FAD 3220 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 Graded A+
Nature - Answers genetics; traits, abilities and capacities that are inherited by your parents
nurture - Answers environmental influences with shape human behavior (school, church, parents etc)
history-graded influence - Answers biological and environmental influences associated with a particular
historical moment (wars, epidemics etc)
sociocultural-graded influence - Answers the social and cultural factors present at a particular time for a
particular individual, depending on such variables as ethnicity, social class, and subcultural membership
accommodation - Answers changes in existing ways of thinking that occur in response to encounters
with new stimuli or events
Assimilation - Answers the process in which people understand an experience in terms of their current
stage of cognitive development and way of thinking
positive correlation - Answers when one factor increases (or decreases), the other factor increases (or
decreases)
negative correlation - Answers when one factor increases, the other decreases
independent variable - Answers variable researchers use to manipulate in the experiment
dependent variable - Answers variable researchers measure to see if it changes as a result of the
experimental manipulation
4 ethical principles - Answers 1. participants must be protected from physical and psychological harm
2. Researchers must obtain informed consent from participants
3. participant's privacy must be maintained
4. use of deception must be justified and cause no harm
developmental stages that lifespan development covers (conception to death) - Answers prenatal period
infancy to toddlerhood
preschool period
middle childhood
adolescence
young adulthood
middle adulthood
, late adulthood
psychodynamic perspective - Answers behavior is motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts of
which a person has little awareness or control. Inner forces stem from childhood and influence behavior
across the lifespan (ID, EGO, SUPEREGO)
Behavioral perspective - Answers behavior is motivated by observable behavior from others and
environmental stimuli (classical and operant conditioning)
cognitive perspective - Answers focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and
think about the world; how children and adults process information and think influences their behavior
humanistic perspective - Answers explains that people have a natural capacity to make decisions about
their lives and to control their behavior; people naturally seek to reach their full potential
Evolutionary perspective - Answers seeks to identify behavior that is the result of our genetic inheritance
from our ancestors
contextual perspective - Answers the theory that considers the relationship between individuals and
their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
IVF - Answers a procedure in which a women's ovum (egg) are removed from her ovaries, fertilized with
sperm, and then implanted back into the uterus (eggs and sperm can be donated)
artificial insemination - Answers a procedure where a man's sperm is directly placed into a woman's
reproductive tract by a physician (sperm can be provided)
infertility - Answers the inability to conceive after 12-18 months of trying
obstetricians - Answers physicians who specialize in delivering babies
midwives - Answers childbirth attendant who stays with the mother throughout labor and delivery
(deliveries often take place at home)
doulas - Answers provides emotional, psychological, and educational support during birth (speeds
delivery and reduces reliance on pain meds)
caesarean sections - Answers a surgical operation in which a physician makes an incision in the mother's
abdomen and uterine wall and removes the infant
XX - Answers female
XY - Answers male
chromosomes - Answers 23 from mom; 23 from dad; 46 total
germinal stage - Answers fertilization to 2 weeks; first and shortest prenatal period; zygote begins to
divide and grow; fertilized egg travels towards uterus and implants itself into the uterine wall
Nature - Answers genetics; traits, abilities and capacities that are inherited by your parents
nurture - Answers environmental influences with shape human behavior (school, church, parents etc)
history-graded influence - Answers biological and environmental influences associated with a particular
historical moment (wars, epidemics etc)
sociocultural-graded influence - Answers the social and cultural factors present at a particular time for a
particular individual, depending on such variables as ethnicity, social class, and subcultural membership
accommodation - Answers changes in existing ways of thinking that occur in response to encounters
with new stimuli or events
Assimilation - Answers the process in which people understand an experience in terms of their current
stage of cognitive development and way of thinking
positive correlation - Answers when one factor increases (or decreases), the other factor increases (or
decreases)
negative correlation - Answers when one factor increases, the other decreases
independent variable - Answers variable researchers use to manipulate in the experiment
dependent variable - Answers variable researchers measure to see if it changes as a result of the
experimental manipulation
4 ethical principles - Answers 1. participants must be protected from physical and psychological harm
2. Researchers must obtain informed consent from participants
3. participant's privacy must be maintained
4. use of deception must be justified and cause no harm
developmental stages that lifespan development covers (conception to death) - Answers prenatal period
infancy to toddlerhood
preschool period
middle childhood
adolescence
young adulthood
middle adulthood
, late adulthood
psychodynamic perspective - Answers behavior is motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts of
which a person has little awareness or control. Inner forces stem from childhood and influence behavior
across the lifespan (ID, EGO, SUPEREGO)
Behavioral perspective - Answers behavior is motivated by observable behavior from others and
environmental stimuli (classical and operant conditioning)
cognitive perspective - Answers focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and
think about the world; how children and adults process information and think influences their behavior
humanistic perspective - Answers explains that people have a natural capacity to make decisions about
their lives and to control their behavior; people naturally seek to reach their full potential
Evolutionary perspective - Answers seeks to identify behavior that is the result of our genetic inheritance
from our ancestors
contextual perspective - Answers the theory that considers the relationship between individuals and
their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
IVF - Answers a procedure in which a women's ovum (egg) are removed from her ovaries, fertilized with
sperm, and then implanted back into the uterus (eggs and sperm can be donated)
artificial insemination - Answers a procedure where a man's sperm is directly placed into a woman's
reproductive tract by a physician (sperm can be provided)
infertility - Answers the inability to conceive after 12-18 months of trying
obstetricians - Answers physicians who specialize in delivering babies
midwives - Answers childbirth attendant who stays with the mother throughout labor and delivery
(deliveries often take place at home)
doulas - Answers provides emotional, psychological, and educational support during birth (speeds
delivery and reduces reliance on pain meds)
caesarean sections - Answers a surgical operation in which a physician makes an incision in the mother's
abdomen and uterine wall and removes the infant
XX - Answers female
XY - Answers male
chromosomes - Answers 23 from mom; 23 from dad; 46 total
germinal stage - Answers fertilization to 2 weeks; first and shortest prenatal period; zygote begins to
divide and grow; fertilized egg travels towards uterus and implants itself into the uterine wall
