Capstone Exam Study Questions
___________________ principle ethics model is often described as the foundation or core of
ethical codes. - ANS-Kitchner's
"Many studies of interaction document that nonverbal gestures - body positioning, body
countenance, facial expressions, hand movements, and the like - are as important to
effective cooperation as _____________" (Turner, 1997, p. 211) - ANS-spoken words.
A child who has little control of his or her actions is in which of Kegan's stages? -
ANS-Impulsive
A highly trained specialist examines a client's responses to a series of inkblots. Which of the
following was the client given? - ANS-A projective test
A major problem with the use of encouragement, affirmation, and self-esteem building
includes which of the following? - ANS-Their use may foster dependency.
A principle of learning can best be characterized as: - ANS-A statement that describes how a
particular factor affects learning
A researcher has a subject learn relaxation methods and then measures their anxiety level.
This is done a number of times a week. What kind of research design is this? -
ANS-Causal-comparative research
Single-subject design
Survey research
Correlational research--wrong
A test has a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 10 and is normally distributed. What
percentage of people score between a 30 and 40? - ANS-34
A theory of learning can best be characterized as: - ANS-An explanation of the underlying
processes through which learning occurs
According to Freud, which structure of the personality is ruled by the reality principle? -
ANS-The ego
According to the text, the school guidance curriculum for secondary school counselors
should include all but which of the following? - ANS-Sexual education
Achievement testing includes all but which of the following? - ANS-Individual intelligence
tests
An activity not necessarily pursued for money that gives satisfaction and fulfillment is: -
ANS-avocation
An individually-administered instrument, as compared to a group-administered instrument,
has the advantage of:- ANS-allowing the administrator to observe nonverbal behaviors.
An instrument that has fixed directions for the administration and scoring of the instrument is
said to be: - ANS-standardized
Another name for ethnographic research is: - ANS-cultural anthropology
Another name for formative and summative evaluation is: - ANS-then and now evaluation
outcome and process evaluation--wrong
Process and outcome evaluation
Past and present evaluation
As children grow older, many of their neurons begin to transmit messages more rapidly than
they did in the early years of life, thanks to: - ANS-myelination
, As compared to objective measures, subjective instruments require the administrator to: -
ANS-make professional judgments when scoring the assessment.
Assessment is an integral component to counseling that encompasses four broad steps. The
first step is assessing the client problem(s). Which one of the following is NOT part of the
remaining three steps?- ANS-Selecting and implementing effective treatment(s).
Conceptualizing and defining the client problem(s).
Evaluating the counseling
**Utilizing as many assessment instruments as possible to determine treatment progress.
Assessments cannot only be used to identify client problems, but also to identify client: -
ANS-strengths
Behaviorists and cognitivists tend to focus on different aspects of learning. Which one of the
following statements best describes this difference? - ANS-Behaviorism focuses on external
behavioral changes; cognitivism focuses on internal mental changes.
Bernard's model of supervision is considered: - ANS-an integrated model.
Career development is: - ANS-the shaping of our life roles.
the fulfillment of economic, social, and psycholgical needs for the individual.
the process of finding a job.
all of these are correct.
Classical conditioning typically occurs when: - ANS-A conditioned stimulus is presented just
before an unconditioned stimulus.
Constructive development theories are based on the idea that career development is related
to which of the following? - ANS-How individuals make meaning out of the world of work
Credentialing does all but which of the following? - ANS-Decreases reimbursement rates
Despite the fact that ethical codes guide our behavior, perceptions of what is or is not ethical
can vary greatly. For example, according to some research conducted by Neukrug & Milliken
(2011), - ANS-43% of counselors believe it is ethical to use techniques that are not theory or
research based.
During the 1960s and 1970s, there was a lot of examination and evaluation of the use of
tests and assessment instruments. There was significant scrutiny over:e - ANS-ethnic bias,
fairness, and accuracy
Garald Caplan's theory of consultation has generally been applied in which of the following
settings? - ANS-Agencies
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime than any other species
on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that: - ANS-Humans can benefit from
their experiences.
If a test requires individuals to manipulate objects, then it would be considered a(n): -
ANS-performance test.
If a test taker made a score of 40 on a 100-item test, what interpretation can we make of this
score? - ANS-Nothing can be interpreted without additional information
If you take a client who is afraid of elevators to the Empire State Building and ride up and
down in the elevators with him all day long, which behavioral technique is this? -
ANS-Flooding and Implosion
In considering the counseling process, assessment: - ANS-is an integral part of the entire
process.
In surveying 45 licensing boards across the United States, Neukrug, Millikan, and Walden
(2001) found that _____ of complaints were made for inappropriate dual relationships. -
ANS-24%
___________________ principle ethics model is often described as the foundation or core of
ethical codes. - ANS-Kitchner's
"Many studies of interaction document that nonverbal gestures - body positioning, body
countenance, facial expressions, hand movements, and the like - are as important to
effective cooperation as _____________" (Turner, 1997, p. 211) - ANS-spoken words.
A child who has little control of his or her actions is in which of Kegan's stages? -
ANS-Impulsive
A highly trained specialist examines a client's responses to a series of inkblots. Which of the
following was the client given? - ANS-A projective test
A major problem with the use of encouragement, affirmation, and self-esteem building
includes which of the following? - ANS-Their use may foster dependency.
A principle of learning can best be characterized as: - ANS-A statement that describes how a
particular factor affects learning
A researcher has a subject learn relaxation methods and then measures their anxiety level.
This is done a number of times a week. What kind of research design is this? -
ANS-Causal-comparative research
Single-subject design
Survey research
Correlational research--wrong
A test has a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 10 and is normally distributed. What
percentage of people score between a 30 and 40? - ANS-34
A theory of learning can best be characterized as: - ANS-An explanation of the underlying
processes through which learning occurs
According to Freud, which structure of the personality is ruled by the reality principle? -
ANS-The ego
According to the text, the school guidance curriculum for secondary school counselors
should include all but which of the following? - ANS-Sexual education
Achievement testing includes all but which of the following? - ANS-Individual intelligence
tests
An activity not necessarily pursued for money that gives satisfaction and fulfillment is: -
ANS-avocation
An individually-administered instrument, as compared to a group-administered instrument,
has the advantage of:- ANS-allowing the administrator to observe nonverbal behaviors.
An instrument that has fixed directions for the administration and scoring of the instrument is
said to be: - ANS-standardized
Another name for ethnographic research is: - ANS-cultural anthropology
Another name for formative and summative evaluation is: - ANS-then and now evaluation
outcome and process evaluation--wrong
Process and outcome evaluation
Past and present evaluation
As children grow older, many of their neurons begin to transmit messages more rapidly than
they did in the early years of life, thanks to: - ANS-myelination
, As compared to objective measures, subjective instruments require the administrator to: -
ANS-make professional judgments when scoring the assessment.
Assessment is an integral component to counseling that encompasses four broad steps. The
first step is assessing the client problem(s). Which one of the following is NOT part of the
remaining three steps?- ANS-Selecting and implementing effective treatment(s).
Conceptualizing and defining the client problem(s).
Evaluating the counseling
**Utilizing as many assessment instruments as possible to determine treatment progress.
Assessments cannot only be used to identify client problems, but also to identify client: -
ANS-strengths
Behaviorists and cognitivists tend to focus on different aspects of learning. Which one of the
following statements best describes this difference? - ANS-Behaviorism focuses on external
behavioral changes; cognitivism focuses on internal mental changes.
Bernard's model of supervision is considered: - ANS-an integrated model.
Career development is: - ANS-the shaping of our life roles.
the fulfillment of economic, social, and psycholgical needs for the individual.
the process of finding a job.
all of these are correct.
Classical conditioning typically occurs when: - ANS-A conditioned stimulus is presented just
before an unconditioned stimulus.
Constructive development theories are based on the idea that career development is related
to which of the following? - ANS-How individuals make meaning out of the world of work
Credentialing does all but which of the following? - ANS-Decreases reimbursement rates
Despite the fact that ethical codes guide our behavior, perceptions of what is or is not ethical
can vary greatly. For example, according to some research conducted by Neukrug & Milliken
(2011), - ANS-43% of counselors believe it is ethical to use techniques that are not theory or
research based.
During the 1960s and 1970s, there was a lot of examination and evaluation of the use of
tests and assessment instruments. There was significant scrutiny over:e - ANS-ethnic bias,
fairness, and accuracy
Garald Caplan's theory of consultation has generally been applied in which of the following
settings? - ANS-Agencies
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime than any other species
on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that: - ANS-Humans can benefit from
their experiences.
If a test requires individuals to manipulate objects, then it would be considered a(n): -
ANS-performance test.
If a test taker made a score of 40 on a 100-item test, what interpretation can we make of this
score? - ANS-Nothing can be interpreted without additional information
If you take a client who is afraid of elevators to the Empire State Building and ride up and
down in the elevators with him all day long, which behavioral technique is this? -
ANS-Flooding and Implosion
In considering the counseling process, assessment: - ANS-is an integral part of the entire
process.
In surveying 45 licensing boards across the United States, Neukrug, Millikan, and Walden
(2001) found that _____ of complaints were made for inappropriate dual relationships. -
ANS-24%
