand the world from the patient's perspective and is non-judgemental or uncritical of
the patient's choices
• "Temporarily living in the other's life, moving about in it delicately without making
judgements"
Epidemiology - ANS-• Quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human
populations
• From this data, it can be determined who are the high-risk groups and certain risk factors
Epp Report and the Two Conceptualizations of Mental Health & Illness - ANS-• Published in
1988, called the Mental Health for Canadians: Striking a Balance
• Proposed 7 guiding principles for the development of public policies to support mental
health
• Identified 3 challenges to mental health:
1. Reducing inequities
2. Increasing prevention
3. Enhancing coping
• Mental Disorder Continuum
Genuineness - ANS-Self-awareness of one's feelings as they arise within the relationship
and the ability to communicate them when appropriate, ins a key ingredient in building trust
Helpful Guidelines for Clinical Interview - ANS-• Speak briefly
• When you do not know what to say, say nothing
• When in doubt, focus on feelings
• Avoid giving advice
• Avoid relying on questions
(NURS 3125/4510)
3 Personal Characteristics that RNs Need to Have to Promote Change and Growth in
Patients (Rogers and Truax, 1967) - ANS-1. Genuineness
2. Empathy
3. Positive Regard
6 Strategies from Mental health Commission of Canada (2012) - ANS-1. Promotion and
Prevention
2. Recovery and Rights
3. Access to Service
4. Disparities and Diversity
5. First Nations, Inuit, and Métis
6. Leadership and Collaboration
Active Listening Includes the Following Aspects: - ANS-• Observing the patient's non-verbal
behaviours
• Understanding and reflecting on the patient's verbal message
• Understanding the patient in the context of the social setting of the patient's life
• Detecting "false notes" (e.g. inconsistencies or things the patient says that need more
clarification)
• Providing constructive feedback about the patient of which he or she might not be aware
Clarity - ANS-Ensures that the meaning of the message is accurately understood by both
parties in an ongoing mutual effort
Clinical Epidemiology - ANS-• Broad field that addresses what happens after people with
illness are seen by clinical care providers
• Studies are conducted in groups usually defined by the illness/symptoms or by diagnostic
procedures or treatments given to address the illness or symptoms
• Can include the following:
-Studies of the natural history of illness
-Studies of diagnostic screening tests
-Observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with the illness
or symptoms
Continuity - ANS-Promotes the connections among relevant ideas and encourages a shared
understanding of the activities, emotions, and context of those ideas
Contributing Factors to Severity and Progression of a Mental Illness: Resilience - ANS-• A
characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery
process
• Using resources to that can support well-being
• Depends far more on the quality of the social and physical ecologies surrounding people
than on individual personality traits
• Helps people ton face tragedies, loss, trauma, and severe stress
, • Instead of falling victim to negative emotions, resilient people recognize such feelings and
negotiate complex personal and societal systems in order to deal with their responses and
the responses of others
Counter-Transference - ANS-• Occurs when the nurse unconsciously and inappropriately
displaces feelings and behaviours related to significant figures of his/her past onto the
patient
• Frequently, the patient's transference evokes the counter-transference in the psychiatric
nurse
Cultural Filters - ANS-Are a form of cultural bias or cultural prejudice that determine what we
pay attention to and what we ignore
Culture - ANS-• Norms dictate was is considered to be normal, so depending on from what
cultural lens you look through, some behaviours may be deemed as normal, while others are
abnormal
• Can categorize different behaviours as mental illnesses
Deinstitutionalization - ANS-Shift from caring for people with mental illness in institutions to
caring for them in communities
Dorothea Dix (1802-1887) - ANS-• Retired schoolteacher who became the superintendent of
nurses during the American Civil War • Educated in the asylum reform movements
• Advocated for improved treatment and public care of people with mental illness
• Was influential in lobbying for the first public mental hospital of the United States and for
reform in British and Canadian institutions
Double Messages - ANS-Conflicting messages, or mixed messages
Double-Bind Messages - ANS-Contradictory mix of content and process that communicates
both nurturing and hurtful expressions
Empathy - ANS-• Complex multidimensional concept in which the helping person attempts to
understand the world from the patient's perspective and is non-judgemental or uncritical of
the patient's choices
• "Temporarily living in the other's life, moving about in it delicately without making
judgements"
Epidemiology - ANS-• Quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human
populations
• From this data, it can be determined who are the high-risk groups and certain risk factors
Epp Report and the Two Conceptualizations of Mental Health & Illness - ANS-• Published in
1988, called the Mental Health for Canadians: Striking a Balance
• Proposed 7 guiding principles for the development of public policies to support mental
health
• Identified 3 challenges to mental health:
1. Reducing inequities
2. Increasing prevention
3. Enhancing coping
• Mental Disorder Continuum
Genuineness - ANS-Self-awareness of one's feelings as they arise within the relationship
and the ability to communicate them when appropriate, ins a key ingredient in building trust
Helpful Guidelines for Clinical Interview - ANS-• Speak briefly
• When you do not know what to say, say nothing
• When in doubt, focus on feelings
• Avoid giving advice
• Avoid relying on questions
