Biochemistry test Questions with 100% Correct
Solutions
biochemistry
a discipline in biochemistry; is the description of molecules in biology/chemistry of
proteins
molecular biology
a discipline in biochemistry; the manipulation of DNA, genetics
cell biology
a discipline in biochemistry; larger scale, functions and mechanisms within a cell/cell
energetics
cellulose
a natural polymer; found in plants for storage
glycogen
a natural polymer; found in animals for storage
protein
a natural polymer; tightly linked bonds
nucleotide
a natural polymer; covalent bonds
C,H,N,O,S
chemical elements commonly found in biochemistry
carbon
,an element commonly found in biochemistry, creates strong single or double bonds with
very little rotation
covalent
a chemical bond in biology; a pair of shared electrons, very strong, bonds between
polymers, >1 bond per atom, flexible and alternate re-arrangement
non-covalent
a chemical bond in biology; weaker bonds, but additive, creates specificity, highly
dynamic/transient bonds, required for molecular recognition
electrostatic, hydrogen, van der waals, hydrophobic
4 types of non-covalent interactions
electrostatic
a non-covalent interaction; such as ionic bonds Na⁺ + Cl⁻ -> NaCl
hydrogen
a non-covalent interaction; a H is shared between two electronegative atoms such as
F,O, or N; the more electronegative atom pulls the electron closer, creating a dipole
donor acceptor
the H bond _____ becomes more tightly linked, the H bond_____becomes less tightly
linked (two answers separated by a space please)
Van Der Waals
a non-covalent interaction; the interaction between molecules with temporary dipoles
from fluctuating electrons, are weak but additive
hydrophobic interaction
, a non-covalent interaction; the clustering of these molecules in polar substances i.e.
water interacts with itself and causes other non-polar residues to cluster
biological solvent
roles of water; many organic and biological materials are able to dissolve in water
part of reaction
roles of water; water is a common substance in biochemical reactions such as the
cleavage of bonds
regulation
roles of water; water is essential in regulating temperature and pH (the ideal
temperature of water with the highest heat capacity is 37°C)
water
a substance found in nearly all biological reactions and organisms; has a bond angle
between H's of 104.5°, has a dipole, H-bonds with itself, cohesive and dissolves polar or
charged compounds
hydrophilic
water as a solvent; types of bonding in water "loving" compounds are dipole-dipole, H-
bonding, and dipole-ion
hydrophobic aliphatic
water as a solvent; types of bonds formed with water "fearing" compounds are
called______. Non-polar/apolar compounds that usually fall in this category are long
chained molecules composed of C and H called______molecules (two answers
separated by a space please)
amphiphilic
Solutions
biochemistry
a discipline in biochemistry; is the description of molecules in biology/chemistry of
proteins
molecular biology
a discipline in biochemistry; the manipulation of DNA, genetics
cell biology
a discipline in biochemistry; larger scale, functions and mechanisms within a cell/cell
energetics
cellulose
a natural polymer; found in plants for storage
glycogen
a natural polymer; found in animals for storage
protein
a natural polymer; tightly linked bonds
nucleotide
a natural polymer; covalent bonds
C,H,N,O,S
chemical elements commonly found in biochemistry
carbon
,an element commonly found in biochemistry, creates strong single or double bonds with
very little rotation
covalent
a chemical bond in biology; a pair of shared electrons, very strong, bonds between
polymers, >1 bond per atom, flexible and alternate re-arrangement
non-covalent
a chemical bond in biology; weaker bonds, but additive, creates specificity, highly
dynamic/transient bonds, required for molecular recognition
electrostatic, hydrogen, van der waals, hydrophobic
4 types of non-covalent interactions
electrostatic
a non-covalent interaction; such as ionic bonds Na⁺ + Cl⁻ -> NaCl
hydrogen
a non-covalent interaction; a H is shared between two electronegative atoms such as
F,O, or N; the more electronegative atom pulls the electron closer, creating a dipole
donor acceptor
the H bond _____ becomes more tightly linked, the H bond_____becomes less tightly
linked (two answers separated by a space please)
Van Der Waals
a non-covalent interaction; the interaction between molecules with temporary dipoles
from fluctuating electrons, are weak but additive
hydrophobic interaction
, a non-covalent interaction; the clustering of these molecules in polar substances i.e.
water interacts with itself and causes other non-polar residues to cluster
biological solvent
roles of water; many organic and biological materials are able to dissolve in water
part of reaction
roles of water; water is a common substance in biochemical reactions such as the
cleavage of bonds
regulation
roles of water; water is essential in regulating temperature and pH (the ideal
temperature of water with the highest heat capacity is 37°C)
water
a substance found in nearly all biological reactions and organisms; has a bond angle
between H's of 104.5°, has a dipole, H-bonds with itself, cohesive and dissolves polar or
charged compounds
hydrophilic
water as a solvent; types of bonding in water "loving" compounds are dipole-dipole, H-
bonding, and dipole-ion
hydrophobic aliphatic
water as a solvent; types of bonds formed with water "fearing" compounds are
called______. Non-polar/apolar compounds that usually fall in this category are long
chained molecules composed of C and H called______molecules (two answers
separated by a space please)
amphiphilic
