ATI Nutrition Exam
additional dietary recommendations during pregnancy - ANS-2-3 ml of fluids daily
<300 mg/day caffeine
600 mcg/day folic acid - for neurological development of fetus and to prevent birth defects;
maternal blood cell formation
- consuming foods high in Vit C aids in absorption of iron
Albumin lab values and significance - ANS-Indicates if body is absorbing enough protein
Prealbumin: 17-40 mg/dL
-used to assess critically ill clients who are at a higher risk for malnutition; reflects acute
changes
Albumin: 3.5-5 mg/dL
-chronic measurement
B1 - ANS-water soluble vitamin aka "thamin"
function: muscle energy, GI support, CV support
sources: meats, grains, legumes
deficiency: Beriberi, altered digestion, CNS and CV problems
blenderized liquid (Pureed) diet - ANS-liquids and foods that ar pureed to liquid form,
separately to preserve individual flavor
indications: clients who have chewing or swallowing difficulties, oral or facial surgery, wired
jaws
BMI - ANS-Body Mass Index
normal/healthy weight: 18.5-24.9
overweight: 25-29.9
obese: 30+
morbidly ovese: >40
BMI = weight in lbs/height in inches/height in inches x 703
Ca+ - ANS-sreum calcium blood test: 9.0-10.5 mg/dL
All cells need calcium in order to work. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It is
important for heart function, and helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood
clotting
Deficiency: osteoporosis, tetany, Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, ECG changes
Excess: constipation, kidney stones
CHO - ANS-carbohydrate: organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
types: monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose), disaccharides (sucrose, lactose,
maltose), polysaccharides (starches, fiber)
fuction: to provide ENERGY for the body
*130 g/day needed to fuel the brain
clear liquid diet - ANS-Foods that are clear and liquid at room temperature
-water, tea, coffee, fat-free broth, carbonated beverages, clear juices, ginger ale, gelatin
Escherichia coli 0157:H7 - ANS-cause: raw or undercooked meat, esp hamburger
manifestations: severe abdominal pain and diarrhea
Fat soluble vitamins - ANS-A,D,E,K - have potential for toxicity due to ability to be stored in
body for long periods of time
, -stored in the liver and fatty tissues, and are eliminated much more slowly than water-soluble
vitamins
A: vision
D: bone development
E: protects cells from oxidation
K: normal blood clotting
Fiber - ANS-carbohydrate that does not yield energy to the body
-impt for bowel elimination; adds bulk to the feces and stimulates peristalsis to ease
elimination
-part of fruits, vegetables, and grains that is not broken down by your body: pectin, gum,
cellulose, mucilage
Foods high in protein, amino acids, and vitamin B6 can increase the metabolism ______ -
ANS-anti-Parkinson's medication levodopa (L-dopa, Sinemet)by decreasing the duration of
its therapeutic effects
full liquid diet - ANS-Foods that are liquid at room temperature
-all foods on CL diet, all forms of milk, soups, strained fruits and vegetables, vegetable and
fruit juices, egg nog, plain icecream and sherbert, refined or strained cereals, and puddings
Function of iron - ANS-it is responsible for hemoglobin formation/function, cellular oxidation
of glucose, antibody production, and collagen synthesis
Function of Vitamin C - ANS-water soluble vitamin aka "ascorbic acid"
iron absportion, antioxidant, tissue building
-deficiency can cause scurvy, decreased iron absorption, and bleeding gums
Hematocrit (Hct) - ANS-female: 35-45%
male: 42-52%
measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells
deficiency: anemia, WBC disorders, recent/long term blood blood
excess: dehydration, polycythemia vera, lung/heart disease
Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANS-females: 12-16 g/dl
males: 14-18 g/dl
Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body's organs and
tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs.
Deficiency: low red blood cell count (anemia). Anemia can have many different causes,
including vitamin deficiencies, bleeding and chronic diseases.
Excess: the blood disorder polycythemia vera, living in a high altitude, smoking, dehydration,
burns and excessive vomiting.
high fiber diet - ANS-promotes normal bowel functioning and is associated with decreased
risk factors for certain ancers
My Plate diet: consume a minimum of 5 servings of fiber-rich fruits and vegetables and
adequate fluid intake
- 25 g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
high protein diet - ANS-Needed to promote tissue growth and during times of illness
Foods high in protein: chicken, fish, cheese, pork loin, lean beef, tofu, beans, eggs, yogurt,
milk, nuts
How does grapefruit juice interfere with the metabolism/action of medications? - ANS-causes
an increased serum level of the medication
How long should you store:
fresh meat
fish
additional dietary recommendations during pregnancy - ANS-2-3 ml of fluids daily
<300 mg/day caffeine
600 mcg/day folic acid - for neurological development of fetus and to prevent birth defects;
maternal blood cell formation
- consuming foods high in Vit C aids in absorption of iron
Albumin lab values and significance - ANS-Indicates if body is absorbing enough protein
Prealbumin: 17-40 mg/dL
-used to assess critically ill clients who are at a higher risk for malnutition; reflects acute
changes
Albumin: 3.5-5 mg/dL
-chronic measurement
B1 - ANS-water soluble vitamin aka "thamin"
function: muscle energy, GI support, CV support
sources: meats, grains, legumes
deficiency: Beriberi, altered digestion, CNS and CV problems
blenderized liquid (Pureed) diet - ANS-liquids and foods that ar pureed to liquid form,
separately to preserve individual flavor
indications: clients who have chewing or swallowing difficulties, oral or facial surgery, wired
jaws
BMI - ANS-Body Mass Index
normal/healthy weight: 18.5-24.9
overweight: 25-29.9
obese: 30+
morbidly ovese: >40
BMI = weight in lbs/height in inches/height in inches x 703
Ca+ - ANS-sreum calcium blood test: 9.0-10.5 mg/dL
All cells need calcium in order to work. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It is
important for heart function, and helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood
clotting
Deficiency: osteoporosis, tetany, Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, ECG changes
Excess: constipation, kidney stones
CHO - ANS-carbohydrate: organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
types: monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose), disaccharides (sucrose, lactose,
maltose), polysaccharides (starches, fiber)
fuction: to provide ENERGY for the body
*130 g/day needed to fuel the brain
clear liquid diet - ANS-Foods that are clear and liquid at room temperature
-water, tea, coffee, fat-free broth, carbonated beverages, clear juices, ginger ale, gelatin
Escherichia coli 0157:H7 - ANS-cause: raw or undercooked meat, esp hamburger
manifestations: severe abdominal pain and diarrhea
Fat soluble vitamins - ANS-A,D,E,K - have potential for toxicity due to ability to be stored in
body for long periods of time
, -stored in the liver and fatty tissues, and are eliminated much more slowly than water-soluble
vitamins
A: vision
D: bone development
E: protects cells from oxidation
K: normal blood clotting
Fiber - ANS-carbohydrate that does not yield energy to the body
-impt for bowel elimination; adds bulk to the feces and stimulates peristalsis to ease
elimination
-part of fruits, vegetables, and grains that is not broken down by your body: pectin, gum,
cellulose, mucilage
Foods high in protein, amino acids, and vitamin B6 can increase the metabolism ______ -
ANS-anti-Parkinson's medication levodopa (L-dopa, Sinemet)by decreasing the duration of
its therapeutic effects
full liquid diet - ANS-Foods that are liquid at room temperature
-all foods on CL diet, all forms of milk, soups, strained fruits and vegetables, vegetable and
fruit juices, egg nog, plain icecream and sherbert, refined or strained cereals, and puddings
Function of iron - ANS-it is responsible for hemoglobin formation/function, cellular oxidation
of glucose, antibody production, and collagen synthesis
Function of Vitamin C - ANS-water soluble vitamin aka "ascorbic acid"
iron absportion, antioxidant, tissue building
-deficiency can cause scurvy, decreased iron absorption, and bleeding gums
Hematocrit (Hct) - ANS-female: 35-45%
male: 42-52%
measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells
deficiency: anemia, WBC disorders, recent/long term blood blood
excess: dehydration, polycythemia vera, lung/heart disease
Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANS-females: 12-16 g/dl
males: 14-18 g/dl
Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body's organs and
tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs.
Deficiency: low red blood cell count (anemia). Anemia can have many different causes,
including vitamin deficiencies, bleeding and chronic diseases.
Excess: the blood disorder polycythemia vera, living in a high altitude, smoking, dehydration,
burns and excessive vomiting.
high fiber diet - ANS-promotes normal bowel functioning and is associated with decreased
risk factors for certain ancers
My Plate diet: consume a minimum of 5 servings of fiber-rich fruits and vegetables and
adequate fluid intake
- 25 g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
high protein diet - ANS-Needed to promote tissue growth and during times of illness
Foods high in protein: chicken, fish, cheese, pork loin, lean beef, tofu, beans, eggs, yogurt,
milk, nuts
How does grapefruit juice interfere with the metabolism/action of medications? - ANS-causes
an increased serum level of the medication
How long should you store:
fresh meat
fish
