UROLOGY
NR 661 UROLOGY EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Your patient is a 68-year-old male who is conscious but confused and lying on his kitchen floor.
The patient offers no complaint other than wishing to be helped up from the floor. The patient
can tell you that he "slipped a few days ago" and has been on the floor since. Physical
examination reveals dry, cool skin; dry mucous membranes; clear lung sounds bilaterally; and no
indications of trauma. HR = 112, BP = 98/70, RR = 14, SaO2 = 96%. Your partner finds an
appointment card indicating the patient missed a hemodialysis appointment two days ago. Which
of the following is the best course for managing this patient?
a. 1,000 mL fluid bolus
b. 250 mL fluid bolus
c. IV of NS at a keep-open rate
d. Dopamine infusion
b. 250 mL fluid bolus
Which of the following would most increase the likelihood of a urinary tract infection?
a. Prior history of renal calculi
b. Lack of sexual activity
c. Urinary retention
d. Male gender
c. Urinary retention
,UROLOGY
Of the following, which is TRUE of the changes in blood chemistry and composition in a patient
with chronic renal failure?
a. Blood glucose decreases.
b. H+ excretion leads to alkalosis.
c. Polycythemia occurs.
d. Uremia and creatinine levels increase.
d. Uremia and creatinine levels increase.
Your patient is complaining of pain secondary to epididymitis. Where should you expect the pain
to be located?
a. Flank
b. Testes
c. Suprapubic region
d. Lower left or right quadrant, depending on which side is affected
b. Testes
All of the following symptoms are consistent with urinary tract infection EXCEPT:
a. Passing hard, granular material in the urine
b. Difficulty beginning and continuing to void
c. Tenderness over one or both flanks
d. Frequent urge to urinate
,UROLOGY
a. Passing hard, granular material in the urine
Oxygen can benefit patients with chronic renal failure because it is common for patients with
chronic renal failure to be:
a. Anemic due to the blood loss associated with hemodialysis
b. Anemic due to decreased production of RBCs
c. Hypoxic secondary to associated congestive heart failure
d. Hypoxic secondary to associated hypotension
b. Anemic due to decreased production of RBCs
A 76-year-old patient with acute interstitial nephritis presents with oliguria, altered mental status,
and edema to his face, hands, and feet. Of the following, which best describes the
pathophysiology behind these clinical findings?
a. Increased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
b. Na+ and K+ excretion results in diuresis and dehydration.
c. Decreased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
d. H+ excretion results in diuresis and alkalosis.
c. Decreased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
A patient with no prior history of renal disease is experiencing restlessness, agitation, dysuria,
and flank pain radiating into the groin. Appropriate treatment for this patient would consist of all
of the following EXCEPT:
, UROLOGY
a. IV fluid therapy
b. Phenergan
c. Lasix IV
d. Morphine
c. Lasix IV
Which of the following chemistry findings would suggest acute renal failure?
a. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
b. Decreased creatinine
c. Decreased potassium
d. Elevated iron
a. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Which of the following is a prerenal cause of acute renal failure?
a. Pyelonephritis
b. Embolism of the renal vein
c. Ureteral obstruction due to renal calculi
d. Massive overdose of ibuprofen
b. Embolism of the renal vein
NR 661 UROLOGY EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Your patient is a 68-year-old male who is conscious but confused and lying on his kitchen floor.
The patient offers no complaint other than wishing to be helped up from the floor. The patient
can tell you that he "slipped a few days ago" and has been on the floor since. Physical
examination reveals dry, cool skin; dry mucous membranes; clear lung sounds bilaterally; and no
indications of trauma. HR = 112, BP = 98/70, RR = 14, SaO2 = 96%. Your partner finds an
appointment card indicating the patient missed a hemodialysis appointment two days ago. Which
of the following is the best course for managing this patient?
a. 1,000 mL fluid bolus
b. 250 mL fluid bolus
c. IV of NS at a keep-open rate
d. Dopamine infusion
b. 250 mL fluid bolus
Which of the following would most increase the likelihood of a urinary tract infection?
a. Prior history of renal calculi
b. Lack of sexual activity
c. Urinary retention
d. Male gender
c. Urinary retention
,UROLOGY
Of the following, which is TRUE of the changes in blood chemistry and composition in a patient
with chronic renal failure?
a. Blood glucose decreases.
b. H+ excretion leads to alkalosis.
c. Polycythemia occurs.
d. Uremia and creatinine levels increase.
d. Uremia and creatinine levels increase.
Your patient is complaining of pain secondary to epididymitis. Where should you expect the pain
to be located?
a. Flank
b. Testes
c. Suprapubic region
d. Lower left or right quadrant, depending on which side is affected
b. Testes
All of the following symptoms are consistent with urinary tract infection EXCEPT:
a. Passing hard, granular material in the urine
b. Difficulty beginning and continuing to void
c. Tenderness over one or both flanks
d. Frequent urge to urinate
,UROLOGY
a. Passing hard, granular material in the urine
Oxygen can benefit patients with chronic renal failure because it is common for patients with
chronic renal failure to be:
a. Anemic due to the blood loss associated with hemodialysis
b. Anemic due to decreased production of RBCs
c. Hypoxic secondary to associated congestive heart failure
d. Hypoxic secondary to associated hypotension
b. Anemic due to decreased production of RBCs
A 76-year-old patient with acute interstitial nephritis presents with oliguria, altered mental status,
and edema to his face, hands, and feet. Of the following, which best describes the
pathophysiology behind these clinical findings?
a. Increased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
b. Na+ and K+ excretion results in diuresis and dehydration.
c. Decreased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
d. H+ excretion results in diuresis and alkalosis.
c. Decreased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste.
A patient with no prior history of renal disease is experiencing restlessness, agitation, dysuria,
and flank pain radiating into the groin. Appropriate treatment for this patient would consist of all
of the following EXCEPT:
, UROLOGY
a. IV fluid therapy
b. Phenergan
c. Lasix IV
d. Morphine
c. Lasix IV
Which of the following chemistry findings would suggest acute renal failure?
a. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
b. Decreased creatinine
c. Decreased potassium
d. Elevated iron
a. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Which of the following is a prerenal cause of acute renal failure?
a. Pyelonephritis
b. Embolism of the renal vein
c. Ureteral obstruction due to renal calculi
d. Massive overdose of ibuprofen
b. Embolism of the renal vein
