HLTH 335 final || with 100% Verified Solutions.
intrapersonal theory pros & cons correct answers pros:
better for individuals, psychological (consistent w/medical model), allows for behavior change
from within w/o anyone else
cons:
have to do it alone, expensive
3 types of theories discussed in class correct answers intrapersonal, interpersonal,
community/ecological
interpersonal theory pros & cons correct answers pros: addresses important psychological
constructs, focuses on immediate social environment, peer reviewed
cons: dual emphasis --> high cost and not enough attention in both areas
community/ecological theory pros & cons correct answers pros:
addresses large pop, long-lasting
cons: not individualized, requires stakeholder buy-in
Process (5 Steps) of Selecting a Theory/Model correct answers 1) develop a problem statement
2) Identify target behavior
3) conduct functional asessment (surveys/observations of behavior)
4) select theory or model
5) develop theory-based intervention
View all problems in terms of ___________, not _____________. correct answers behavior,
outcome
Difference between model and theory correct answers model = subset of constructs that make up
a theory (gives simplified way to overcome problems w/a behavior)
theory = BIGGER, observations about a behavior change, provides guidance through
interventions
topography vs function correct answers topography = behavior manifested in a specific way
function = reason behind/cause of the behavior
ex: 2 people running in forest, one from bear another for fun
acculturation definition & example correct answers a person's progression toward adopting
attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of a new culture - ANY age
, Ex. A foreign student dressing like his/her peers.
Self-Efficacy Theory main person(s) + constructs correct answers Bandura
Mastery Exp: when we try something and succeed (babysitting --> parenting)
Vicarious Exp: learning via observation, best w/someone close to us that we respect
Verbal Persuasion: encourage/convince someone to do something, works best if you know the
person (pep talk)
Somatic/Emotional States: physical/emotional states can help or hinder the uptake o f new
behavior (don't start a diet during finals week)
Social Cognitive Theory main person(s) + constructs correct answers Bandura
behavior can be described using the Triadic Reciprocal Model of Determinism, which takes into
account the behavior, environmental factors and personal factors such cognitions, self-
perceptions and biological events. The theory asserts that all three of these factors influence both
behavior and each other
CONSTRUCTS:
knowledge
situational perception: How many teenagers do you think are pregnant?
outcome expectations: belief about likelihood of behavior leading to specific outcome - If you
get the flu shot, you wouldn't expect to get the flu
outcome expectancy: value/importance we place on an outcome
environment: can be physical or social
self-efficacy
reinforcement: Positive: Encouragement
Negative reinforcement: getting yelled at
Must be immediate, positive is always better.
Summarize Bobo Doll experiment (SCT) correct answers 3 different groups. One group was
shown a toy being violent to another. Another group was shown toys being passive. And another
group was a control group. The children were taken to a room with toys and observed how they
played with the toys. When behavior is reinforced.
Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior (TRA/TPB) main person(s) + constructs correct
answers Martin Fishbein and Icek Azjen
TRA came before TPB
behavior is driven by intentions to behavior, which are influenced by attitudes and subjective
norms + perceived behavioral control → TPB
intrapersonal theory pros & cons correct answers pros:
better for individuals, psychological (consistent w/medical model), allows for behavior change
from within w/o anyone else
cons:
have to do it alone, expensive
3 types of theories discussed in class correct answers intrapersonal, interpersonal,
community/ecological
interpersonal theory pros & cons correct answers pros: addresses important psychological
constructs, focuses on immediate social environment, peer reviewed
cons: dual emphasis --> high cost and not enough attention in both areas
community/ecological theory pros & cons correct answers pros:
addresses large pop, long-lasting
cons: not individualized, requires stakeholder buy-in
Process (5 Steps) of Selecting a Theory/Model correct answers 1) develop a problem statement
2) Identify target behavior
3) conduct functional asessment (surveys/observations of behavior)
4) select theory or model
5) develop theory-based intervention
View all problems in terms of ___________, not _____________. correct answers behavior,
outcome
Difference between model and theory correct answers model = subset of constructs that make up
a theory (gives simplified way to overcome problems w/a behavior)
theory = BIGGER, observations about a behavior change, provides guidance through
interventions
topography vs function correct answers topography = behavior manifested in a specific way
function = reason behind/cause of the behavior
ex: 2 people running in forest, one from bear another for fun
acculturation definition & example correct answers a person's progression toward adopting
attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of a new culture - ANY age
, Ex. A foreign student dressing like his/her peers.
Self-Efficacy Theory main person(s) + constructs correct answers Bandura
Mastery Exp: when we try something and succeed (babysitting --> parenting)
Vicarious Exp: learning via observation, best w/someone close to us that we respect
Verbal Persuasion: encourage/convince someone to do something, works best if you know the
person (pep talk)
Somatic/Emotional States: physical/emotional states can help or hinder the uptake o f new
behavior (don't start a diet during finals week)
Social Cognitive Theory main person(s) + constructs correct answers Bandura
behavior can be described using the Triadic Reciprocal Model of Determinism, which takes into
account the behavior, environmental factors and personal factors such cognitions, self-
perceptions and biological events. The theory asserts that all three of these factors influence both
behavior and each other
CONSTRUCTS:
knowledge
situational perception: How many teenagers do you think are pregnant?
outcome expectations: belief about likelihood of behavior leading to specific outcome - If you
get the flu shot, you wouldn't expect to get the flu
outcome expectancy: value/importance we place on an outcome
environment: can be physical or social
self-efficacy
reinforcement: Positive: Encouragement
Negative reinforcement: getting yelled at
Must be immediate, positive is always better.
Summarize Bobo Doll experiment (SCT) correct answers 3 different groups. One group was
shown a toy being violent to another. Another group was shown toys being passive. And another
group was a control group. The children were taken to a room with toys and observed how they
played with the toys. When behavior is reinforced.
Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior (TRA/TPB) main person(s) + constructs correct
answers Martin Fishbein and Icek Azjen
TRA came before TPB
behavior is driven by intentions to behavior, which are influenced by attitudes and subjective
norms + perceived behavioral control → TPB
